Disease in plants

by H. Marshall Ward

• Absorption by roots, [49].
• Absorption of energy, [23].
• Absorption of light, [27].
• Absorption of water, [50].
• Abutilon, [183].
• Acarus, [88].
• Accessory buds, [259].
• Acer, [214].
• Acid gases, [181], [191].
• Acids, [130], [136].
• Acquired characters, [283].
• Acrostalagmus, [238].
• Action of the environment, [271].
• Adaptation, [176].
• Adapted races, [177].
• Adonis, [220].
• Adventitious buds, [224], [225], [257], [260].
• Æcidium, [88], [114], [116], [187], [188], [189], [217], [223], [225], [232], [247], [252].
• Aeration, [104].
• Aerobic organisms, [57].
• Aetiology, [89], [100].
• Agaricus melleus, [115], [143], [145], [234].
• Agents of disease, [113].
• Aglaospora, [223].
• Agriculture, [65].
• Agricultural Chemistry, [2].
• Ajuga, [217].
• Albinism, [179], [182], [183], [186].
• Alder, [207], [219].
• Aleurone layer, [173].
• Algae, [215].
• Allium, [258].
• Almond, [168].
• Alnus, [214].
• Aloe, [134], [161].
• Alpine plants, [250], [279].
• American blight, [164], [219].
• American vines, [155], [169], [172].
• Amides, [31].
• Amoeba, [144].
• Amount of energy stored, [25].
• Amygdalin, [173].
• Anabaena, [128].
• Anaerobic bacteria, [58], [237].
• Anagallis, [261].
• Analyses, [65].
• Analyses of waters, [58].
• Anemone, [247].
• Animals, [99], [108], [142], [207].
• Antennaria, [232].
• Anthonomos, [249].
• Anthrax, [144].
• Antiseptics, [162].
• Ants, [232].
• Aphis, [88], [109], [161], [165], [188], [213], [214], [232], [241], [253].
• Aphrophora, [233].
• Apogamy, [257], [261].
• Aporia Crataegi, [187].
• Apospory, [257], [261].
• Apple, [170], [171], [187], [189], [192], [206], [217], [218], [219], [223], [226], [231], [233], [248], [249], [253], [254].
• Apricot, [188], [206].
• Apricots, [234].
• Area of root-surface, [37], [39].
• Arisarum, [188].
• Aristolochia, [259].
• Aroids, [113].
• Arrest of growth, [246].
• Arsenic, [162].
• Artificial wounds, [194].
• Ascomycetes, [189], [217], [269].
• Ascochyta, [190].
• Ash, [182], [223], [225], [251].
• Asparagus, [180], [230], [251], [252].
• Aspergillus, [231].
• Aspergillus niger, [58].
• Aspidiotus, [187].
• Assimilation, [8], [21], [133], [271], [275], [277], [285], [286].
• Assimilates, [274].
• Atmosphere, [1], [99].
• Atmospheric influences, [101].
• Atrophy, [246], [247], [266].
• Attractive substances, [136].
• Aucuba, [264].
• Autumnal colouring, [191].
• Autumnal fall, [93].
• Avalanches, [106].
• Bacteria, [102], [133], [143], [168], [173], [176], [182], [190], [200], [216], [219], [223], [227], [231], [236], [237].
• Bacteriosis, [227].
• Barberry, [176].
• Bark boring, [204], [205].
• Bark-beetles, [205].
• Barley, [176], [248].
• Barrenness, [246], [249].
• Bats, [244].
• Bean, [188], [190], [191], [268].
• Beech, [192], [222], [223], [225], [233], [240], [242], [254], [269].
• Beech Miner, [208].
• Bees, [142], [143], [164].
• Beet, [192], [216], [219], [230].
• Beet-rot, [230].
• Beetles, [110], [143], [145], [205], [206], [207], [248], [254].
• Berkeley, [85].
• Bilberries, [116], [142], [217], [218], [248].
• Biology of soil, [56], [102].
• Birch, [207], [218], [224].
• Birds, [108], [144], [164], [166].
• Bird's-eye Maple, [224].
• Black spots on leaves, [186], [189], [191].
• Bladders, [218].
• Blemish, [198].
• Blights, [86], [104], [179].
• Blisters, [230].
• Blue rays, [21].
• Bombyx, [187], [218].
• Bordeaux mixture, [162].
• Boring, [204].
• Botrytis, [131], [132], [136], [175], [230], [231], [243], [288].
• Boussingault, [5], [10].
• Bouvardia, [260].
• Bramble, [112].
• Branch stumps, [194], [199].
• Brand, [240].
• Breeding, [78].
• Briars, [113].
• Broom-rapes, [265].
• Browning, [122], [186], [235].
• Brown spots, [186], [189], [190], [191].
• Browsing, [244].
• Bruchus, [248].
• Bruises, [194], [203], [240], [241].
• Bryony, [112].
• Bryophyllum, [260].
• Bud galls, [219].
• Bud variations, [92], [93].
• Bulb diseases, [227].
• Buried objects, [211], [269].
• Burning, [191].
• Burning-glass effect, [192].
• Burrows, [204], [205].
• Burrs, [222], [223], [224].
• Bursting of fruits, [227], [230].
• Butterflies, [145].
• Bye-products, [276].
• Cabbage, [253].
• Cabbage moth, [208].
• Caeoma, [252].
• Caesalpinia, [233].
• Calcium, [272].
• Calcium oxalate, [138].
• Calla, [183].
• Calliandra, [233].
• Callus, [119], [120], [124], [139], [140], [196], [197], [199], [201], [202], [210], [241], [260], [263], [269].
• Calyptospora, [116], [217].
• Cambium, [120], [196], [199], [222].
• Camellia, [187].
• Cancer, [127].
• Canker, [87], [222], [223], [241].
• Capnodium, [232].
• Capsella, [116], [175], [252].
• Carbohydrates, [16], [17], [20], [34], [122], [184], [272], [273], [277].
• Carbolic acid, [162].
• Carbon, [272].
• Carbon assimilation, [8], [10], [28], [106].
• Carbon-bisulphide, [163].
• Cardinal points, [288].
• Carrot, [164].
• Carpocapsa, [207].
• Cast branches, [123].
• Castor oil, [172].
• Caterpillars, [109], [164], [207], [208], [244], [254], [259].
• Cats, [164].
• Cattle, [108].
• Cauliflowers, [247], [250].
• Causes of disease, [89], [99], [108], [159], [278], [282].
• Cecidia, [212].
• Cecidomyia, [182], [213], [214], [218], [219], [254].
• Celery, [180], [230].
• Cell contents, [168].
• Cell-protoplasm, [279], [280], [290].
• Cellulose, [132], [277], [286].
• Celosia, [250].
• Centaurea, [188].
• Centhorhynchus, [219].
• Cephaleuros, [188].
• Cephus, [248].
• Cercis, [259].
• Cercospora, [190].
• Cereals, [248].
• Change of conditions, [78].
• Charlock, [165].
• Checks to disease, [166].
• Chemical analysis, [32], [64], [103], [272].
• Chemical antiseptics, [159].
• Chemical energy, [29], [287].
• Chemotactic phenomena, [72], [130], [135], [137].
• Chermes, [153], [223].
• Cherry, [208], [209], [231], [234], [235], [247], [248].
• Chestnut, [190].
• Chlorine, [181].
• Chlorophyll, [19], [106], [122].
• Chlorophyll action, [184], [192].
• Chlorophyll corpuscles, [9], [18], [22].
• Chlorosis, [122], [165], [179], [180], [181].
• Chrysanthemum, [243], [252].
• Chytridiaceae, [127], [136], [189], [208].
• Cicada, [235].
• Cicatrix, [123].
• Cinchona, [168], [172], [173].
• Circulation of carbon, [62].
• Circulation of nitrogen, [62].
• Citrus, [168].
• Clasterosporium, [188], [209].
• Classification of diseases, [99], [101], [120].
• Claviceps, [232].
• Climate, [1].
• Climbing plants, [112], [113], [210].
• Clostridium, [236], [237].
• Clothes, [142].
• Clover, [164], [187], [249], [252], [288].
• Cluster-cups, [188].
• Coal gas, [104], [182].
• Coccideae, [164], [232].
• Coccus, [223].
• Coffee leaf-disease, [114], [146], [166], [169], [242].
• Coleophora, [153], [206].
• Coleosporium, [169].
• Coleus, [192], [220].
• Competition of fungi, [61].
• Complex interactions, [91], [99].
• Conifers, [125], [205], [223], [225], [234], [258].
• Constitution, [156], [283].
• Consumption, [248].
• Contact irritability, [125], [135].
• Contagium fluidum vivum, [183].
• Contortions, [252].
• Convallaria, [175].
• Convolvulus, [112].
• Copaifera, [234].
• Copper sulphate, [162], [165].
• Coppery leaves, [191].
• Cork, [119], [123], [194], [199], [216], [222].
• Cork wings, [217].
• Corky warts, [212].
• Corn, [248].
• Corrosion of marble, [46].
• Cossus, [206].
• Cost of epidemics, [146], [147].
• Cotton, [172].
• Crassula, [253].
• Creeping of mycelia, [142].
• Crepis, [252].
• Crimson spots, [189].
• Cross-breeding, [266].
• Cross-fertilisation, [69], [74], [77], [281].
• Cross-graining, [124].
• Crucifers, [219], [284].
• Cryptogams, [87], [108], [111], [113].
• Cuckoo-spit, [233].
• Cucullate leaves, [253].
• Cucumber, [219].
• Cucurbitaria, [217], [243].
• Cultivation of pest and host plant, [168].
• Curculio, [248].
• Curling, [235], [246].
• Cuscuta, [134].
• Cuts, [119], [143], [194].
• Cuttings, [194], [198], [262], [263].
• Cyanide of potassium, [165].
• Cycads, [128].
• Cynips, [110], [213], [219].
• Cystopus, [116], [136], [175], [187], [217], [247], [252].
• Cytases, [132].
• Cytisus Adami, [264], [283].
• Daisy, [278].
• Damping off, [114], [144], [160], [229], [284].
• Dandelion, [247], [252].
• Daniel's researches, [283].
• Dark heat rays, [27].
• Darwin, [72], [125].
• Dasyscypha Willkommii, [152], [223].
• Death, [271], [272], [287], [290].
• De Bary, [85], [151].
• Deficiency of iron, [180].
• Defoliation, [109], [240], [244].
• Deformation, [132].
• Dematium, [135].
• Dematophora, [143], [145].
• Denitrification, [62].
• Derivation of Phytopathology, [85].
• Destruction, [275].
• Development of root-hairs, [40].
• Dextrine, [173].
• Diagnosis, [85], [89].
• Diastases, [132].
• Diffusion, [53].
• Digestion, [133].
• Digraphis, [175].
• Dilophia, [188].
• Dionaea, [125].
• Dipsacus, [252].
• Diptera, [207].
• Dis-assimilation, [275], [277], [286].
• Discolorations, [179], [186], [192].
• Disease, [64], [91], [271], [272], [277], [287], [288], [290].
• Disease dodging, [168].
• Disease-fungi, [189].
• Disease of organs, [119].
• "Disease-proof" varieties, [168], [169], [171], [173], [177].
• Disease-resisting varieties, [177].
• Diseases of absorptive organs, [121].
• Diseases of assimilatory organs, [119].
• Diseases of bark, [120].
• Diseases of cambium, [120].
• Diseases of parenchyma, [120].
• Diseases of respiratory organs, [119], [121].
• Disintegration, [275].
• Distortions, [140], [246], [251], [252], [253].
• Dissemination of fungi, [142].
• Division, [127].
• Dodder, [113].
• Dolium, [134].
• Dormant buds, [224], [225], [257], [259], [260].
• Double flowers, [247], [256].
• Double ideals in selection, [168].
• Dracaena, [192].
• Drainage, [103].
• Drawing, [106], [180].
• Drip, [103].
• Drooping, [43], [179].
• Drops of water, [192].
• Dropsy, [228].
• Drought, [121], [183], [190], [191], [245], [248], [249].
• Dry-rot, [143], [237].
• Ducks, [144].
• Dutrochet, [7].
• Dwarfing, [246], [249].
• "Dying back," [190], [240], [242], [243], [244].
• Earwigs, [164], [207].
• Eau Céleste, [162].
• Edelfäule, [230].
• Eelworms, [111], [248].
• Effects of environment, [262].
• Eggs of insects, [187].
• Elaborated sap, [94].
• Elm, [218], [224], [225], [233], [260].
• Empusa, [163].
• Endemic diseases, [153], [160], [166].
• Endive, [180].
• Endophytes, [130].
• Endophytic algae, [128].
• Endophytic fungi, [193].
• Energy in plants, [15], [25], [287].
• Engelmann, [20], [27].
• Entyloma, [187].
• Enzymes, [10], [130], [132], [136].
• Epichloë, [218].
• Epicormic shoots, [224], [257], [260].
• Epidemics, [108], [109], [113], [115], [142], [153], [160], [163], [166].
• Epiphytes, [113], [130], [135], [137].
• Epiphytic algae, [188].
• Epiphytic fungi, [161], [193], [232].
• Equisetum, [113].
• Ergot, [131], [142], [144].
• Erineum, [88], [212], [214], [215].
• Erosions, [204], [207].
• Erysipheae, [135], [142], [161], [187], [268].
• Essentials of fertilisation, [69].
• Estimates of loss, [146].
• Etiolation, [106], [179], [180], [229].
• Euphorbia, [116], [134], [247], [266].
• Excavations, [204].
• Excess of food, [229].
• Excess of minerals, [102].
• Excess of water, [100].
• Excessive growth, [246].
• Excessive nutrition, [250].
• Excrescences, [114], [212], [222].
• Excreta, [45], [130], [133].
• Exobasidium, [128], [218].
• Exoascus, [116], [128], [188], [208], [214], [218], [225], [247], [253].
• Expense of materials, [161].
• Experiments necessary, [168].
• Exposure of roots, [179], [184].
• External causes of disease, [99].
• Extinction of species, [91].
• Exudations, [227].
• Exudation under pressure, [51].
• Factors of an epidemic, [149], [165].
• Falling of fruit, [206].
• Falling leaves, [123].
• False chlorosis, [181].
• False etiolation, [180].
• Farfugium, [188].
• Fasciations, [230], [246], [251].
• Fats, [272], [286].
• Feeding, [14], [16].
• Fermentation, [58], [102], [130], [233].
• Ferns, [113], [247], [260], [261].
• Fertilisation, [71].
• Field-mice, [164].
• Figs, [113].
• Finger and toe, [114], [127], [163].
• Fire, [240].
• Flaming, [164].
• Flattened roots, [246], [252].
• Fleshiness, [228].
• Flies, [86], [110], [142], [143], [145].
• Flux, [227], [231].
• Flying foxes, [244].
• Focussing of solar rays, [192].
• Foliage, [110].
• Fontaria, [134].
• Food, [18].
• Forest-fires, [241].
• Formic-aldehyde, [20].
• Foul products, [100].
• Foxy leaves, [191].
• Freezing, [121], [183].
• Frit fly, [182].
• Frost, [153], [160], [225], [229], [248], [249].
• Frost-beds, [243].
• Frost-blisters, [212], [218].
• Frost canker, [222].
• Frost-cracks, [204], [209], [242].
• Frost-patches, [240].
• Frost-ridge, [209].
• Fumago, [190], [232].
• Fumes, [104].
• Functions of roots, [43], [45].
• Functional depression, [96].
• Fungi, [89], [108], [143], [174], [189], [200], [205], [207], [208], [212], [216], [219], [223], [229], [231], [233], [238], [240], [241], [243], [248], [251], [255], [258], [265], [267], [283], [284], [288].
• Fungus attacks, [139].
• Fungus galls, [219].
• Fusarium, [143], [238].
• Fusicladium, [189].
• Fusisporium, [237].
• Gagea, [258].
• Gall-apple, [218].
• Gall-flies, [219].
• Gall-insect, [139].
• Gall-like swellings, [128].
• Galls, [86], [110], [120], [130], [138], [212], [214], [218], [255].
• Gangrene, [231].
• Garreya, [264].
• Gas, [160].
• Gases in soil, [104].
• Gastropacha, [225].
• Gelatine, [163].
• General death, [116].
• General disease, [119], [120].
• Germ-plasm, [267].
• Gesneria, [260].
• Glechoma, [218].
• Gloeosporium, [189], [190], [208].
• Gloxinia, [260].
• Goats, [164].
• Gooseberry, [217].
• Graft-hybrids, [262], [267], [271], [283].
• Grafting, [78], [155], [169], [183], [250], [262], [271], [281].
• Grain-rust, [146].
• Grapes, [192], [230], [231].
• Grapholitha, [109], [207].
• Grass, [111], [189], [190], [205], [218], [233].
• Green fly, [161].
• Grew, [85].
• Greyish spots, [187].
• Growth, [271], [274], [275], [286].
• Grubs, [110], [207].
• Gumming, [235].
• Gummosis, [227], [234], [235].
• Gymnosporangium, [114], [176], [223].
• Hail, [106], [240], [241].
• Hales, [85].
• Haltica, [209].
• Hardy varieties, [168], [170], [177].
• Haustoria, [134], [135], [136].
• Healing, [194], [196].
• Healing by cork, [123].
• Health, [272], [287].
• Health and disease, [91], [97], [287].
• Heliotropism, [126].
• Hemileia, [146], [169].
• Heredity, [72], [283].
• Herpotrichia, [135], [190].
• Hessian Fly, [182].
• Heterodora, [219], [220].
• Hieracium, [112].
• History of Phytopathology, [85].
• Holdfast of roots, [42].
• Hollyhock disease, [143].
• Holly, [217].
• Honey dew, [144], [227], [232], [233].
• Hops, [162], [187], [191], [232], [253].
• Hop-aphis, [146].
• Hop-disease, [166].
• Hop mildew, [161].
• Hormomyia, [219].
• Hornbeam, [224], [233], [242].
• Horse-radish, [260].
• Host, [284], [285].
• Hyacinth, [231], [261].
• Hyacinth disease, [143].
• Hybrids, [69], [156], [281].
• Hybridisation, [69], [75], [169], [266], [281].
• Hydrochloric acid, [181].
• Hydrogen, [272].
• Hymenomycetes, [206].
• Hypertrophy, [119], [127], [139], [213], [215], [247], [266].
• Hypochaeris, [112].
• Hypomyces, [237].
• Hyponomeuta, [254].
• Ice, [184], [209].
• Ichneumon-flies, [165].
• Icterus, [181].
• Illegitimate unions, [265].
• Immunity, [155], [156], [165], [168], [169].
• Impervious subsoil, [181].
• Inarching, [269].
• Increase in dry weight, [23].
• Indian agriculture, [172].
• Indian wheats, [168].
• Indispensability of elements, [278].
• Infection, [262], [265], [267].
• Ingredients of protoplasm, [272].
• Insect bites, [225].
• Insect diseases, [145], [146], [154], [189].
• Insect punctures, [88].
• Insects, [89], [98], [108], [109], [120], [138], [142], [153], [174], [187], [194], [203], [205], [206], [207], [208], [212], [223], [229], [241], [244], [248], [251], [254], [255], [258], [259], [269].
• Insolation, [180], [242].
• Intercellular endophytes, [136], [137].
• Intercellular mycelium, [128].
• Interference, [91].
• Internal causes of disease, [99], [101].
• Intracellular parasites, [127], [136].
• Intramolecular respiration, [277].
• Intumescences, [212], [215].
• Inulin, [11], [17].
• Invertebrata, [108].
• Irritability, [125], [127].
• Irritation, [119], [139].
• Isaria, [163].
• Ivy, [113], [165].
• Japanese trees, [250].
• Jerusalem Artichoke, [264].
• Juncus, [219].
• Juniper, [114].
• Kidney bean, [192].
• Knauers, [223].
• Knife wounds, [194], [195].
• Labour, [161].
• Lace-wings, [165].
• Lachnus, [223].
• Lady-birds, [164], [165].
• Lammas shoots, [257], [259].
• Larch, [168], [171].
• Larch disease, [115], [149], [152], [166], [171], [223], [241].
• Larvae, [110].
• Lateral wounds, [132].
• Lawns, [112].
• Laying of wheat, [179], [180].
• Leaf-curl, [236], [253].
• Leaf-diseases, [114], [119], [120], [242].
• Leaf-galls, [217], [218].
• Leaf-miner, [86], [109], [204].
• Leaf perforations, [208].
• Leaf rolling, [214], [246], [254].
• Leaf-spots, [114], [190].
• Leguminoseae, [137], [219].
• Lemons, [235].
• Lenticels, [217].
• Lepidoptera, [187].
• Leptosphaeria, [249].
• Lichens, [137].
• Liebig, [4].
• Life, [271], [285], [287].
• Life and death, [271].
• Light, [27], [106].
• Lily disease, [143].
• Lime, [163], [215], [218], [232], [253], [254], [260], [269].
• Limes, [172].
• Limits of variation, [287].
• Linaria, [252].
• Liquid antiseptics, [160], [161], [162].
• Living environment, [99], [108].
• Local action, [114].
• Local disease, [119], [121].
• Locusts, [109], [145], [163], [164].
• Longicorns, [205].
• Loranthus, [113], [245], [265].
• Losses due to epidemics, [142].
• Lowering of temperature, [100].
• Lucerne, [249].
• Lurking parasites, [142], [145].
• Lychnis, [232].
• Lyonetra, [206].
• Lysimachia, [217].
• Machine, plant compared to a, [79].
• Magnesium, [272].
• Maize, [116], [173], [219], [267].
• Majanthemum, [175].
• Malformations, [116], [130], [131], [246], [251].
• Mal nero, [190].
• Mallow, [252].
• Malpighi, [85].
• Mammals, [142].
• Man and plants, [108], [142], [143].
• Manna, [227], [235].
• Manna Ash, [235].
• Maple, [259].
• Maximum, [288].
• Maximum absorption, [19].
• Maximum assimilation, [19].
• Maximum temperature, [105].
• Mealy bug, [164].
• Melampsora, [176].
• Melon, [220].
• Messmates, [63].
• Metabolic products, [274].
• Metabolism, [23], [127], [271].
• Metabolites, [278].
• Metallic compounds, [162].
• Mice, [108], [163].
• Microbes, [227].
• Micro-organisms, [183].
• Mildew, [86], [164].
• Millardet, [169].
• Mineral salts, [101].
• Miniature trees, [250].
• Minimum, [288].
• Minimum temperature, [105].
• Misconceptions, [12].
• Mistletoe, [113], [265].
• Mites, [192], [214], [255].
• Mixed species, [166].
• Molecular structure of protoplasm, [273], [274].
• Mongrel forms, [74].
• Monilia, [217], [231].
• Monstrosities, [246].
• Moraine plants, [250].
• Moths, [110], [145], [206].
• Moulds, [230], [231], [237], [243].
• Mucor, [230], [231].
• Mulberry, [244].
• Mutilations, [252].
• Mycelial strands, [145].
• Mycelium, [188].
• Mycocecidia, [219].
• Mycorrhiza, [137].
• Myrtaceae, [258].
• Mytilaspis, [187].
• Natural checks, [159].
• Natural demise, [91], [93].
• Natural Grafts, [269].
• Natural Selection, [72], [99], [167], [286].
• Natural Wounds, [204].
• Nature of soil, [57].
• Necrosis, [240], [241], [243].
• Nectria, [145], [217], [223], [241], [243], [269].
• Nematodes, [111], [134], [139], [219], [220].
• Nettle, [116], [252].
• Neurotus, [219].
• New formations, [255].
• Nitrate, [273].
• Nitrification, [62], [102].
• Nitrogen, [272].
• Nodosities, [219].
• Nodules on roots, [63], [137].
• Non-living environment, [99].
• Notommata, [140].
• Nuclear fusion, [267].
• Nuclear protoplasm, [271], [279], [280], [290].
• Nuclear substance, [71].
• Nucleo-plasm, [280].
• Nuts, [248].
• Oak, [110], [188], [215], [218], [219], [223], [233].
• Oak leaf-roller, [254].
• Oat, [176].
• Occlusion, [200], [201], [222], [223].
• Odours, [144].
• Œdema, [228].
• Olive, [223].
• Onion, [231].
• Oniscus, [182].
• Oospora, [216].
• Optimum temperature, [105], [288].
• Orange, [173], [187], [235], [247].
• Orange-coloured spots, [187].
• Orchard trees, [163].
• Orchestes, [206].
• Orchids, [113], [266].
• Organic acids, [50].
• Organisation, [89].
• Organised structure, [13].
• Organisms in soil, [60].
• Orobanche, [112].
• Osmosis, [26], [29], [46].
• Osmotic pressures, [18], [41], [52].
• Over-crowding, [104], [111].
• Over-feeding, [102].
• Over-watering, [97].
• Oxalic acid, [134], [136].
• Oxidation, [124].
• Oxygen, [104], [272].
• Oxygen-respiration, [12], [64].
• Pallor, [179], [180].
• Palms, [192].
• Pangium, [134], [165].
• Parasites, [61], [113], [119], [130], [139], [174], [187], [230], [265], [269], [284].
• Parasitic algae, [188], [217], [219].
• Parasitic bacteria, [163].
• Parasitic diseases, [88], [119], [121].
• Parasitic epiphyte, [136].
• Parasitic fungi, [87], [97].
• Parasitism, [262], [264], [268], [271].
• Paris, [175].
• "Paris green," [162].
• Parti-coloured leaves, [191].
• Parti-coloured spots, [186].
• Pasture grasses, [69].
• Pathology, [121], [257].
• Pathology of cell, [119].
• Pathological conditions, [168], [170], [246].
• Pea, [190], [191], [206], [208], [248], [268].
• Peach, [170], [253].
• Pear, [179], [187], [189], [191], [216], [218], [231], [240], [248], [249], [253], [257].
• Pedigree wheats, [69].
• Pelargonium, [198], [253].
• Peloria, [252].
• Penicillium, [231].
• Peridermium Pini, [223], [234].
• Periola, [238].
• Permanganate, [162].
• Peronospora, [136], [160], [175], [187], [189], [208].
• Petasites, [188].
• Petroleum, [162].
• Peziza, [115], [144], [152].
• Phanerogams, [108], [111].
• Phellomyces, [238].
• Phoma, [217], [243].
• Phosphorus, [272].
• Photo-synthesis, [11], [16].
• Phragmidium, [189].
• Phyllachora, [189].
• Phyllereum, [253].
• Phyllobium, [217].
• Phyllosiphon, [188].
• Phyllosticta, [188], [209].
• Phylloxera, [110], [145], [149], [154], [155], [163], [166], [172], [188], [219], [220], [268].
• Physiology, [1], [66], [85].
• Physiological diseases, [119], [121].
• Phytomyza, [206].
• Phytopathology, [85].
• Phytophthora, [115], [136], [144], [150], [151], [235], [236].
• Phytophysa, [219].
• Phytoptus, [189], [213], [214], [215], [218], [219], [253], [254].
• Pilea, [219].
• Pilobolus, [126], [140].
• Pines, [183], [223], [234], [251], [252].
• Pine-apple, [258].
• Pith flecks, [204], [207].
• Plant as agent of disease, [99], [108].
• Plant, agricultural chemistry of, [1].
• Plant and its food, [7].
• Plant and its surroundings, [1].
• Plant, a machine, [1], [15].
• Plant, central object of study, [1].
• Plant, physiology, [1].
• Plantago, [257].
• Plantain, [112], [257].
• Plants, dying out of, [93].
• Plasmodia, [163].
• Plasmodiophora, [114], [126], [127], [144], [163], [219], [284], [285].
• Plasmolysis, [47].
• Pleospora, [236].
• Pleotrachelus, [126], [140].
• Plum, [171], [189], [192], [209], [214], [206], [231], [235], [248], [249], [260].
• Poa, [258].
• Pocket-like galls, [155], [214], [218].
• Pocket-plums, [214].
• Pockets, [253].
• Poison, [102], [130], [136], [163], [216].
• Poisonous gases, [181], [248].
• Pollen grain, [288].
• Pollination, [248], [262], [265], [266], [271].
• Polydesmus, [236].
• Polygonatum, [175].
• Polygonum, [258].
• Polymorphism, [174].
• Polyporei, [142].
• Polyporus, [143], [206].
• Polystigma, [189].
• Poplar, [188], [206], [215], [218], [254].
• Post and epidemics, [142].
• Potassium, [272].
• Potassium sulphite, [162].
• Potato, [162], [171], [194], [209], [216], [236], [237], [258].
• Potato-disease, [114], [143], [149], [150], [166], [189], [207], [235].
• Powders, antiseptic, [159], [160], [161].
• Predisposition to disease, [98], [99], [105], [168], [169], [229], [262], [268], [277], [278], [282].
• Preventible diseases, [159].
• Preventitious buds, [259].
• Prolepsis, [257], [259].
• Proliferations, [257], [258].
• Properties of soil, [57].
• Prophylactic measures, [160].
• Proteids, [132], [138], [272], [277], [286].
• Proteolytic enzymes, [132].
• Protomyces, [217].
• Protoplasmic molecules, [276], [278], [286].
• Protoplasm, [33], [41], [271], [272], [274], [276].
• Pruning, [105], [143], [194], [225], [250].
• Prussic acid, [163], [165], [173].
• Psylla, [253].
• Puccinia, [88], [114], [169], [175], [176], [188], [189], [247], [252].
• Puckers, [214], [235], [246], [253].
• Puffing of spores, [142], [144].
• Punctures, [212].
• Pure culture, [166].
• Purple-black spots, [191].
• Pustules, [188], [190], [212], [217].
• Putrefaction, [234].
• Pyrethrum, [161].
• Pyrus, [214].
• Pythium, [114], [119], [136], [144], [160], [230].
• Quassia, [161].
• Quinine, [173].
• Rabbits, [108], [142], [164], [194].
• Rain trees, [233].
• Rankness, [97], [227], [228].
• Rats, [108], [163].
• Rays of light, [18].
• Red light, [21].
• Red spider, [161], [187], [188], [192].
• Red spots, [188], [253].
• References in Bible, [85].
• Remedial measures, [89].
• Repellent substances, [136].
• Reproduction, [72], [281].
• Reserves, [274].
• Resin, [125].
• Resin-flux, [234].
• Resinosis, [227], [234].
• Resistance to disease, [155], [268].
• Resistant races, [172].
• Respiration, [17], [31], [130], [271], [275], [276], [285], [287].
• Reversions, [73].
• Rhinanthoideae, [265].
• Rhinanthus, [112].
• Rhizobium, [289].
• Rhizoctonia, [238].
• Rhizomorph, [145].
• Rhododendron, [218].
• Rhubarb, [180], [230].
• Rhynchitis, [254].
• Rhytisma, [188].
• Ribbon grass, [183].
• Ribes, [214].
• Rice, [172].
• Rimpau's experiments, [69], [73], [77].
• Ringing, [194], [201], [202], [210].
• Ripened wood, [243].
• Robinia, [259].
• Rodents, [109].
• Roestelia, [217].
• Rolled leaves, [86].
• Root, [9], [35], [96], [120], [227], [270].
• Root-absorption, [181].
• Root-diseases, [119], [120].
• Root-excretions, [46].
• Root-fusions, [262].
• Root-galls, [221].
• Root-hairs, [34], [102], [163].
• Root-nodules, [212], [219].
• Root-parasites, [112], [265].
• Root-rot, [230].
• Roses, [232], [243], [257], [268], [278].
• Rosettes, [225].
• Rot, [97], [182], [227], [229], [231], [236].
• Rotation of crops, [69], [166].
• Rotifer, [140].
• Rot-organisms, [200].
• Rotting of wounds, [87].
• Rouen law, [85].
• Rushes, [114].
• Rust, [122], [142], [171], [172], [175], [191].
• Rye, [176], [248].
• Saccharomyces, [60].
• Sachs, [7], [36].
• Salvia, [214].
• San José scale, [187].
• Sand-blast action, [184].
• Sandy soils, [184].
• Saperda, [205].
• Saprophytes, [135], [137], [175], [234], [243], [244].
• Scab, [189], [216].
• Scale, [187].
• Schinzia, [114].
• Schizoneura, [223].
• Scion, [183], [262], [264], [266], [282].
• Scleroderris, [223].
• Sclerotia, [143].
• Schwarz, [39].
• Sclerotinia, [142], [143], [144], [231], [248], [249], [288].
• Scolytidae, [205].
• Scorching, [240], [241].
• Scurf, [216].
• Sea-kale, [261].
• Secale, [76].
• Secretions, [130], [133], [173], [274].
• Sedges, [189].
• Seedless grapes, [247].
• Selandria, [208].
• Selection, [69], [74], [78], [169].
• Selective absorption, [53], [65].
• Self-fertilisation, [281].
• Semi-parasites, [112].
• Senecio, [188].
• Sensitive plant, [125].
• Septoria, [114], [187].
• Sewage waters, [59].
• Sexual act, [72].
• Shaded foliage, [113].
• Shanking, [246], [249].
• Shoots from old wood, [260].
• Shot holes, [204], [208], [209].
• Silver fir, [224].
• Silver leaf, [192].
• Sirex, [206].
• Skeleton leaves, [204], [207].
• Slime flux, [227], [233].
• Slime fungus, [219].
• Slugs, [111], [164], [207], [269].
• Smut, [117], [143], [162], [190].
• Snails, [111], [142], [207].
• Snow, [106].
• Soap, as insecticide, [161].
• Soil, [1], [42], [99], [102], [142], [163].
• Soil-bacteria, [60].
• Soil-filtration, [59].
• Soil-organisms, [61], [143].
• Solar energy, [135].
• Somato-plasm, [267].
• Sooty moulds, [135], [190], [232].
• Sorbus, [207].
• Sorosporium, [216].
• Sour-rot, [231].
• Sparrows, [164].
• Specialised races, [168], [176].
• Specific predisposition, [155].
• Spectrum, [19], [21], [26].
• Spermogonia, [144], [232].
• Sphaerella, [189].
• Sphaerotheca, [187].
• Sphaeroblasts, [222], [225].
• Spicaria, [237].
• Spiral grooving, [204], [210].
• Spiral growth, [252].
• Spongospora, [216].
• Spontaneous variations, [78], [246], [255].
• Spores, [144].
• Sports, [93], [247].
• Spots on leaves, [120], [186].
• Spraying, [159], [161], [162].
• Spreading of disease, [142].
• Squirrels, [108].
• Stag-head, [240], [244].
• Starch, [9], [16], [17], [20], [23], [138], [173].
• Statistics of epidemics, [147].
• Steeping, [161].
• Stem diseases, [120].
• Stereum, [206].
• Sterility of soil, [61].
• Stimulation, [119].
• Stimuli, [126], [127], [139].
• Stock, [262], [264], [266], [282].
• Stomata, [23].
• Stool-shoots, [201], [225], [269].
• Stool stumps, [194], [201].
• Strangulations, [204], [209].
• Strawberry, [189], [257].
• Stripping, [194], [197].
• Stroma, [217].
• Structure, [274].
• Structure of protoplasm, [271].
• Structure of root-hairs, [40].
• Struggle for existence, [105], [159], [164], [165], [167], [286].
• Study of causes, [85].
• Stumps, [194].
• Subsoil, [57], [103].
• Substitutive selections, [286].
• Suckers, [225], [260].
• Sugar, [11], [17], [20], [173], [286].
• Sugar cane, [172].
• Sugar cane disease, [166].
• Sulphate, [273].
• Sulphur, [161], [163], [272].
• Sulphurous acid, [181].
• Sun-burn, [240], [241].
• Sun-cracks, [240], [242].
• Sundew, [232].
• Sunflower, [256], [264].
• Sun-spots, [192].
• Superstitions, [85].
• Surface energy, [26].
• Surface roots, [112].
• Sweet almond, [173].
• Symbiosis, [63], [130], [137], [219], [263], [265], [268], [285].
• Symptoms of disease, [89], [122], [179], [186].
• Synchytrium, [127], [188], [217], [247].
• Synthesis, [65].
• Syringa, [259].
• Syringing, [161], [164].
• Tamarisk, [235].
• Tannin, [138].
• Taphrina, [218].
• Tar, [164].
• Tea, [244].
• Teazel, [252].
• Teleutospore, [189], [191].
• Temperature, [99], [105].
• Tendencies to ill-health, [91].
• Tendrils, [125].
• Teratology, [246], [253], [254], [257].
• Tetraneura, [218].
• Tetranychus, [187], [192].
• Thawing, [183].
• Thelephora, [206].
• Therapeutics, [85], [89], [159].
• Thermotropism, [126].
• Thesium, [112].
• Thick-skinned organs, [168], [171].
• Thinning, [96], [105].
• Thistle, [247].
• Thrips, [88], [191], [208].
• Thyloses, [125].
• Tilia, [214].
• Timber diseases, [119], [120].
• Timiriazeff, [21].
• Tinea, [206].
• Tissue diseases, [119].
• Tobacco, [209].
• Tobacco powder, [161].
• Tomato, [171], [219], [230].
• Top-dry trees, [244].
• Topical remedies, [161].
• Tomicus, [205].
• Torsions, [246], [252].
• Tortrix, [254].
• Toxic agents, [130].
• Transformation of energy, [25], [28].
• Transformation of organs, [254], [255].
• Transmission of acquired characters, [264], [283], [290].
• Transplanting, [96].
• Transpiration, [181], [228].
• Trees, [109].
• Trichosphaeria, [135].
• Triticum, [76].
• Tumescence, [227], [228].
• Tunnels, [206].
• Turgescence, [47], [228], [230].
• Turnip, [126], [162], [230].
• Twitch, [113].
• Tylenchus, [238], [248].
• Ulcer, [231].
• Unger, [85].
• Unsuitable soils, [101].
• Upheaval of seedlings, [179], [183].
• Uredineae, [114], [134], [136], [145], [169], [188], [189].
• Uredo, [88], [188], [191].
• Uredospores, [191].
• Uromyces, [116], [188], [191], [266].
• Urocystis, [220].
• Ustilagineae, [145], [190], [217], [248].
• Ustilago, [116], [117], [175], [190], [219], [255].
• Vaccinium, [128], [288].
• Variability, [174].
• Variation, [67], [72], [91], [92], [168], [174], [176], [246], [262], [263], [264], [271], [282], [286], [288], [289].
• Variegation, [179], [182], [183], [192].
• Varieties, [78], [247].
• Varieties of soil, [56].
• Vaucheria, [139], [140].
• Vegetable acids, [48].
• Vertebrata, [108].
• Verticillium, [145], [236].
• Viburnum, [214].
• Vine, [110], [149], [156], [162], [164], [169], [171], [189], [190], [191], [222], [248], [268].
• Vine disease, [143].
• Vivipary, [257], [258].
• Walnut, [190], [209], [253].
• Want of air, [100].
• Washing leaves, etc., [161].
• Wasp-flies, [165].
• Wasps, [145].
• Water, [272].
• Water and insects, [161].
• Water-culture, [65].
• Water in soil, [103].
• Waterlogging, [181].
• Weaving of fungi, [190].
• Webs, [190], [254].
• Weeding, [105].
• Weeds, [69], [111], [113], [165], [229], [249].
• Weevils, [248].
• Wet feet, [181].
• Wheat, [169], [171], [172], [176], [179], [180], [182], [183], [230], [248].
• Wheat rust, [86], [122], [146], [166], [169], [176].
• White spots, [186], [187].
• Willow, [206], [207], [219], [223], [233], [259].
• Willow beetle, [208].
• Wilting, [179], [181], [235], [249].
• Wind, [106], [142], [144], [153], [184], [209], [229].
• Wire-worms, [109], [181].
• Witches' brooms, [116], [222], [224].
• Wood, [124].
• Wood-ashes, [161].
• Woodbine, [112], [210].
• Wood-boring, [204], [205].
• Woodlice, [164].
• Wood-nodules, [225].
• Wood-wasps, [206].
• Woolly-aphis, [219], [223].
• Worms, [109], [142], [144], [194], [238].
• Wounds, [108], [139], [194], [204], [207], [213], [260], [263], [269].
• Wound-cork, [195].
• Wound-fever, [123].
• Wound-fungi, [203], [204], [240].
• Wound-gum, [125].
• Wound-wood, [124].
• Wrens, [165].
• Wrinkling, [253].
• Xenia, [267].
• Xyloma, [88].
• Yeasts, [134], [172], [231], [233].
• Yellowing, [179], [181], [182], [184].
• Yellow leaves, [89].
• Yellow spots, [186], [187], [188], [253].
• Zoospores, [151].

GLASGOW: PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS BY ROBERT MACLEHOSE AND CO.

---

MACMILLAN AND CO.'S WORKS ON BOTANY.

---

BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

Crown 8vo. Price 6s.

Timber and Some of its Diseases.