15. A. Pillet, Studien zur Pastourelle, Breslau, 1902. Römer, Die volkstümlichen Dichtungsarten der altprovenzalischen Lyrik, Marburg, 1884.
16. Quae judicia de litteris fecerint Provinciales. P. Andraud, Paris, 1902.
17. From Si'm sentis fizels amics, quoted by Dante, De Vulg. El. i. 9.
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18. "Paubre motz"; also interpreted as "scanty words," i.e. poems with short lines. On Jaufre Rudel in literature, see a lecture by Carducci, Bologna 1888. The latest theory of his mysterious love is that she was the Virgin Mary; see C. Appel, Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen, cvii. 3-4.
19. Mahn, Gedichte, no. 707. An edition of Bernard de Ventadour's poems is in preparation by Prof. Appel.
CHAPTER V