Diseases of the Horse's Foot

by H. Caulton Reeks

'Every devisable means were unsuccessful in reducing the limb to its natural position. The horse was thrown, and a strong rope, with four men pulling at it, was fastened round the hoof, whilst I put my knee to the back of the pastern, using all possible force, with one hand to the foot and the other to the fetlock, but all to no purpose. Next day other means were tried. First by throwing the horse and placing him on his belly, with the fore-legs stretched out forwards, and the hind-legs backwards. This I did so as to get the injured limb placed as nearly flat on the ground as possible, with its anterior aspect downwards. Then a very heavy man, with his boots off, was made to jump on the back of the pastern, where the prominence showed most; and afterwards, when these means failed, a strong piece of wood, well covered with leather, was placed (where the hollow of the heel ought to have been) on the most prominent part, and hit several times with a heavy hammer; but all efforts were futile.

'Prognosis.—Unfavourable. During the latter operations I had a very strong pressure applied to the hoof, and the horse firmly fastened in every way, and it appeared as though no amount of force would ever reduce the dislocation.

'Tautological.—The case was destroyed on April 30, being of no further use to the service.

'Post-mortem.—The os coronæ was found to have slipped out of the articulating cavity of the os pedis, backwards and past the lateral ligaments. These last-named structures prevented the bone being forced forward into its proper position, being firmly locked over the lateral prominences. The capsular ligament was considerably lacerated and inflamed, causing slight effusion and swelling about the region of the coronet.'[A]

[Footnote A: T. Flintoff, A.V.D., Veterinary Journal, vol. xix., p. 74.]

Treatment.—After the forcible means of reduction related by Mr. Flintoff, we may add that when they are successful, they should be followed by suitable bandaging of the parts, and rest. The first is effected by applying plaster of Paris and linen, and the second by having the animal put in slings.

INDEX

• Accidental tearing off of the entire hoof
• Acute arthritis
  • causes of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Acute laminitis
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • congestion in
  • course of
  • definition of
  • diagnosis in
  • exudation in
  • pathological anatomy of
  • prognosis in
  • suppuration in
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Acute periostitis simple
• Acute simple coronitis
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • prognosis of
  • treatment of
• Acute simple synovitis
• Advantages of neurectomy
• Amputational neuroma after neurectomy
• Anatomy, pathological, of corn
• Applying poultices, method of
• Arteries of the foot
• Arthritis, acute
  • causes of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Arthritis, simple or serous
• Arthritis, suppurative
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • pathology of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Articulation, the first interphalangeal
• Articulation, the second interphalangeal
  
• Bar pad and a half-shoe in the treatment of contracted feet
• Bar shoes in the treatment of contraction
• Bayer's treatment for chronic laminitis
• Bermbach's treatment for canker
• Bind
• Bone, caries of
• Bones, fracture of the, after neurectomy
• Bones, fracture of the
• Bones, necrosis of
• Bones, the
• Brittle hoof
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Broad's treatment of laminitis
• Broué's expansion shoe
• Bruised sole, chronic
• Buttress foot
  
• Canker
  • Bermbach's treatment of
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • differential diagnosis in
  • history of
  • Hoffmann's treatment of
  • Imminger's treatment of
  • Malcolm's treatment of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • prognosis in
  • Rose's treatment of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Caries of bone
• Caries of the os pedis in pricked foot
• Cartilage, the lateral
• Cartilaginous quittor
• Causes of acute laminitis
  • of acute simple coronitis
  • of brittle hoof
  • of canker
  • of chronic coronitis
  • of chronic laminitis
  • of club-foot
  • of corn
  • of contracted feet
  • of coronary contraction of the foot
  • of crooked foot
  • of curved hoof
  • of false quarter
  • of flat-foot
  • of keraphyllocele
  • of nail-bound
  • of navicular disease
  • of pumiced foot
  • of punctured foot
  • of ringed hoof
  • of sand-crack
  • of seedy-toe
  • of side-bone
  • of simple chronic coronitis
  • of simple cutaneous quittor
  • of specific coronitis
  • of sub-horny quittor
  • of thrush
  • of weak heels
• Caustic solution, Villate's
• Changes in the bone in navicular disease
  • in the bursa in navicular disease
  • in the cartilage in navicular disease
  • in the internal structures of the foot in contraction
  • in the tendon in navicular disease
• Charlier shoe, the
• Charlier shoeing for contracted foot
• Chemical properties of horn
• Chronic coronitis, simple
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Chronic bruised sole
  • treatment of
  • Bayer's treatment of
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • Gross's treatment of
  • Gunther's treatment of
  • Imminger's treatment of
  • Joly's treatment of
  • Meyer's treatment of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • surgical shoeing for
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
  • treatment of, by ligaturing the digital arteries
• Chronic laminitis
• Chronic oedema of the leg after neurectomy
• Chronic synovitis
  • McGill's
  • Vachette's
• Clamp, sand-crack, Koster's
• Clamping sand-cracks, methods of
  • of punctured foot according to the situation of the wound
  • of sand-crack
  • of quittor
• Classification of corns
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Club-foot
• Cocaine injections as an aid to diagnosis in foot lamenesses
• Colic, metastatic, in laminitis
• Commencement, point of, in navicular disease
• Common situations of the wound in punctured foot.
• Complicated sand-crack, operations for
  • in laminitis
  • in pricked foot
  • in sand-crack
  • in simple or cutaneous quittor
  • in sub-horny quittor
• Complications in coronitis
• Compression as a cause of navicular disease
• Concussion as a cause of navicular disease
• Conformation, faulty
• Congestion in laminitis
  • causes of
  • changes in the internal structures of
  • definition of
  • local or coronary
  • prognosis of
  • surgical shoeing for
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Contracted foot
  • bar shoes in the treatment of
  • expansion shoes in the treatment of
• Contraction of the foot, a bar pad and a half-shoe in the treatment of
  • causes of
  • classification of
  • definition of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • prognosis in
  • surgical shoeing in
  • symptoms of
  • the dry
  • the moist
  • the suppurating
  • treatment of
• Corn
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Coronary contraction of the foot
• Coronary cushion, the
• Coronary edge of the wall, expansion and contraction of the
  • acute simple
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • definition of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Coronitis
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Coronitis, simple chronic
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Coronitis, specific
• Course of acute laminitis
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Crooked foot
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • treatment of
• Curved hoof
  • the coronary
  • the plantar
• Cushion
• Cutaneous or simple quittor
  
• De Fay's expansion shoe.
  • disease
• Defective or irregular blood-supply to the bone a cause of navicular
  • of acute laminitis
  • of acute simple coronitis
  • of brittle hoof
  • of canker
  • of chronic coronitis
  • of chronic laminitis
  • of club-foot
  • of contracted foot
  • of corn
  • of coronary contraction of the foot
  • of crooked foot
  • of curved hoof
  • of false quarter
  • of flat-foot
  • of keraphyllocele
  • of nail-bound
  • of navicular disease
  • of pumiced foot
  • of punctured foot
  • of pyramidal disease
  • of quittor
  • of ringed hoof
  • of sand-crack
  • of seedy-toe
  • of side-bone
  • of simple chronic coronitis
  • of specific coronitis
  • of spongy hoof
  • of sub-horny quittor
  • of thrush
  • of weak heels
• Definition
• Development of the hoof
  • of acute laminitis
  • of canker
  • of foot lameness by injections of cocaine
  • of navicular disease
  • of punctured foot
  • of pyramidal disease
  • of side-bone
  • of sub-horny quittor
• Diagnosis
  • in navicular disease
• Differential diagnosis in canker
• Diseases arising from faulty conformation
  • recorded case of
• Dislocation of the os coronæ
• Dislocations
• Dry corn
  
• Einsiedel's expansion shoe
• Examining the foot method of
• Exercise, forced, in the treatment of laminitis
  • of the coronary edge of the wall
  • of the hoof under the body-weight
  • of the solar edge of the wall
  • of the sole
• Expansion and contraction
  • De Fay's
  • Einsiedel's
  • Hartmann's
  • Smith's
• Expansion shoe Broué's
• Expansion shoes in the treatment of contraction
• Extensor pedis tendon, the
  • of the lateral cartilage in quittor
  • of the lateral cartilage, after Moller and Frick
  • of the lateral cartilage, after Bayer
• Extirpation
• Exudation in laminitis
  
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• False quarter
  • diseases arising from
• Faulty conformation
• Feeding a cause of laminitis
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Flat-foot
• Flexor pedis perforans tendon, the
• Flexor pedis perforatus tendon, the
• Foot, buttress
• Foot, changes in the internal structures in contraction of the
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Foot, contracted
• Forced exercise in laminitis
• Fractures
  • of the navicular bone
  • of the os coronæ
  • of the os pedis
• Fractures of the bones after neurectomy
• Frog, the
• Functions of the lateral cartilages
  
• Gangrene of the sensitive structures in laminitis
• Gathered nail
• Gelatinous degeneration after neurectomy
  • in laminitis (Smith's operation)
  • in treatment of sand-crack
  • in treatment of side-bone (Smith's operation)
• Grooving the wall
• Gross's treatment of chronic laminitis
• Growth of hoof, rate of
• Gunther's treatment of chronic laminitis
  
• Hartmann's expansion shoe
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Heels, weak
  • as a cause of navicular disease
  • as a cause of side-bone
• Heredity
• Histology of horn
  • of canker
  • of navicular disease
  • of neurectomy
• History
• Hind-feet, navicular disease in the
• Hind-limb with the side-line, method of securing
• Hoffmann's treatment of canker
  • accidental tearing off of
  • expansion and contraction of
  • development of
  • rate of growth of
• Hoof, the
  • chemical properties of
  • histology of
• Horn
• Hutlederkitt
  
  • for chronic laminitis
  • for canker
• Imminger's treatment
• Immobilizing a sand-crack by grooving the wall, methods of
• Infection of the limb, septic
• Injections of cocaine as an aid to diagnosis in foot lameness
  • the first
  • the second
• Interphalangeal articulation
  • required in plantar neurectomy
  • in operations on the foot
• Instruments
• Irregular blood-supply to the bone as a cause of navicular disease
  
• Joly's treatment of chronic laminitis
  
• Koster's sand-crack clamp
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Keraphyllocele
• Keratoma
  
• Lameness, cocaine injections as an aid to diagnosis in
• Laminæ, the sensitive
  • acute
  • Broad's treatment of
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • congestion in
  • course of
  • definition of
  • diagnosis in
  • exudation in
  • feeding, a cause of
  • forced exercise in the treatment of
  • gangrene of the sensitive structures in
  • grooving the wall in the treatment of
  • local applications in the treatment of
  • local bleeding in the treatment of
  • metastatic colic in
  • metastatic pneumonia in
  • neurectomy in
  • opening the sole in the treatment of
  • parturient
  • pathological anatomy of
  • periostitis and ostitis in
  • phlebotomy in the treatment of
  • prognosis in
  • rocker bar shoes in the treatment of
  • Smith's operation in
  • suppuration in
  • symptoms of
  • symptoms of, in the four feet
  • symptoms of, in the fore-feet alone
  • symptoms of, in the hind-feet alone
  • treatment of
• Laminitis
  • chronic
  • Bayer's treatment of
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • Gross's treatment of
  • Gunther's treatment of
  • Imminger's treatment of
  • Joly's treatment of
  • Meyer's treatment of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • surgical shoeing for
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Laminitis
• Laminitis, parturient
  • extirpation of, in quittor, after Holier and Frick
  • extirpation of, in quittor, after Bayer
  • functions of
  • necrosed, pathological anatomy of
  • necrosis of
  • ossification of
  • wounds of
• Lateral cartilage, the
• Leg, chronic oedema of the, after neurectomy
• Length of rest required after neurectomy
• Ligaments, the
• Ligaturing the digital arteries, in chronic laminitis
• Limb, septic infection of
• Local applications in laminitis
• Local bleeding in laminitis
• Local or coronary contraction of the foot
• Low ringbone
  
• Malcolm's treatment of canker
• McGill's sand-crack clamp
• Median neurectomy
• Metal plates in the treatment of sand-crack
• Metastatic colic in laminitis
• Metastatic pneumonia in laminitis
  • of examining the foot
  • of immobilizing sand-crack by grooving the wall
• Methods of applying poultices
  • of securing a hind-limb with the side-line
  • of securing the foot to the cannon of another limb
• Methods of restraint
• Meyer's treatment of chronic laminitis
• Moist corn
  
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Nail-bound
• Nail-tread
  • fracture of
• Navicular bone, the
• Navicular bursa, puncture of the, in pricked foot
• Navicular bursa punctured, treatment of
  • causes of
  • changes in the bone in
  • changes in the bursa in
  • changes in the cartilage in
  • changes in the tendon in
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • differential diagnosis of
  • history of
  • in the hind-feet
  • point of commencement of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Navicular disease
  • pathological anatomy of
• Necrosed lateral cartilage
  • of tendon and ligament in sub-horny quittor
  • of the lateral cartilage (cartilaginous quittor)
• Necrosis of bone
• Necrotic plantar aponeurosis, treatment of
• Nerve, reunion of, after neurectomy
• Nerves, the
  • advantages of
  • amputational neuroma in
  • fracture of the bones after
  • gelatinous degeneration after
  • history of
  • instruments required in
  • in laminitis
  • length of rest required after
  • persistent pruritus after
  • pricked foot after
  • reunion of divided nerve after
  • sequelæ of
  • stumbling after
  • use of the horse after
• Neurectomy
  • median
  • plantar
• Neurectomy
• Neuroma, amputational, after neurectomy
  
• Oedema of the leg after neurectomy
• Opening the sole in the treatment of laminitis
  • for laminitis
  • for necrosed lateral cartilage in quittor
  • for necrosed plantar aponeurosis
  • for side-bone
• Operation for complicated sand-crack
• Operations on the foot, instruments required in
• Operations on the horn, treatment of contracted foot by
  • dislocation of
  • fracture of
• Os coronæ, the
  • caries of, in pricked foot
  • fracture of
• Os pedis, the
• Osteoplastic ostitis
• Osteoplastic periostitis
• Ostitis in laminitis
  • rarefying
  • osteoplastic
• Ostitis
• Ossification of the lateral cartilages (side-bone)
  • shoeing for
  • treatment of
• Overreach
• 
  
  • of canker
  • of chronic laminitis
  • of corn
  • of keraphyllocele
  • of necrosed lateral cartilage
  • of pyramidal disease
  • of simple cutaneous quittor
  • of navicular disease
• Parturient laminitis
• Pathological anatomy of acute laminitis
• Pedal articulation, puncture of the
• Perforans tendon, the flexor pedis
• Perforates tendon, the flexor pedis
• Periople, the
• Periostitis and ostitis in laminitis
• Periostitis, osteoplastic
  • simple acute
  • suppurative
• Periostitis, recorded cases of
• Periostitis,
• Periostitis, treatment of
• Persistent pruritus after neurectomy
  • wounds of the
  • treatment of necrosed
• Phlebotomy in laminitis
• Plantar aponeurosis,
  • history of
  • instruments required in
  • operation of
• Plantar cushion
  • metastatic
• Plantar neurectomy
• Pneumonia in laminitis
• Point of commencement of navicular disease
• Poultices, methods of applying
  • after neurectomy
  • complications of
• Preventive treatment of cutaneous quittor
  • in acute simple coronitis
  • in canker
  • in contracted foot
  • in corn
  • in laminitis
  • in navicular disease
  • in punctured foot
  • in sand-crack
  • in simple cutaneous quittor
• Pricked foot
• Prognosis
• Properties of horn, chemical
• Protection of sand-crack by metal plates
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Pruritus after neurectomy
  • causes of
  • classification of
  • common situation of the wound in
  • complications in
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Pumiced foot
  • treatment of
• Punctured foot
• Puncture of the navicular bursa
• Puncture of the pedal articulation
• Purulent synovitis
  • classification of
  • definition of
• Pyramidal disease
  
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • curative treatment of
  • definition of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • preventive treatment of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Quittor
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • extirpation of the lateral cartilage in, after Moller and Frick
  • extirpation of the lateral cartilage in, after Bayer
  • necrosis of the lateral cartilage in (cartilaginous quittor)
  • necrosis of tendon and ligament in (tendinous quittor)
  • surgical shoeing in
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Quittor, simple or cutaneous
• Quittor, sub-horny
  • of the os coronæ
  • of navicular disease in both hind-feet
  • of periostitis
  • of pyramidal disease
• 
  
• Rarefying ostitis
• Recorded case of dislocation
• Rest required after neurectomy, length of
• Restraint, methods of
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • treatment of
• Reunion of the divided nerve after neurectomy
• Ringbone, low
• Ringed hoof
  • causes of
  • clamp
    • Koster's
    • McGill's
    • Vachette's
  • clamping, methods of
  • classification of
  • complications in
  • definition of
  • operations for complicated
  • prognosis in
  • surgical shoeing for
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
  • treatment of, by grooving the wall
  • treatment of, by wedging the fissure
• Rocker bar shoes in laminitis
• Rose's treatment of canker
  
• Sand-crack
• Second interphalangeal articulation, the
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Securing a hind-limb with the side-line, method of
• Securing the foot to the cannon of another limb, method of
• Seedy-toe
• Senile decay as a cause of navicular disease
• Sensitive laminæ, the
• Sensitive structures, gangrene of, in laminitis
• Septic infection of the limb
  • Charlier's
  • Charlier's tip
  • expansion
    • Broué's
    • De Fay's
    • Einsiedel's
    • Hartmann's
    • Smith's
  • for overreach
  • plate
  • rocker bar
  • slipper, Broué's
  • slipper and bar-clip, Einsiedel's
  • three-quarter
  • three-quarter bar
  • thinned tip
  • tip
  • with 'dropped' heel
  • with extended toe-piece
  • with extended toe-piece (Nunn's)
  • with heel-clip
  • with 'set' heel
• Sequelæ of neurectomy
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • heredity a cause of
  • Smith's operation for
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Serous arthritis
• Shoe, bar
• Side-bone
• Side-line, the
  • acute
  • chronic
• Simple acute coronitis
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • curative treatment of
  • definition of
  • pathological anatomy of
  • preventive treatment of
  • prognosis of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Simple acute periostitis
• Simple coronitis
• Simple or cutaneous quittor
  • operation for laminitis
  • operation for side-bone
• Simple serous arthritis
• Simple synovitis, acute
• Smith's expansion shoe
• Solar edge of the wall, expansion and contraction of the
• Sole, chronic bruised
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Sole, expansion and contraction of the
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Sole, the
• Specific coronitis
  • causes of
  • complications in
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • necrosis of the lateral cartilage in (cartilaginous quittor)
  • necrosis of tendon and ligament in (tendinous quittor)
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
  • surgical shoeing for
• Spongy hoof
• Stumbling after neurectomy
• Sub-horny quittor
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • diagnosis of
  • pathology of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Suppurating corn
• Suppuration in laminitis
• Suppurative arthritis
  • for chronic laminitis
  • for laminitis, acute
  • for sand-crack
  • for quittor
• Suppurative periostitis
  • of acute simple coronitis
  • of brittle hoof
  • of canker
  • of chronic coronitis
  • of chronic laminitis
  • of club-foot
  • of contracted foot
  • of corn
  • of coronary contraction of the foot
  • of crooked foot
  • of false quarter
  • of flat-foot
  • of keraphyllocele
  • of laminitis
  • of laminitis in all four feet
  • of laminitis in the fore-feet alone
  • of laminitis in the hind-feet alone
  • of nail-bound
  • of navicular disease
  • of pumiced foot
  • of punctured foot
  • of pyramidal disease
  • of sand-crack
  • of seedy-toe
  • of side-bone
  • of simple chronic coronitis
  • of simple cutaneous quittor
  • of specific coronitis
  • of spongy hoof
  • of sub-horny quittor
  • of synovitis, chronic
  • of synovitis, purulent or suppurative
  • of synovitis, simple acute
  • of thrush
  • of weak heels
• Suppurative synovitis
  • causes of
  • treatment of
• Surgical shoeing for corn
• Symptoms
  • the extensor pedis
  • the flexor pedis perforans
  • the flexor pedis perforatus
• Synovitis, acute simple
• 
  
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Tearing off of the entire hoof, accidental
• Tendon
• Tendons, the
• Thrush
• Tight-nailing
  • of acute laminitis
  • of acute simple coronitis
  • of brittle hoof
  • of canker
  • of canker
    • Bermbach's
    • Hoffmann's
    • Imminger's
    • Malcolm's
    • Rose's
  • of chronic bruised sole
  • of chronic coronitis
  • of chronic laminitis
  • of chronic laminitis by ligaturing the digital arteries
  • of club-foot
  • of contracted feet
  • of contracted feet by expansion shoes
  • of contracted feet by operations on the horn
  • of corns
  • of coronary contraction of the foot
  • of crooked foot
  • of curved hoof
  • of cutaneous quittor
  • of false quarter
  • of keraphyllocele
  • of nail-bound
  • of navicular disease
  • of necrotic plantar aponeurosis
  • of periostitis
  • of pumiced foot
  • of punctured foot
  • of punctured navicular bursa
  • of pyramidal disease
  • of ringed hoof
  • of sand-crack
  • of sand-crack by clamping the fissure
  • of sand-crack by grooving the wall
  • of sand-crack by wedging the fissure
  • of seedy-toe
  • of side-bone
  • of simple chronic coronitis
  • of specific coronitis
  • of spongy hoof
  • of sub-horny quittor
  • of synovitis
  • of thrush
  • of weak heels
• Tip-shoes
• Tissue, the velvety
• Tread, See Overreach
• Treatment
• 
  
• Use of the horse that has undergone neurectomy>
• Vachette's sand-crack clamp
  • causes of
  • definition of
  • symptoms of
  • treatment of
• Veins, the
• Velvety tissue, the
• Villate's caustic solution
  
• Wall, the
• Weak heels
• Wedging the fissure in the treatment of sand-crack
• Wound in punctured foot, common situations of the
• Wounds of the lateral cartilages
• Wounds of the plantar aponeurosis

THE END