CHAPTER IV.
The State Policy and the Individual (1600-1700).--The dissolution of the German Empire--The Prince's parties--The despotic official administration--The statesmen after the war--The insecurity of the subject; its influence on the character--Characteristics of the State system in a flying sheet of 1678--Tendencies up to 1740
CHAPTER V.
The "Stillen im Lande," or Pietists (1600-1700).--Tendencies of Protestantism till 1618--Consequences of the war--The older Pietism--Spener--Hatred of worldly pleasures--The women--Self-contemplation and social intercourse--Good effects on morals--The revival--Characters of Petersen and his wife--Narrative of Johanna Eleonora Petersen--Narrative of Dr. Johann Wilhelm Petersen--Fate of this couple, and their revelations--The later Pietism and its aberrations--Opposition--Lamentations of the student, Ernst Johann Semler--Progress of the people through Pietism
CHAPTER VI.
The Dawning of Light (1750).--Changes in the human mind from the invention of printing--Mathematical discipline and natural science--Law--Philosophy and its position with respect to theology--The leaders--Change of literature by Wolf and his disciples--Description of a German city about 1760, its police and artisans--The gentry--Merchants and their commerce--Ecclesiastics, teachers, and schools--Post and travelling--Dress and manners--Sentimentality, tears, and self-contemplation--Marriage a business matter--Women and house duties--Narrative of Johann Salomo Semler--Letter from a bride to her bridegroom in the year 1750