- Brayton
- Hoch
- Simon, et fils
- Livesay
- Crowe
- Gardie
- Overmand
Group IV.
Atmospheric motors.
- Otto & Langen
- Bisschop
- Gilles
- Hallevell
- Robson
- François
Carburetted Air Engines.
- Lenoir
- Forest
- Tenting
- Daimler
- Le Marcel (Cadiot)
- Durand
- De Dion-Bouton
- Bollée
- Pelloree
- Le Pygmée
- Klause
Oil Engines.
- Brayton
- Priestman
- Ragot
- Otto
- Crossley-Holt
- Niel (Atlas)
- Hornsby-Akroyd
- Grob-Capitaine
- Merlin
- Knight-Weyman
- Griffin
- Pinkney
- Levasseur
- Root
- Rationnel
- Dawson
- The “Gnome”
On page 21 we give a table embracing all the best known types of gas engines, which will also help to avoid the confusion arising from the fact that some motors exist which belong to neither one nor another, but are combinations of one or more groups. Such hybrid motors have been devised amongst others by Schweizer and Siemens. In the former the power of the explosion is used to compress a considerable volume of air, which is then used for working a compressed air engine. In the latter the gas heats a quantity of air which drives a hot-air motor. In this table we have also, specially grouped apart, engines using carburetted air (air which has been passed through a volatile spirit such as benzoline) and petroleum. The list may be found somewhat incomplete, as more than 250 gas engines have been devised and patented in the last twenty-five years; but on the other hand, many of these have been failures, and we have only included those motors which can undoubtedly be considered commercial successes. These we will now study.