[2] I have substituted the figures of 1891 for those of 1886. The former are given in the Caucasus Calendar for 1893, p. 43. [↑]

[3] Including 2743 Jews, 2150 Assyrians, and 1665 Germans and Swedes. [↑]

[4] 8 per cent must be added to these figures if it be assumed that the number of females is at least equal to that of the males. [↑]

[5] This is the official figure. I make approximately the same area measure about 23,000 square miles, allowing for curvature of the earth. [↑]

[6] See especially Ch. III. p. 68 and Ch. IV. pp. 75, 77. [↑]

[7] Consul Taylor, an unpublished Report. [↑]

[8] “The manner in which he (Tergukasoff) handled his men at Taghir on the 16th of June, when, with eight battalions, he thoroughly defeated the twelve which Mahomed Pasha opposed to him; the stubborn resistance with which he checked Mukhtar Pasha’s onslaught on the 21st at Eshek Khaliass; the gallant retreat which his half division effected in front of Ahmed Pasha’s twenty-three battalions; and, finally, his dashing flank march from Igdyr to Bayazid, and the relief of that place in front of two Turkish corps, both superior to him in numbers, stamp him a general of division of the first class. Had the Czar many more like him, this war would have been completed a month ago.” C. B. Norman (Times war correspondent), Armenia and the Campaign of 1877, London, n.d. p. 247. In most cases when Armenians enter the Russian service they Russianise their names by turning the Armenian termination -ean into the Russian -off, as Melikean into Melikoff. [↑]

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