Horse.—Shanghai exported 4581/2 piculs in 1878. Rio Grande do Sul exported 10,714 pieces salted, and 601 dried, in 1879. The approximate London market values of horse-hides are:—English, 9-14d. a lb.; River Plate, 6-21s. a hide.

Kangaroo.—The skins of this animal are largely exported from Australia and Tasmania, forming some of the most pliable leather known. To prepare them for market, they should be carefully taken off, pegged out, and dried slowly in the shade.

Lamb.—The exports from Asterabad (Persia) viâ Gez in 1879 were 788 bales Bokharan, 60,613l. Calamata and Messenia (Greece) produced in 1880, 137,500 lb., 2680l. Dedeagatch (Turkey), in 1878, exported 500 bales of lamb- and kid-skins, value 4000l. The exports from Ancona (Italy), including kid and rabbit, in 1878, were 609,826 kilo. (of 2·2 lb.) to Italy, 41,480 to Austria, 2714 to Germany, 2655 to Greece, 19,486 to England, 3180 to Turkey; total, 679 tons, 50,321l. Tientsin (China), in 1879, shipped 35,008 piculs (of 1331/3 lb.).

Llama.—The skin of the llama is growing in importance in Parisian shoemaking. It weighs on an average 6 lb., and contains 18 sq. ft. of leather, costing about 1l. The source of supply is the Peruvian Andes.

Ox and Cow.—Coquimbo (Chili) exported 4709 ox-hides in 1879. Santos (Brazil) in the year ending Sept. 30, 1879, exported 316,940 kilo. salted, valued 5800l., and 1282, 25l. The shipments from Christiania to Great Britain fell from 47,500 kroner (of 1s. 11/2d.) worth in 1877, to 3500 kr. in 1879. San José (Costa Rica) despatched 449,870 lb. in 1878. The exports from the Cape, including cow, fell from 150,875 pieces in 1878, to 104,281 in 1879. Rio Grande do Sul, in 1879, shipped 455,315 pieces salted, and 499,960 dried. Of cow-hides, Hankow exported 35,265 piculs (of 1331/3 lb.) in 1878, and 21,063 in 1879. The Kiungchow exports (including buffalo) in 1879 were 490 piculs, 818l. From Shanghai (including buffalo) went 26,070 piculs in 1879. Chinkiang fell from 7262 piculs in 1877, to 3974 in 1878, and none in 1879. Memel, in 1879, sent away by sea, 75 cwt., 136l.; and over the Russian frontier for German markets, 3000 pieces, 3000l. The approximate London market values of ox and cow hides are:—Buenos Ayres and Monte Video, 1st dry, 9-101/2d. a lb.; 2nd dry, 7-81/2d.; best light, 8-91/2d.; salted, 51/4-73/4d.; Brazil, dry, 7-101/2d.; dry salted, 41/2-9d.; West Indies, salted, 31/2-7d.; United States, salted, 31/2-61/2d.; East India, best, 4-13d.; 2nd, 13/4-111/4d.; 3rd and 4th, 11/4-9d.; Australian, salted, 23/4-6d.; Cape, wet salted, 21/2-71/2d.; Continental, salted, 33/4-5d.; English, 23/4-7d.

Seal.—Our imports of undressed seal-skins in 1883 were:—From Norway 112,809, 35,267l.; Denmark 866, 138l.; Germany 28,669, 8428l.; Channel Islands 1048, 305l.; France 2798, 2002l.; British Possessions in South Africa 7020, 5635l.; British India: Bombay 830, 1850l.; China 2083, 4000l.; Japan 11,943, 17,369l.; Australasia 1487, 890l.; British North America 341,778, 88,413l.; United States of America 98,566, 256,018l.; Central America 563, 563l.; Chile 1974, 1803l.; Uruguay 13,950, 4884l.; Whale Fisheries: Northern 44,474, 15,208l.; Other Countries 426, 253l. Total, 671,284, 443,026l. The exports from Christiania in 1879 were 74,090 pieces; to Great Britain, the value was 254,400 kroner (of 131/2d.) in 1878, and 172,900 kr. in 1879. Our total imports from Norway rose from 29,912 pieces in 1877, to 63,540 in 1878, and receded to 54,005 in 1880. From the Cape, they were 11,065 in 1877, 15,128 in 1879, and 7731 in 1880. And from Newfoundland, 413,057 in 1879, and 253,656 in 1880. The approximate London market values of seal-skins (not fur seals) are 1s. 9d.-10s. 6d. each for Newfoundland, and 2-11s. for Greenland.

Sheep.—Our imports of undressed sheep-skins in 1883 were:—From Russia 7374, 820l.; Sweden 16,780, 1446l.; Norway 23,756, 2469l.; Denmark 80,226, 7803l.; Germany 126,867, 12,476l.; Holland 34,213, 4182l.; Belgium 94,966, 14,479l.; Channel Islands 9579, 2900l.; France 644,080, 66,510l.; Spain 147,480, 19,730l.; Italy 41,743, 3790l.; Austrian Territories 41,011, 4031l.; Turkey 244,579, 23,593l.; Egypt 8870, 517l.; British Possessions in South Africa 2,521,109, 339,374l.; Aden 29,780, 2720l.; British India 190,202, 17,745l.; Australasia 2,693,064, 267,289l.; United States of America 45,692, 4367l.; Bermudas 2342, 365l.; Peru 7220, 1692l.; Chile 3582, 681l.; Brazil 18,616, 2453l.; Uruguay 92,499, 21,303l.; Argentine Republic 985,268, 176,900l.; Falkland Islands 26,747, 3105l.; Other Countries 7086, 747l. Total, 8,145,431, 1,003,487l.

Bosnia Serai, in 1879, exported about 10 tons. Shanghai, in 1878, 50,285 pieces (including lamb). Coquimbo (Chili), in 1879, 45 tons (including goat). Bagdag, in 1878, 86,351 pieces, 4071l., to India and Europe (including lamb). Falkland Islands, 1940l. worth in 1879. Cape, 1,480,875 pieces in 1879. Hankow, 7606 pieces, 9276l., in 1879. Tientsin, 206,777 piculs (of 1331/3 lb.) in 1878, 8737 in 1879. Mollendo (Peru) 79 quintals (of 2 cwt,) in 1878. Mogador, in 1880, 15 bales, 80l., to Great Britain; 345, 1700l., to France; 2, 3l., to Spain. Our imports from the French East Indies have fallen from 5600 pieces in 1876, to 3762 in 1877, 410 in 1879, and none since; from Italy, from 339,973 in 1876, to 39,751 in 1880; from European Turkey, from 230,922 in 1876, to 63,236 in 1880; from Asiatic Turkey, they have risen from 93,965 in 1876, to 185,543 in 1880; from Brazil, 41,604 in 1876, 2623 in 1877, 5730 in 1880, and none in the intermediate years; from the Argentine Republic, 3,539,589 in 1876, 898,155 in 1879, 1,248,553 in 1880; from the Cape, 1,496,039 in 1877, 1,819,772 in 1880; from India, 3,927,934 in 1876, 2,911,974 in 1880; from Victoria, 1,667,330 in 1876, 1,158,686 in 1880; from New South Wales, 83,167 in 1878, 36,995 in 1880; New Zealand, 168,984 in 1878, 334,792 in 1880. The approximate London market values of sheep-skins are:—Cape, 10-34s. a doz.; fine wool, 28-59s.; superior, 40-82s.; Mogador, 14-27s.; Buenos Ayres, 4-13d. a lb.; Australian, 4-16d.; tanned East Indian, best, 2-4s.; ordinary to good, 1s.-2s. 9d.

Walrus.—Our imports of walrus skins from Christiania in 1879 were valued at 7900 kroner (of 131/2d).

Unenumerated.—Our imports of unenumerated skins and hides in 1883 were as follows:—