[85] Loftus, Chaldaca and Susiana, p. 225. See Sarre-Herzfeld, Iranische Felsreliefs, p. 227, for a comprehensive enumeration of Parthian remains.
[86] Dieulafoy, L’Art antique de la Perse, vol. v, p. 29.
[87] Hilprecht, Explorations in Bible Lands, p. 564, compares it to the ancient Greek houses at Delos, for which see Durm, Baukunst der Griechen, p. 516. The juxtaposition of megaron and andron, each group of rooms opening into its own court, recalls irresistibly a yet older type; cf. the plan of Tiryns, Perrot-Chipiez, Histoire de l’Art, vol. vi, Plate 2. It is curious to note that the audience halls at Niffer are the oriental latitudinal chambers; indeed they have the closest connexion with the old Babylonian house type, which, as Professor Koldewey has observed, postulates invariably a court with a large chamber to the south of it. The Niffer palace is little more than a reproduction of such houses as the big house in the Merkes at Babylon, plus the column, which was due to Greek influence. See Koldewey, Das wieder erstehende Babylon, pp. 279 et seq.
[88] Mitt, der D. O.-G., No. 25, p. 39.
[89] Ibid., No. 28, p. 59.
[90] Stoae of Attalos at Athens and at Pergamon, Durm, Baukunst der Griechen, p. 504.
[91] The Assur palace is not yet published, but see Mitt. der D. O.-G., No. 42, pp. 45-50. The plan is given on Plate 4 of Andrae’s Festungswerke von Assur.
[92] Andrae, Hatra, pt. ii, Plate 6.
[93] The literature on this subject is of vast extent. See Choisy, L’Art de bâtir chez les Byzantins, p. 32; Dieulafoy, L’Art antique de la Perse, vol. iv, p. 14; Perrot-Chipiez, vol. ii, pp. 143-7, 163-81, 231-46. Delbrück’s chronological résumé of the history of the vault has brought order into chaos; Hellenistische Bauten in Latium, pt. ii, pp. 63-85.
[94] Place, Ninive, vol. i, pp. 176, 255.