The Early Christians in Rome - H. D. M. Spence-Jones

In front of the Temple, to the West, stood the great altar of burnt-offering, at which, except in the matter of incense-burning, every act of sacrifice had to be performed. In this Western division of the Inner Court the victims were slaughtered. The Temple itself with the great altar of burnt-offering was again surrounded by an enclosure, within which as a rule none but priests might enter. This enclosure was sometimes called the Court of the Priests.

The men of Israel, however, being admitted into the Western division of the Inner Court, were spectators of and so assisted at the sacrifices offered on the great altar, from which they were only separated by the enclosure—into which, however, in certain circumstances, they were admitted.

But the women were never allowed to enter the Western division of the Inner Court—never might pass the wall of separation—never as it were assist at the sacrifices and the solemn ritual of the great altar which stood at the Western entrance of the Temple.

INDEX

“Aboth,” treatise, [358 n. 1]
Acilii Glabriones family, Crypt of, [265], [267], [268–9], [270–1];
was Pudens a member of?, [270]
Acilius Glabrio, Consul, martyrdom of, [41–2], [230–1], [269]
Acta Sincera, of Ruinart, on Martyrdom of Theban legion, [148 n. 1]
Acts of the Apostles, Haggadic influence seen in, [379];
model of, [72];
on Christian assemblies, [107];
on S. Paul’s prison life at Rome, [22];
on status of women, [367 n. 1]
Acts of S. Cecilia, in the light of catacomb discoveries, [289] et seq.
Acts of S. Hermes, [274]
Acts of Martyrdom, or Acts and Passions of the Martyrs, archæological and literary corroboration of, [81], [82], [94] & [n. 1]
Critical estimates of, [81] & [nn.], [82], [258]
Few in early days, [33], [35], [48], [53]
Pagan contempt shewn in, [158]
Value of, in exploring Catacombs, [226]
on Numbers of Christians, [104]
on Persecutions, [163]
Acts of the Martyred Slaves, [136]
Acts of the Passion of S. Felicitas, [299];
authenticity of, [300], [304]
Acts of Pastor and Timotheus, tradition in, on Pudens and his family, [263–5]
Acts of S. Valentinus, [276]
Ælia Capitolina, site of, [77];
insults at, to Christians, [78];
results of building, [332], [335–6] et seq.
Ælius Verus, adopted by Hadrian, [83]
Æneas, piety of, [87]
Æneid, teaching of, [88]
Africa (see [Carthage], see also [Egypt]), Christian congregations in, mid-second century, [36]
Agaunum (S. Maurice), Martyrdom legend concerning, [148 n. 1]
Agrippa, builder of Pantheon portico, [280]
Akiba, Rabbi, eminence of, and of his pupils, [337], [354–6]
Fate of, [355] & [n. 1]
Supporter of Bar-cochab, [78], [336–7]
on Massorah, [362 n. 1]
Alcuin, [278]
Aldus Manutius, supporting Pliny’s letter, [46]
Alemanni, death of, [283]
Alexander, son of S. Felicitas, tomb of, [259]
Alexandria, Jewish revolts in, [330], [334–5], [346];
literary support from, of Petrine tradition, [10], [13];
plague of, [155 n. 2]
Alexandrian-Jewish influences in Revelation of S. John, [72]
Allard, —, on Acilius Glabrio, [269];
on Archæology as rehabilitating legend, [289];
on Jewish fecundity, first century, in Rome, [5 n. 1];
on the Jews in the Augustan age, [4];
on Nero’s persecution and popular disgust, [42 n. 2];
on the Martyrdom of the Theban legion, [148 n. 1];
on Pliny’s letter, [46];
on S. Peter’s arrival in Rome, [19 n. 1];
on Trajan’s personality, [48]
Translation by, of the Epitaph of Pope Damasus, [215 n. 1]
Almsgiving, in the early Church, [113], [119–22], [123], [130] et seq., [138], [139]
America, Civil War of, cause of, [135 n. 1]
Amoraim, the, [345], [358 n. 1], [359]
Amphitheatre games, horrors of, [50];
Martyrdoms in, [110], [172], [175–6];
training of Christians for, [198]
Ampliatus, Chapel or Crypt of, Domitilla Cemetery, [240]
Tomb of, identification of, [241–2]
Anacletus, Pope, cemetery of, [287];
discoveries in, seventeenth century, [280] et seq.
Memoriæ erected by, over tombs of SS. Peter and Paul, [233], [237], [281] et seq.
Ananias and Sapphira, gift of, voluntary, [120 n. 1]
Anchor, as Christian Emblem, [310]
Angels, Haggadic references to, [378], [379]
Animals, wild, in amphitheatre games, exposure to, of Christians, &c., [175–6], [178], [183], [185], [187], [191], [203], [204], [269]
Anniversaries of Martyrs, first celebrated, [35]
Antioch (see also [Ignatius]), literary support from, of Petrine tradition, [9], [13]
Antipas, martyr, [169]
Antonines, the (see also [Antoninus Pius] and [Marcus Aurelius]), reigns of, [63];
characteristics of, [84] et seq.;
table of succession of, [83]
Antonins, Les, by De Champagny, on Hadrian’s character, [77 n. 1];
on the number of Jews slain in the last wars, [338] & [n. 2]
Antoninus Pius, [186], [277];
adopted by, and successor to, Hadrian, [83];
family and character of, [83], [84], [85]
Attitude of, to Christians, [158];
ignorance of their faith, [77]
Coinage of, [87], [90]
Persecutions by, and reasons for, [33], [80], [81], [84], [91–3], [95], [137], [163 n. 2], [194], [207]
Relations of, with Hadrian, [83], [85]
Apocalypse of S. John, [72];
place of, in early Christian thought, [156–7];
references in, to Persecution, [37], [157], [165], [167–70]
Apologies, The, of Justin Martyr, [128], [184]
on Assemblies, [108], [113–4]
on Persecution, [185–6]
Apology of Aristides, on Burial of the dead by Christians, [132], [133];
on Christian charity, [124] & [n. 1], [126], [130], [138];
on Christians as civil judges, [148];
on Hospitality, [128];
on Slavery, [135]
Apology, or Embassy, of Athenagoras, on Persecution, [188–9]
Apology of Tertullian, and the Octavius of Minucius Felix, [186]
Apostasy, encouraged by Roman rulers, [195], [197];
Hermas on, [181];
results of, [197], [203];
some causes, [201]
Apostolical Constitutions, The, on Almsgiving, [122];
on Hospitality, [128]
Apostolic Fathers, writings of, cast in Letter form, [73]
Apostolic Fathers, by Lightfoot, cited on Pliny’s Letters, [46 n. 1];
on S. Hippolytus, [251]
Apostolic remains, authors and form of, [73];
characteristics and special value of, ib., meant for publication, [74] & [n. 1]
Apronienus, catacomb of, [248]
Aquila and Priscilla, associations of, with S. Paul, and with Pudens, [265–6];
burial-place of, [262], [266];
church founded by, [262]
Arch of Titus, witness of, [333] & [n. 1]
Archæological Relics of S. Peter, Chair, and place of baptism, [12]
Archæology, witness of, to literature and tradition (see also [Catacombs]), [17], [19 n. 1], [81], [82], [108], [147], [152 n. 1], [209] et seq., [289], [295], [298], [304]
to Pagan and Christian views on Death, [154–5]
to Social Status of many early Christians, [111–2]
Arenaria, in Jordani catacomb, [260]
Aristides, see [Apology] of, supra
Aristotle, works of, [146]
Arles, Church of S. Hippolytus at, [255]
Armellini, Prof., on Inscription concerning S. Agnes, [256–7];
Ubaldi’s memoranda published by, [281];
work of, in Catacomb exploration, [239]
Army, Christians in, [148] & [n. 1]
Arnold, Matthew, on the Good Shepherd with the Kid, [320]
Arsacius, Letter to, from Emperor Julian, on Christian characteristics, [123 n. 1], [128], [131]
Arval Brotherhood, College of, [236];
M. Aurelius a member, [95 n. 1]
Asia, Christian congregations in, mid-second century, [36]
Asia Minor (see also [Antioch], &c.), [71]
Christianity in (see also [Pliny’s Letter]), founder, and effects on Paganism, and spread of, [51], [107]
S. John’s prominence in, [9]
Assemblies, Christian, composition of, [110–12], [113], [114], [240], [242]
Importance of, [101];
evidenced in literary references, [107–9]
Joy in, [155]
Places where held (see also [Catacombs]), [139]
Proceedings at, various writers cited, [113] et seq.
References to, in N.T. and later writers, Christian and Pagan, [107] et seq.
Sunday, [108];
observance of, Justin Martyr on, [113–4]
Teaching, doctrines and ritual at, [101], [113] et seq., [124], [126], [128–30], [131–3], [138], [139]
Astolphus, [293]
Athenagoras, [319 n. 1];
on Persecutions, [188–9]
Attire, Rigourist teaching on, [153–4]
Aubé, on the Acts of S. Felicitas, [300];
on Domitian’s persecution, [42 n. 2];
on Trajan’s Rescript, [49]
Augustus Cæsar, [91], [280];
attitude of, to Imperial cultus, [42];
favour shown by, to the Jews, [3];
and the source of Rome’s greatness, [88], [89]
Ausonius, poems of, [64]
Autolycus, letters or books to, from Theophilus of Antioch, [108–9], [189]
Auvergne, [66]
Aventine Hill, church on, [262];
house, &c., of Pudens on, [12], [15]
Avitus, made Emperor, [65]

Baba-Bathra treatise, in the Talmud, [343 n. 1]
Babylon, mystic name for Rome, [8], [10], [14]
Babylonia (see also [Exile]), Jews in, [346]
Rabbinic Schools of, [326], [362–3], [368], [373]
Chief, [358 n. 1]
Mode of teaching in, [357], [358–60]
Work of, [344], [345], [346], [372]
Babylonian Gemara, the, [356] & [n. 4]
Talmud, the, [345],
Haggadic notices in, [358 n. 1]
Baiæ, death at, of Hadrian, [83]
Balaam and his ass, Haggadah on, [377], [378]
Balbina, tomb of, [247]
Baptisteries (see also Wells) in Catacombs of [Pontianus], and [S. Priscilla], [236]
Baptistery of S. Peter, site of, identified by Marucchi, [12], [257], [267], [271–3]
Barberini (Pope Urban VIII), epigram on, [280]
Bar-cochab, false Messiah, cause of last war of the Jews, [336–7];
his Rabbinical supporters, [78], [336–7], [354], [355]
Barnabas, Epistle of, see [Epistles]
Barnes, —, cited on Neronic burning of Christians, [285–6]
on S. Peter’s tomb, [281] & [n.] et seq.
Baronius, Cardinal, [263];
present at finding of S. Cecilia’s body, [294] & [n. 1], [297];
on S. Petronilla, [277]
Basil of Cappadocian Cæsarea, [138]
Basilicas:—
of S. Lawrence “ad Corpus,” Popes buried in, [250]
Domitilla, [278]
Prætextatus, [247]
SS. Hermes and Basilissa, [274–5]
in Cœmeterium Majus, subterranean, [258]
in Rome, third century number and appointments of, [112]
Ruined, crypts beneath, [228]
of S. Agnes, [256–7]
of S. Cecilia, [292], [293] et seq.
of S. Felicitas, [302]
of S. Hippolytus, [251], [254]
of S. Laurence, [250], [254]
of S. Sylvester, burials in, [266] & [n. 1], [272]
When and why erected, [272]
Benson, Archbishop, on S. Cyprian, [122] & [n. 1], [127 n. 1]
Bernini, Baldacchino by, in S. Peter’s, discoveries on erection of, [233 n. 1], [280] et seq.
Bethel, the old prophet of, [321]
Bethia, Zealot headquarters, [336]
“Billicum confessionis,” nature of, that of S. Peter, [237], [282]
Bishops and Popes of Rome (see under Names), claim to be successors of S. Peter, undisputed, [16]
Catalogues of, on date of Linus’s accession, [14];
to Eleutherius, [15]
Early, buried around S. Peter, see [Papal Crypt]
Bithynia and Pontus, [57], [58], [62]
Christians in (see also [Pliny’s letter]), [27], [32], [35 n. 1], [45] et seq., [50], [71], [75], [77], [103] & [n. 2], [110], [177]
Bliss, instant, after Death, Christian hope of, [156]
“Book of Jubilees,” subject-matter of, [377], [378]
Borghesi, Cardinal, [300];
re-interment by, of S. Sebastian, [244]
Bosio, —, pioneer of Catacomb exploration, [223–4];
present at discovery of S. Cecilia’s body, [294] & [n. 1], [297]
Bourges, mention at, of S. Petronilla as S. Peter’s daughter, [278]
Brescia, relics of S. Hippolytus at, [255]
Brotherhood character of early Christianity, [38], [122–3], [270]
Builders, of Basilicas, &c., injury done by, to Catacombs, [250], [257]
Burial customs, Jewish, Christian, and Pagan, [4], [5], [131–3], [264]
Bury St. Edmunds, cult of S. Petronilla in, [278]

Cæcilian family, the, Christians and martyrs of, burial-place of, [245], [291], [296–7] & [n. 1]
Cæcilius, pagan interlocutor in Octavius of Minucius Felix, [146], [186];
arguments of, source of, [145];
contempt of, for Christians, [158];
on Christian love, [119], [129]
C. Aurelius, Censor, [233]
Caius, Bishop or Pope of Rome, burial-place of, identified, [231];
martyred relations of, [259 n. 1]
Caius, Presbyter, [282];
on the Memoriæ of the Apostles in Rome, [11]
Caligula, Emperor, and the Imperial cultus, [42 n. 1]
Callistus, Bishop or Pope of Rome, and martyr, once a slave, [136 n. 1]
Cemetery or Catacomb of, [234], [236–7], [239], [240], [242], [244–6], [251], [261]
Inscription of Damasus once in, on numbers of martyrs, [215] & [n. 1]
Papal burial-place (q.v.), [231], [245–6], [273]
Callistus group of Catacombs, [212]
Carthage, Church of (see also [S. Cyprian]), aid from, to other Churches, [131]
Literary support from, of Petrine tradition, [10–11], [13]
Plague at, charity of S. Cyprian and his flock during, [123 n. 1], [127]
“Catacombas, ad,” see [S. Sebastian]
Catacombs or Cemeteries, see also under Names of Saints, &c., and under Via, and see [Inscriptions], [Itineraries], and [Translation]
Decorations of, deductions from, [133], [147], [219], [220], [221]
Exploration of—
beginning, [223] & [n. 1]
progress, [224] et seq.
results, [219], [220–1], [224], [225], [230] et seq.
Workers, see [Bosio], [De Rossi], [Marchi], [Marucchi]
Extent and content of, [133] et seq., [220], [233] et seq.
Jewish burials in, [4]
Literature bearing on, [209–14], [226–8]
Number of, De Rossi on, [232]
Origin of, in general, [38]
Rediscovery of, [223] & [n. 1], [244]
Restorations of, by Pope Damasus, [152 n. 1]
Teaching in, passim;
on Death, [309–11]
Three oldest, [266]
Tombs in, passim
Uses of, [133], [139], [220] et alibi;
for worship, [118], [253], [258]
Witness of, to Acts of Martyrs, [81], [82]
to Christ, [308], [310], [311], [316–20] & [nn.]
to Early Christian history and tradition, [105], [111–2], [133], [163 n. 1], [209] et seq., [219–21]
Catalogues of Roman Bishops on date of Linus’s accession, [14]
Celestinus, Pope, burial-place of, [272]
Cemeteries (see also [Catacombs]), Christian names for, [155]
Cerinthian heresy, [23 n. 1]
Chair of S. Peter, long shown, [12]
Charity among Jews in Rome, [4]
Charlemagne, [278]
Christ, Sayings of, [366]
Teaching of, contrasted with Talmudic, [366–8]
With a Kid, Tertullian on, [319];
M. Arnold’s verses on, [320]
Witness to, of the Catacombs, [308], [310], [311], [316–20] & [nn.]
Christian Institutions, by Dean Stanley, on the Good Shepherd, [318] & [n. 1], [319 n. 1]
Christian, name treated as crime, [39], [189], [191]
Relatives of Emperors, [110], [112], [148], [240], [241]
Religion, powerful factor in spread of, [102–3]
Testimony to spread of Christianity, in the New Testament and after, [107–9]
Unity, its double bond of Doctrine and Love, [118–9]
Writers, early, on Numbers of Christians, [101], [208];
words cited, [103–6]
on Persecutions, &c., [36], [37], [81], [82], [163–5], [166–7], [177–91], [208];
words cited, [103–6]
Christianity, see also [Martyrs], [Persecutions], &c.
Early, connection of, with Judaism, [325]
Growth of, [37] et seq., [107], [150] & [n. 1], [151]
Importance to, of history of the Jews after the last Wars, [326] et seq.
of the Talmud, [326], [327], [348], [370] & [n. 1]
Influence on, of Rabbinical studies, [326–7]
Menace of, to Judaism after the Dispersion, [355]
Roman view of, after Jewish War of Extermination, [78], [79], [80]
Christians, see [Pliny’s Letter], see also [Idol-worship], [Incense], and [Persecutions]
Accused of burning Rome, [27];
and burned by Nero, [28–9]
Classes composing, [101], [110–12], [148], [240], [241], [291], [296–7] & [n. 1], [299], [307–8]
Discriminated from Jews, [27], [30], [92], [164], [341]
Expelled from Rome by Claudius, [25]
Fanatics among, [97]
Guerdon of the faith of, [154] et seq.
Jewish opposition to, in Rome, [18]
Life of, in early days, [33–7], [101] et seq., [78–81], [140] et seq.
Numbers of, and of Martyrs (q.v.), [28], [46 n. 1], [53], [215];
witnesses to, [82] & [n. 1], [101], [103–6]
Schools of teaching among, two, [101]
Christology of the Catacombs, [220];
of S. Paul, [23–4]
Chronicles, Book of, Haggadic expansion of, [378]
Church calendars, Martyrs first mentioned in, [208]
Church, The, in the Empire, cited, see under [Ramsay]
Church of the Propaganda, S. Hyacinthus’s remains in, [275]
Church of Rome (see also [Rome], Christians in, &c.), early importance of, [16], [17]
Cicero, the first great letter-writer, epistolary style of, [67], [71];
fashion set by, [56–7], [58], [64];
period of, [56];
popularity of, [69]
on the Jews in Rome, [3];
on Slaves, [134]
Circumcision forbidden to Jews in Rome, [335]
Civil service, Christians in, [144], [145], [148–9]
Civil War, U.S.A., causes of, [135 n. 1]
Claudian, poems of, [64]
Claudius, Emperor, [235];
expulsion by, of Jews, from Rome, [8], [18], [25];
S. Peter at Rome during reign of, [11], [12], [14]
Claudius Gothicus, Emperor, martyrs in reign of, [262], [276]
Clement of Alexandria, [179];
teaching of, [138];
writings by, see [Pædagogus];
cited in support of Petrine tradition, [10], [13];
on Christians living in the world, [146];
on Christians of wealth, [111] & [n. 1]
Clement VIII, Pope, and the finding of S. Cecilia’s body, [294], [297];
and S. Peter’s tomb, [282]
Clermont, Sidonius Apollinaris, bishop of, [66]
Clitumnus fountain, Pliny’s description of, [60]
“Clivium Cucumeris, ad,” Catacomb so called, [275]
Codex Sinaiticus, The Shepherd of Hermas included in, [179–80]
Cœlian Hill, church on, Saints buried in, [249]
“Cœmeterium Majus,” chief interest of, and other names of, [255], [ 257–8];
subterranean church in, [258]
Cœmeterium Ostrianum, [255], [257], [271]
“Cognitiones,” the, [43], [50]
Cologne, relics of S. Laurence at, [255]
Colosseum, the, martyrdoms in, [172]
Column of the Passion, at S. Zeno’s chapel, [263]
Commentaries on the Gospels, &c., by Theophilus of Antioch, [189]
Commodilla, catacomb of, [236], [238]
Commodus, Emperor, [333 n. 2];
Apology of Athenagoras addressed to, [188]
Attitude of, to Christians, [97], [147], [164], [208]
Communion of Saints, early Christian view on, [307] et seq.
Communism and the early Church, [120] & [n. 1], [130]
Constantine the Great (see also [Peace of the Church]), [197], [369]
Basilicas built by, to
S. Agnes, [256–7]
S. Paul, [237], [238]
S. Peter, [233], [237–8], [273], [279–80], [282–3]
Edict of Milan issued by, [150]
Memoria built by, to S. Laurence, [250]
Corinth, Epistles to, of S. Clement, S. Ignatius, S. Paul, and Pope Soter, see under [Epistles]
Literary support from, of Petrine tradition, [10], [13]
SS. Peter and Paul at, [10]
Cornelius, Bishop or Pope, of Rome, and martyr, tomb of, [243];
discovery of, [246]
on Almsgiving by the Roman Church, [105], [120];
on the number of the Christians at Rome, [105], [106]
Council, the, of Jerusalem, [8]
“Couples,” the, and the oral Law, [339], [340]
Crassus, Consul, [56]
Creation legends in “Book of Jubilees,” [377–8]
Cremation, not practised by Jews, [4]
Crescentius, martyr, tomb of, [266]
Cross on S. Peter’s sarcophagus, [282–3]
Cruelty, Pagan and Christian, Rutilius on, [159]
Crusaders, Itineraries for, [210], [227]
Crypts, famous, see [Acilii Glabriones Lucina], [Papal], [Platonia], [Prætextatus], SS. Cecilia, Januarius, Priscilla, Silanus, &c.
Age of, how determined, [267]
Identification of, by De Rossi, [225], [230] & [n. 1], [242]
Local indications of presence of, [228–9]
Cureton, Canon, and the Ignatian Epistles, [173 n. 1]
Cyprus, Zealot revolt in, [334–5]
Cyrene, Jews of, [346];
revolt of, [334–5]
Cyrinus, martyr, tomb of, [243]

Damasus, Pope, [263], [272], [301]
Epistle of, honouring S. Felicitas, [259]
Inscriptions of, aid of, to Catacomb explorers, [229–30];
one cited on many martyrs buried together, [215] & [n. 1]
and the Martyrs at tomb of SS. Chrysanthus and Daria, [261]
Work of, in the Catacombs, decoration, inscriptions, and epitaphs, [152 n. 1], [215] & [n. 1], [229–30], [249], [252], [275], [291–2], [296 n. 1], [297], [302], [305]
Daniel, the prophet, and Idol-worship, [149]
Book of, cited on Almsgiving, [121]
David, King, [352]
Dead, burying of, by Early Christians, [120], [131–3], [264]
Death, Christian attitude to, [154–5], [309], [311]
Pagan attitude to, [59 n. 1], [83], [313–4]
De Boissier, —, on Pliny’s letter, [46];
on the School for Martyrdom, [198 n. 1]
De Broglie, —, on Toleration shown by early Christian teachers, [142–3]
De Champagny, —, on Hadrian’s character, [77 n. 1];
on number of Jews destroyed in the last wars, [338] & [n. 2]
Decius Aurelius, Emperor, persecutions under, [40], [97], [163 n. 2], [250], [254];
martyrs in, [236];
reason for, [194]
Decoration of Catacombs, evidence from, and teaching of, [225], [267], [268], [269], [292], [301–2], [308] et seq.;
portraits among, [296];
value of, to explorers, [229]
Deissmann, Prof., on the Epistles, as written for publication, [71]
Deities associated with Rome, [87], [89]
De Rossi, G., Archæological work of, [209], [239], [246], [260], [261], [267]
Excavations and discoveries by, [12], [42], [224], [246], [247], [254], [266 n. 1], [274]
Results, [225], [230] et seq.
Value to, of Itineraries, [226] et seq., [242], [243], [246], [247]
on Acilius Glabrio, [269];
on the Acts of S. Felicitas, [300];
on Cœmeterium Majus as S. Peter’s Baptistery, [257];
on Common tombs of martyrs, [215 n. 1];
on Crypt of Lucina, [245];
on Epitaphs in the Catacombs, [310];
on the “Ostrian” Cemetery, [255], [257];
on the place of martyrdom of S. Chrysanthus, [260];
on Pudens, [265], [270];
on S. Cecilia’s burial-place, [289], [291], [292], [293 n. 1], [295–7], [298];
on scenes of S. Peter’s work, [12], [257], [267], [271];
on S. Petronilla, [277];
on S. Priscilla’s Catacomb, [261–2];
on the Tomb of Ampliatus, [241–2];
on the Tombs of Sons of S. Felicitas, [301–2]
Despots, the malady of, [26], [82]
Deuteronomy, Rabbinic claim for last verses of, [343], [364]
“Devising new things,” a crime under Domitian, [269]
Dialogue with the Jew Trypho, by Justin Martyr, [184];
on Persecution, [185–6]
Diana, worship of, [195]
Didaché, the, teachings of, [138];
on Almsgiving, [121], [123];
on Assemblies, [108];
on Hospitality, [128];
on Slaves and Masters, [135]
Dill, Prof., cited on Roman wish for posthumous remembrance, [59 n. 1]
Diocletian, Emperor, [75]
Baths of, [302]
Christian relations of, [148]
Christians at Court of, [147]
Persecutions under, [97], [163 n. 2], [236], [244], [246], [249], [266]
Martyrs in, [234], [239], [259 n. 1], [260], [276];
official records of Roman martyrdoms destroyed in his reign, [225]
Protracted, light on, from Catacombs, [231]
Reasons for, [42] & [n. 1], [194]
Severity of, reaction after, [151]
Diognetus, Letter to, by unknown writer, on Persecution, [177–8];
suggested date, [178] & [n. 1]
Dion Cassius, [75], [269];
on Domitian’s executions, [41];
on the last wars of the Jews, [338 n. 1];
on Nerva’s treatment of Christians, [171]
Dionysius, Bishop of Alexandria, on Christians at Court, [147];
on Roman generosity to other Churches, [131]
Dionysius of Corinth, cited on Alms to other Churches from Rome, [130–1];
in support of Petrine tradition, [10], [13]
Dionysius, Pope, martyr, tomb of, [243]
Docetic teaching, heresy of, [23 n. 1]
“Domine quo vadis,” Church, and legend of, [239]
Domitian, Emperor, Arch of Titus finished by, [333 n. 1]
Christian relatives of, [110], [112];
burial-place of, [240], [241]
Emperor-worship enforced by, [170]
Fate of, [42] & [n. 2], [43], [48], [171]
Persecutions under, [32], [171], [172], [173], [174], [207], [255], [269];
reasons for, and severity of, [40–2], [194]
Triumph of, [333]
Domitilla, catacomb of, [261]
Age, grandeur, and size of, [240], [266]
Basilica in, [278]
Builder of, [112]
Discovery of, [230];
and discoveries in, [239], [240–2]
Flavian tombs in, [277]
S. Petronilla buried in, [279]
Domitilla, two Princesses so named, martyred by Domitian, [41], [230]
Doulcet,—, ref. to, [300]
Dove, in Christian symbolism, [310]
Drei, Benedetto, plan by, of Vatican Cemetery (ancient), [287–8]
Dryden, John, poem by on S. Cecilia, [294 n. 1]
Duchesne,—, on Christianity as equivalent to Martyrdom, [37];
on The Shepherd of Hermas, [179] & [n. 1], [181];
on S. Cecilia’s burial-places, [293 n. 1];
term used by, for Church of Rome, [16] & [n. 1]

Eadburg, Queen, [279]
Early Christian writers and teaching on Slavery, [135], [136–7]
Ebert and others on relative dates of Tertullian and Minucius Felix, [186]
Edict against Christians issued by Nero, [32], [54];
of Milan, [150]
Education, difficulties concerning, of Early Christians, [141–2]
Église, L’, Chrétienne, ref. by Renan, on Hermas’s Shepherd, [180]
Église, L’, et l’Empire Romain, by De Broglie, on early Christian toleration, [142–3]
Egypt, see [Alexandria]
Einsiedeln, Itinerary of, cited, [212];
date, [227]
“Syllogæ” at, [230]
Elders and Judges, and the Law, [339], [349]
Elements of the Faith, by Theophilus of Antioch, [189]
Eleutherius, Bishop or Pope of Rome, burial-place of, [287];
list of predecessors of, [15]
Elisha, prophet, on Ceremonial idolatry, [149]
Emblems used in the Catacombs, [310] et alibi
Emperor-worship, [42] & [n. 1], [169], [170], [181], [194], [195]
England, crusade of, against Slavery, Lecky on, [135 n. 1]
Ephesians, Epistles to, see [Epistles]
Ephesus, the “highway of martyrs,” [173]
Epistles or Letters, anonymous, see [Diognetus], [Hebrews], [Polycarp]
Apostolic, [73–4];
on Persecution, [165], [166–7]
of New Testament writers, [70–2]
Catholic, [71], [72]
Pastoral, [72]
Patristic, on Persecution, [165], [170–6]
by Various writers, Christian and Pagan;
see also [S. Cyprian]
Barnabas, [74]
on Assemblies, [108];
on Christ’s atonement, [116–7]
tradition on, [73]
Cicero, [56–7], [58], [64], [67], [69], [71]
Dionysius of Corinth to the Roman Church, [130–1]
Fronto, to M. Aurelius, [63–4] & [n. 1], [85], [86–7]
Horace, [69 n. 1]
Julian, Emperor, to Arsacius, [123 n. 1], [128], [131]
Ovid, [69 n. 1]
Pliny the younger (q.v.), [57], [59–62]
Polycarp, [73], [125]
S. Clement of Rome,
to the Corinthians, [73]
First, [37], [104] & [n. 2], [126], [128], [165], [170–2];
teaching of, [138];
cited in support of Petrine tradition, [9]
Second, so called, [104 n. 2], [121] & [n. 1]
S. Ignatius of Antioch, [73]
Authenticity of, [165], [172–3] & [n. 1]
to Corinth, [108], [172–6]
to Ephesus, [173]
to Magnesians, [174]
to Polycarp, [108]
to Rome, [9], [37], [154], [173], [174–5], [199], [204–5]
to Tralles, [173]
S. James, meant for publication, [71];
on Assemblies, [107];
on wealthy Christians, [110];
on “pure religion,” [126]
S. John,
First, meant for publication, [71], [72]
Third, on Hospitality, [129]
S. Jude, meant for publication, [71], [72]
S. Paul, two classes of, [70–2]
to Colossians, [23–4], [70]
to Corinthians, [21]
First, [134–5];
Haggadic influence in, [379]
Second, [71]
to Ephesians, nature of, [23], [70]
to Galatians, [21], [135], [379]
to Philemon, [71], [134]
to Philippians, [23], [70], [154]
to Romans, [17], [19] & [n. 1], [21], [24], [107], [129];
Linus mentioned in, [283]
to Thessalonians, [21]
to Timothy, First and Second, [72], [379]
to Titus, [72], [135]
on the Church at Jerusalem, and its poverty, [120 n. 1], [130]
S. Paulinus of Nola to Sulpicius Severus, on his slave, [136–7]
S. Peter, First, [71], [129];
date and place of writing, [8] & [n. 1], [16], [18], [19], [51], [107], [135], [165], [166 n. 1], [167];
to whom addressed, [107]
Seneca, [57], [69], [71];
to Lucilius, [29]
Sidonius Apollinaris, [64], [66–7]
Soter, to Corinth, [104]
Theophilus of Antioch, to Autolycus, [108–9], [189]
Epitaphs (see also [Inscriptions]) in the Catacombs, Characteristics of, Christian, [154–5], [307–9];
Pagan, [154–5], [313–4]
Equality without democracy among Early Christians, [38]
Eschatologic trend of the Haggadah, [378]
Esquiline Hill, church on, [262]
Essenes, the, [330]
Europe, Christian congregations in mid-second century, [36]
Eusebian catalogue of Roman Bishops, value of, in support of Petrine tradition, [14], [15],
Armenian version of above, ib. ib.
Eusebius, Bishop or Pope of Rome, [128], [147], [187–8];
attempted exculpation by, of Trajan, [49];
burial-place of, [243];
identified, [243]
cited in support of Petrine tradition, [10], [11–12], [14];
on Almsgiving, [120], [127];
on high offices filled by Christians, [149];
on the Plague, and on Christian charity, [127];
on Pliny’s correspondence with Trajan, [45];
on Theophilus of Antioch, [189]
Evander, home of, [87]
Évangiles, Les, by Renan, cited on Pliny’s letter, [46 n. 1];
on Trajan as persecutor, [49]
Evaristus, Bishop or Pope of Rome, burial-place of, [287]
Exhortatio ad Martyrum, by Origen, [199]
Exile of the Jews, in Babylonia,
Effect of, on their character, [348], [361], [371]
Return from,
Rise of the Scribes on, [343], [356]
Talmud, origin of, coeval with, [348]
Ezra, [342], [343]