Ararat, Mt. (Masis of the Armenians, Aghri Dagh of the Tartars), first view of from the southern slopes of Alagöz, i. 137.
It does not appear that there was an independent local tradition of the Flood, 197;
but the identification of Ararat with the mountain upon which the Ark rested may have been made by Jewish prisoners of war, ibid.
The Ararat of Scripture is the Assyrian Urardhu, ibid. and ii. 57—a geographical designation which appears to have travelled north during the course of time; the historical Urardhu or Ararat is the province around Mt. Ararat, well known as Ararat to Agathangelus and other early Armenian writers, i. 197.
Supposed vestiges of the Flood, 157.
The district has been covered within comparatively recent geological times by a lake, 317, ii. 404
The fabric of Ararat is built up by Great and Little Ararat, i. 197;
though due to eruptive volcanic action, no eruption is known to have occurred during historical period, 197, 188.
View of from the plains about Erivan, 149, 198.
Orography, 148–153, 156, 197.
Vegetation abundant on parts of the mountain, 160;
also partridges, ibid.;
but the fabric is entirely devoid of trees, the only wood being a covert of low birch, 161.
Ascent of, 167–178;
start made from the encampment at Sardar Bulakh, 167.
Three structural divisions to be distinguished in that part of the mountain between Aralykh and the summit, 170.
The great snowfield has a minimum depth of 2000 feet, 171.
The south-eastern summit attained, 176.
Temperature of the air a few feet below the summit, 177 note.
Descent to encampment of Sardar Bulakh, 179.
Best season and starting point for the ascent, 37, 199.
List of successful ascents, ibid.
View of Ararat from the summit of Sipan, ii. 336, 337
Ararat, Chasm of Akhury, see under Akhury
Ararat, Monastery of St. Jacob, i. 184
Ararat, Little, i. 149, 150, 160–168 and Fig. 33, 197, 199, 436
Araxes river (Aras, Egri Chai), sources of on the Bingöl Dagh, ii. 374 and [Fig. 194];
its course through Armenia, ii. 379, 251, 190, 192 seq., i. 138, 146, 154, 201, 317 seq., 416, 436, 444, ii. 406, and see Bingöl Su
Araxes, plain of the (district of Ararat), i. 130, 137, 138, 146, 154, 201, 206, 317 seq. 444.
Elevation, 146.
Tradition that it was the seat of Paradise, 318
Archelaus, Bishop of Karkhar, author of a disputation with Mani, was probably bishop of a see not far from Van, i. 279 and note 3.
Adoptionist theory, 281
Ardabil, town in Persia, i. 366, 387, 435 note
Ardahan, town and district in Northern Armenia, i. 443; 66 note 1, 430, 431, 432, 437, 438, 439
Ardahan river, see Kur