[355] He was crowned emperor in 1220 by Honorius III, the successor of Innocent.
[356] Some authorities deny his authorship of this letter. See A. L. Smith’s Church and State in the Middle Ages.
[357] Perhaps parchment, rather than leather. Such promises on parchment were also used by the Carthaginians. Was Frederick’s money an inheritance from an old tradition living on in Sicily since Carthaginian times?—E. B.
[358] Encyclopædia Britannica, art. “Frederick II.”
[359] In relation to this section, see the chapter on the “Unity of the Middle Ages” in F. S. Marvin’s Unity of Western Civilization.
[360] See Paul Sabatier’s Vie de S. Francois d’Assise (English trans. by Houghton).
[361] Encyclopædia Britannica, art. “Dominic.”
[362] J. H. Robinson.
[363] Sir Mark Sykes, The Caliphs’ Last Heritage.
[364] Sir Mark Sykes, The Caliphs’ Last Heritage.