LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
| Frontispiece—Complete Wiring Plan for a House. | ||
| [1] | Diagram of Simple Circuit | 2 |
| [2] | Diagram of Simple Circuit with Spiral | 2 |
| [3] | Diagram of Simple Circuit with Spiral and Galvanometer | 2 |
| [4] | Diagram of Circuit with Iron Core | 4 |
| [5] | Diagram of Ruhmkorff Coil | 4 |
| [6] | Elevation of Ruhmkorff Coil | 6 |
| [7] | Pendant Burner | 7 |
| [8] | Burner Circuit | 8 |
| [9] | Plain Burner | 10 |
| [10] | Ratchet Burner | 11 |
| [11] | Stiff-Pull Pendant | 12 |
| [12] | Stem Burner | 14 |
| [13] | Argand Burner | 15 |
| [14] | Welsbach Burner | 16 |
| [15] | Acetylene Burner | 17 |
| [16] | Push Button | 19 |
| [17] | Bartholdi Burner | 21 |
| [18] | Boston Automatic | 22 |
| [19] | Concealed Automatic | 24 |
| [20] | Diagram Wiring One “Automatic” from Two Pushes | 27 |
| [21] | Diagram Wiring One “Automatic” and Two Pendant Burners | 28 |
| [22] | Simple Switch Connections | 33 |
| [23] | Details of Automatic Connections | 35 |
| [24] | Details of Cellar Automatic Circuits | 35 |
| [25] | Nut Wrench | 40 |
| [26] | Automatic Operated by Door-Trip | 44 |
| [27] | Primary Coil | 46 |
| [28] | Syracuse Cut-Out | 50 |
| [29] | Boston Cut-Out | 51 |
| [30] | Details Cut-Out Rod—Normal | 52 |
| [31] | Details Cut-Out Rod—Operating | 53 |
| [32] | Bulb Cut-Out | 54 |
| [33] | Jump Spark Burner | 56 |
| [34] | Welsbach Burner for Series Lighting | 56 |
| [35] | Pillar Burner | 56 |
| [36] | Circuit For Jump Spark Gas Lighting | 57 |
| [37] | Insulator | 59 |
| [38] | Edwards’ Condenser | 60 |
| [39] | Edwards’ Burner | 61 |
| [40] | Edwards’ Burner | 61 |
| [41] | Diagram of Edwards’ Condenser Circuit | 62 |
| [42] | Circuit for Jump Spark Switch | 64 |
| [43] | Electromagnetic Trailer | 66 |
| [44] | Diagram of Ruhmkorff Coil Circuit | 68 |
| [45] | Windings of Sections | 73 |
| [46] | Sectional Diagram | 74 |
| [47] | Contact Breaker | 75 |
| [48] | Contact Key | 76 |
| [49] | Fall of Potential Diagram | 79 |
| [50] | Series Arrangement | 81 |
| [51] | Multiple Arrangement | 82 |
| [52] | Leclanche Cell | 84 |
| [53] | Samson Cell | 87 |
| [54] | New Standard Cell | 90 |
| [55] | Edison-Lalande Cell | 92 |
| [56] | Fuller Cell | 94 |
| [57] | Grenet Cell | 95 |
CHAPTER I.
Introductory Remarks.
The enormous number of fires arising from the use of matches, and the great convenience and freedom from danger of the electric method of gas lighting, are alone sufficient reasons for the issue of these pages.
The veriest tyro in electrical operations knows that electricity will cause a spark, and most persons are aware that the spark possesses considerable deflagratory powers, varying with the character of the spark. In electric gas lighting a spark of the proper character is passed across a jet of gas and ignites it. Sparks can be produced by various means: friction, battery current, induction either galvanic or electro-magnetic, by a Wimshurst or Toepler Holtz machine, or an induction coil operated by a battery. For our purposes we will consider only the latter; the former are rarely used, being uncertain and unwieldy.
Of batteries there are many kinds, and although all will produce sparks, yet for electric gas lighting those made for intermittent work and classed as open circuit cells are to be preferred. Open circuit batteries, which will be fully described in a subsequent chapter, include the Leclanche, and most of the so-called “dry” cells.
