1. DIPHTHONGAL SYNALEPHA
    1. Synalepha takes place between two contiguous unaccented vowels belonging to separate words.
    2. Ex. Abre^una^eternidad, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 22.
    4. Synalepha occurs when the final vowel of the first word is accented.
    5. Ex. Te ví^un punto, y, flotando ante mis ojos, p. 169, XIV, l. 1.
    6. Synalepha usually occurs when the initial vowel of the second word is accented, especially when the first word ends in a weak vowel, and also in the combinations aá, oá, oa, eá, eó, eé.
    7. Ex. Me parece^en el cielo de la tarde, p. 169, XIII, l. 11.
  2. NOTE: Synalepha is possible with the other combinations, but hiatus is preferable even with the above combinations, in a syllable on which the rhythmical accent falls (see under Rhythmic Accent).
    1. There is always triphthongal synalepha when a is the middle vowel; or when o or e is the middle vowel, except in the following combinations, aoa, aoo, ooo, aea, aeo, oea, oeo.
    2. Ex. Silenciosa á expirar, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 20.
    3. There is never triphthongal synalepha when an accented weak vowel stands between two strong vowels. Therefore the conjunctions y and ú prevent triphthongal synalepha.
    4. Ex. Y de purpura y oro la matiza, p. 168, IX, l. 4.
    5. There may be triphthongal synalepha when í (y) is the middle vowel, if u precedes it, or i follows it.
    6. Ex. Fuí diestro, fuí valiente, fuí arrogante. Cervantes.
    7. When u is the middle vowel there may be synalepha if i follows it. The construction is very rare.
    9. There is no synalepha with a word beginning with hue.
    10. Ex. Mucho nuestro huesped tarda. Tirso de Molina.
    11. In the following cases the groups of vowels which would usually make triphthongal synalepha are pronounced in two syllables:
    12. (1) When the first word of the group ends in two vowels which do not form a diphthong.
    13. Ex. Que aún tení|a^abiertos, p. 187, LXXIII, l. 2.
    14. (2) When the two initial vowels of the second word do not form a diphthong.
    15. Ex. Tú, sombra^a|érea que, cuantas veces, p. 170, XV, l. 7.
    16. (3) When the first word ends in a diphthong and the second begins with a vowel in a constituent syllable (i.e. a syllable on which the rhythmical accent falls).
    17. Ex. Tan gran designio honra tus audacias.
    18. If the accented vowel is not in a constituent syllable synalepha may occur.
    19. Ex. Mientras la cencia á descubrir no alcance, p. 165, IV, l. 13.
    20. (4) When the first word ends in a single vowel, and the second word begins with a diphthong in a constituent syllable.
    21. Ex. Tú, proceloso austro que derribas.
    22. (3) and (4) might well be considered as cases of hiatus.
  3. Ex. Despierta, hablas, y al hablar, vibrantes, p. 174, XXVII, l. 23.
  4. Ex. Como la ola que á la playa viene, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 19.
  5. TRIPHTHONGAL SYNALEPHA
  6. SYNALEPHA BETWEEN FOUR OR MORE VOWELS
  7. This is less common, yet it exists.
  8. Ex. No^h^a^y^amor donde no hay celos. Lope de Vega.
  10. HIATUS
  11. Hiatus is most frequently found between words having a close syntactical relation, particularly if the initial vowel of the second word is in a constituent syllable. It may occur between the article and its substantive, the possessive adjective and its substantive, a preposition and its object, the negatives no and ni and a following vowel; and after the conjunctions y, que, si, and other words having a weak accent such as desde, coma, todo, otro, cuando, etc.
  12. Hiatus is most likely to occur when the accented vowel is the initial vowel of the final word in a phrase or verse, or of a word that has a strongly accented position in the verse; as, for example, when the syllable is the next to the last syllable in a verse, or is the fourth or eighth syllable of a hendecasyllabic verse of the second class.
  13. Ex. Rumor de besos y batir de alas, p. 168, X, l. 6.
  14. Ex. Como la ola que á la playa viene, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 19.
  15. In the above-mentioned case, the phrase de^oro is usually joined by synalepha.
  16. Ex. Mi frente es pálida, mis trenzas de^oro. Becquer.
  17. Hiatus is, however, sometimes observed in this phrase.
  18. Ex. De plumas y de oro, p. 180, XL, l. 28.
  19. When both vowels are accented hiatus is more common than synalepha, even though there is no close syntactical relation, although the vowels may be joined by synalepha if they do not come in a constituent syllable.
  20. Ex. ¡Oh yá isla católica patente! Herrera. [Hiatus.]
  21. Ex. ¿Sabes tú^á dónde va? p. 178, XXXVIII, l. 4. [Synalepha.]

Ex. Abre^una^eternidad, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 22.

Ex. Te ví^un punto, y, flotando ante mis ojos, p. 169, XIV, l. 1.

Ex. Me parece^en el cielo de la tarde, p. 169, XIII, l. 11.

Ex. Despierta, hablas, y al hablar, vibrantes, p. 174, XXVII, l. 23.

Ex. Como la ola que á la playa viene, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 19.

Ex. Silenciosa á expirar, p. 178, XXXVII, l. 20.

Ex. Y de purpura y oro la matiza, p. 168, IX, l. 4.

Ex. Fuí diestro, fuí valiente, fuí arrogante. Cervantes.

Ex. Mucho nuestro huesped tarda. Tirso de Molina.