[182] The definition of “lands” as given in the Public Health Act 1875, is as follows:—“‘lands’ and ‘premises’ include messuages, buildings, lands, easements, and hereditaments of any tenure” (38 & 39 Vic. c. 55, s. 4).
[183] Notices may be signed either by the clerk to the local authority or their surveyor (38 & 39 Vic. c. 55, s. 266).
[184] The thickness of stoneware pipe sewers should be as follows:
| Internal diameter of pipe. | Thickness of material. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| in. | in. | |||
| 3 | ¹⁄₂ | |||
| 4 | ⁵⁄₈ | |||
| 6 | ³⁄₄ | |||
| 9 | 1 | |||
| 12 | 1 | ¹⁄₈ | ||
| 15 | 1 | ¹⁄₄ | ||
| 18 | 1 | ³⁄₈ | ||
The thickness of fire clay or earthenware pipes should be slightly in excess of those given for stoneware.
[185] The patent automatic flushing arrangement by Mr. Rogers Field, C.E., is an excellent apparatus for lessening the chances of a sewer becoming choked from this cause.
[186] It is necessary in many towns where the combined system is in force, and the sewage has to be pumped when heavy rains commence, to put temporary clay dams round the street gratings to prevent the surface water from entering the sewers, thus at once showing the inability of the system to deal with flood waters.
CHAPTER XXI.
SEWAGE DISPOSAL.
The magnitude of the question of “sewage disposal” almost decided me to refrain from making any remarks upon it, but on reconsideration I thought a few might be serviceable.