Lign. 70. Fossil Zoophytes.
| Fig. | 1.— | Lunulites radiatus. Preston Chalk-pits; view of the convex side. (Mr. Walter Mantell.) 1a.—Front view; nat. 1b.—Portion of the surface of fig. 1, magnified. |
| 2.— | Scyphia intermedia; 1/2 nat. Faringdon. | |
| 3.— | Lithododendron sociale: the left-hand branch shows a vertical section at the upper part, displaying the internal structure; 1/2 nat. Mountain Limestone, Yorkshire. | |
| 4.— | Verticillipora anastomosans. Faringdon. | |
| 5.— | Scyphia ramosa; 1/2 nat. Faringdon. | |
| 6.— | Scyphia foraminosa; 1/2 nat. Faringdon. | |
| 7.— | Cnemidium astrophorum; 1/3 nat. Faringdon. |
Scyphia. Lign. [70], [72.]—These spongites are of a tubular, fistulous, or cylindrical form, and terminate in a rounded pit; they are either simple or branched, and composed of a firm reticulated tissue; [Lign. 70, fig. 2, 5, 6], and [Lign. 72, fig. 4], are examples. The Upper Greensand at Folkstone and Dover abounds in a flexuous species, named Scyphia meandrina (Morris).
Cnemidium (Goldfuss). [Lign. 70, fig. 7.]—These sponges consist of a cluster of turbinated projections, having a central pit above, and being porous on the external surface, and radiated at the margin. The mass is dense and fibrous, and is traversed by horizontal canals, diverging from the centre to the circumference.
Lign. 71. Fossil Sponge; nat.
(Chenendopora fungiformis.)
Greensand. Faringdon.
Chenendopora.[206] [Lign. 71.]—The species of porifera thus named are cyathiform, or cup-shaped; externally furrowed, mamillated, or lobed; internally smooth, and the surface covered with fine pores. The beautiful species figured (C. fungiformis) is abundant in the gravel-pits, and well known to the quarrymen as "petrified salt-cellars."