Drawn by Henry Carr, Esq. C. E. J. Whimper, lignt.

Lign. 272. View of Crich Hill, Derbyshire, from the West.

Let us now take a retrospect of the facts investigate during this morning’s ramble, and consider how far Mr. Bakewell’s interpretation of these phenomena (see p. 879) is in accordance with the data we have obtained. The outline of Crich Hill, as seen from a moderate distance, is that of an insulated oblong dome, encircled by precipitous escarpments, or angular eminences of less elevation. The annexed sketch ([Lign. 272]), by my friend, Henry Carr, Esq. C.E., of Duffield, to whom I am also indebted for a survey of Crich Hill, and admeasurements of the dip of the strata, will render this feature in the physical geography of the country more apparent.

In [Lign. 272], the protruded elongated cone of mountain limestone is denoted by the tower, or Stand, on the summit; and the other heights, and the foreground, are composed of millstone grit and sandstone. The highest point of limestone is 716 feet above the level of the Derwent in the adjacent valley; and was estimated by Mr. Bakewell at about 900 feet above the level of the sea. The hill of sandstone on the right, on which the mill stands, is 402 feet high, and conceals Crich village in this view; that in the middle distance, on the left, marked a, is 400 feet high.

This disposition of the millstone escarpments around the central cone of elevated limestone is shown more in detail in the ground-plan, [Lign. 273].

Thus we perceive that the strata of mountain-limestone dip from the centre of the hill in every direction, as indicated by the arrows, at various angles, from 20° to 50°; and those of the sandstone hills, which form an irregular zone around Crich, are also highly inclined, and in like manner dip from the central axis, as is shown by the direction of the arrows. Now we know, by observations made in places where the relative position of the Millstone and Limestone has suffered no disturbance, that these two series of strata were originally disposed horizontally and conformably upon each other, thus—

1. Uppermost—Millstone Grit and Sandstone.
2. Lowermost—Mountain Limestone.