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[ Morane parasol: A type of Morane monoplane in which the lifting surfaces are raised above the pilot in order to afford him a good view of the earth.]

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[ Skin friction is that part of the drift due to the friction of the air with roughnesses upon the surface of the aeroplane.]

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[ Banking: When an aeroplane is turned to the left or the right the centrifugal force of its momentum causes it to skid sideways and outwards away from the centre of the turn. To minimize such action the pilot banks, i.e., tilts, the aeroplane sideways in order to oppose the underside of the planes to the air. The aeroplane will not then skid outwards beyond the slight skid necessary to secure a sufficient pressure of air to balance the centrifugal force.]

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[ An explanation of the way in which the wash-out is combined with a wash-in to offset propellor torque will be found on p. 82.]

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[ A.M.'s: Air Mechanics.]