CONTENTS.

[CHAPTER I.]
STREET CHARACTERS.
PAGE
The “Cocher”—The Bus-driver—The Private Coachman—The Hackney Coachman—The Public Writer—The Flower-girl—The Oyster-woman[1]
[CHAPTER II.]
THE ENGLISH AND AMERICANS IN PARIS.
The Englishman Abroad—M. Lemoinne’s Analysis—The Englishwoman—Sunday in London and in Paris—Americans in Paris—The American Girl[9]
[CHAPTER III.]
MORE PARISIAN TYPES.
The Spy—Under Sartines and Berryer—Fouché—Delavau—The Present System—The Écuyère—The Circus in Paris[17]
[CHAPTER IV.]
THE DOMESTIC.
The French Servant, as described by Léon Gozlan and by Mercier—The Cook and the Cordon Bleu—The Valet[20]
[CHAPTER V.]
PARISIAN CHARACTERISTICS.
Parisian Characteristics—Gaiety, Flippancy Wit—A String of Favourite Anecdotes[24]
[CHAPTER VI.]
THE STREETS.
The Arrangement of the Streets—System of Numbering the Houses—Street Nomenclature—Street Lamps—The Various Kinds of Vehicles in Use[28]
[CHAPTER VII.]
THE SEINE AND ITS BRIDGES.—THE MORGUE.
The Various Bridges over the Seine—Their Histories—The Morgue—Some Statistics[33]
[CHAPTER VIII.]
THE REFORMATION IN PARIS.
D’Étaples, the Pioneer of the Reformation—Nicolas Cop and Calvin—Progress of the Reformation—Persecutions—Catharine de Médicis—St. Bartholomew’s—The Edict of Nantes[36]
[CHAPTER IX.]
THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS AND THE COLLEGE OF FRANCE.
The French Educational System—Lycées and Collèges—The University of Paris—The College of France[44]
[CHAPTER X.]
THE SORBONNE.
Robert de Sorbonne—The Sorbonne, its Origin and History—Richelieu—The Revolution—The New Sorbonne—Mercier’s Views[49]
[CHAPTER XI.]
THE INSTITUTE.
The Institute—Its Unique Character—The Objects of its Projectors—Its Constitution[53]
[CHAPTER XII.]
THE ACADÉMIE FRANÇAISE.
The Académie Française—Its Foundation by Richelieu—Its Constitution—The “Forty-first Chair”[55]
[CHAPTER XIII.]
THE PANTHÉON.
The Church of Clovis—The Church of Sainte-Geneviève—France in the Thirteenth Century—The Building of the New Church under Louis XV.—Mirabeau and the Constituent Assembly—The Church of Sainte-Geneviève becomes the Panthéon.[59]
[CHAPTER XIV.]
THE POLYTECHNIC SCHOOL.
The “Central School of Public Works”—Bonaparte and the Polytechnic—The College of Navarre—Formal Inauguration in 1805—1816—1830[67]
[CHAPTER XV.]
THE HÔTEL CLUNY.
The Rue des Carmes—Comte de Mun and the Catholic Workmen’s Club—The Place Maubert—The Palais des Thermes—The Hôtel Cluny—Its History—Its Art Treasures[71]
[CHAPTER XVI.]
THE MUSÉE D’ARTILLERIE.
The Museum of Artillery—Its Origin and History—The Growth of its Collection of Armour and Weapons of all Kinds[83]
[CHAPTER XVII.]
THE VAL DE GRÂCE—RELICS OF THE GREAT.
The Deaf and Dumb Institution—The Val de Grâce—Hearts as Relics—Royal Funerals—The Church of Saint-Denis[89]
[CHAPTER XVIII.]
THE CATACOMBS: THE OBSERVATORY.
Origin of the Catacombs—The Quarries of Mont Souris—The Observatory—Marshal Ney—The School of Medicine[99]
[CHAPTER XIX.]
THE ODÉON: THE LUXEMBURG PALACE.
The Odéon—Its History—Erection of the Present Building in 1799—Marie de Médicis and the Luxemburg Palace—The Judicial Annals of the Luxemburg—Trials of Fieschi and Louvel—Trial of Louis Napoleon—Trial of the Duc de Praslin[109]
[CHAPTER XX.]
THE PRISONS OF PARIS.
La Santé—La Roquette—The Conciergerie—The Mazas—Sainte-Pélagie—Saint-Lazare—Prison Regulations[131]
[CHAPTER XXI.]
THE PARIS ZOO.
The Jardin des Plantes—Its Origin and History—Under Buffon—The Museum of Natural History—The Tobacco Factory[147]
[CHAPTER XXII.]
SOME HISTORICAL BUILDINGS.
Abailard and Héloise—Fulbert’s House in the Rue des Chantres—The Philip Augustus Towers—The Hôtel Barbette—The Hôtel de Sens[156]
[CHAPTER XXIII.]
THE MONT-DE-PIÉTÉ.
“Uncle” and “Aunt”—Organisation of the Mont-de-Piété—Its Various Branches—Its Warehouses and Sale-rooms[160]
[CHAPTER XXIV.]
PARIS MARKETS.
The Halles-Centrales—The Cattle Markets—Agriculture in France—The French Peasant[166]
[CHAPTER XXV.]
SAINT-GERMAIN-DES-PRÉS.
Its Origin and History—Its Library—Its Organ—Saint-Sulpice[170]
[CHAPTER XXVI.]
PRINTING IN PARIS—THE CENSORSHIP.
Rue Visconti—Historical Buildings—The National School of Roads and Bridges—The Introduction of Printing into Paris—The First Printing Establishments—The Censorship[174]
[CHAPTER XXVII.]
THE HÔTEL DES INVALIDES.
A Glance at its History—Louis XIV. and Mme. de Maintenon—The Pensioners—Their Characteristics and Mode of Life[185]
[CHAPTER XXVIII.]
SOME MORE PARIS HOSPITALS.
The French Hospital System—The Laënnec Hospital—The Houses of Assistance—The Quinze-Vingts—Deaf and Dumb Institutions—The Abbé de l’Épée—La Charité[193]
[CHAPTER XXIX.]
LUNATIC ASYLUMS AND MIXED INSTITUTIONS.
The Treatment of Lunacy in the Past—La Salpêtrière—Bicêtre—The Story of Latude—The Four Sergeants of La Rochelle—Pinel’s Reforms—Charenton[207]
[CHAPTER XXX.]
THE RIVER BIÈVRE AND THE MANUFACTORY OF THE GOBELINS.
The Brothers Gobelin—Lebrun—The Gobelins under Louis XIV.—At the Time of the Revolution—The Manufactory of Sèvres[225]
[CHAPTER XXXI.]
THE PALAIS BOURBON.
The Palais Bourbon—Its History—The National Convention—Philippe Égalité[231]
[CHAPTER XXXII.]
SOME HISTORICAL RESIDENCES.
The Palace of the Legion of Honour—The Ministry of War—The Rue de Grenelle—Talleyrand[236]
[CHAPTER XXXIII.]
THE RUE TARANNE AND DIDEROT.
Diderot’s Early Life in Paris—His Love Affairs—Imprisonment in the Château de Vincennes—Diderot and Catherine II. of Russia—His Death[242]
[CHAPTER XXXIV.]
MONSEIGNEUR AFFRE AND THE INSURRECTION OF JUNE.
The Courtyard of the Dragon—The National Workshops—The Insurrection of June—Monseigneur Affre Shot at the Barricade of the Faubourg St. Antoine[247]
[CHAPTER XXXV.]
SOME OCCUPANTS OF MONTPARNASSE.
The Boulevard Montparnasse—The Cemetery—Father Loriquet—Hégésippe Moreau—Sainte-Beuve[250]
[CHAPTER XXXVI.]
SPORTS AND DIVERSIONS.
Le “Sport”—Longchamps—Versailles Races—Fontainebleau—The Seine—Swimming Baths—The Art of Book-collecting[254]
[CHAPTER XXXVII.]
FENCING SCHOOLS.
Fencing in France—A National Art—Some Extracts from the Writings of M. Legouvé, One of its Chief Exponents—The Old Style of Fencing and the New[257]
[CHAPTER XXXVIII.]
PETTY TRADES.
Petty Trades—Their Origins—The Day-Banker—The Guardian Angel—The Old-Clothesman—The Claque—Its First Beginning and Development[259]
[CHAPTER XXXIX.]
OBSOLETE PARIS SHOPS.
The Old Wooden Stalls of Forty Years Ago—The “Lucky Fork”—The Cobbler’ Shops—The Old Cafés[265]
[CHAPTER XL.]
THE PARIS PRESS.
French Governments and the Press—The Press under Napoleon—Some Account of the Leading Paris Papers—TheFigaro[268]
[CHAPTER XLI.]
FROM THE QUAI VOLTAIRE TO THE PANTHÉON.
The Quai Voltaire—Its Changes of Name—Voltaire—His Life in Paris and Elsewhere—His Remains laid in the Panthéon—Mirabeau—Rousseau—Vincennes[273]
[CHAPTER XLII.]
THE PALAIS MAZARIN AND THE RUE MAZARINE.
The Institute or Palais Mazarin—The Rue Mazarine—L’Illustre Théâtre—Molière—The Theatre Français—The Odéon—Heine—The Faubourg Saint-Germain—Historical Associations[288]
[CHAPTER XLIII.]
THE PARIS RIVER AND PARIS COMMERCE.
The Society of the Water-Merchants of Paris—The Navigation of the Seine—The Paris Slaughter-Houses—Records of Famine in France—The Lot of the French Peasant in the Last Century—The Paris Food Supply[307]
[CHAPTER XLIV.]
THE BARRIERS—PARISIAN CRIME.
The Approaches to Paris—The French Railway System—The St. Germain Railway—The Erection of the Barriers—Some of the most famous Barriers—Parisian Crime—Its Special Characteristics[317]
[CHAPTER XLV.]
PARISIAN MENDICANCY—THE PARIS POOR.
Parisian Mendicancy in the Sixteenth Century—The General Hospital—Louis XV. and the Beggars—The Revolution—Mendicancy as a Regular Profession—The Organ-grinders and the Trade in Italian Children—The French Treatment of the Poor—Asylums, Almshouses, and Retreats—The Droit des Pauvres—The Cost of the Poor[324]
[CHAPTER XLVI.]
VERSAILLES.
Derivation of the Name—Saint-Simon’s Description—Louis XIV.—The Grand Fête of July, 1668—Peter the Great and the Regent—Louis XV.—Marie Antoinette and the “Affair of the Necklace”—The Events of October, 1789[338]
[CHAPTER XLVII.]
VERSAILLES AND THE SIEGE OF PARIS.
The Advance on Paris—Preparations for the Siege—General Trochu—The Francs-Tireurs—The Siege[348]
[CHAPTER XLVIII.]
VERSAILLES AND THE COMMUNE.
The Communists or Communards—The “Internationale”—Bismarck and the National Guard—The Municipal Elections—The Insurrection—Thiers—Paris during the Commune—Concluding Remarks[355]
[INDEX]:[A],[B],[C],[D],[E],[F],[G],[H],[I],[J],[K],[L],[M],[N],[O],[P],[Q],[R],[S],[T],[U],[V],[W],[Y]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

[xxxxIllustrations have been moved from within paragraphs for ease of reading.
(note of e-text transcriber.)]

PAGE
On the Champs Élysées[Frontispiece]
Outside a Railway Station in Paris[1]
Waiting for a Fare[3]
Omnibus Coachman[4]
Private Coachman[4]
Hackney Coachman[5]
Hearse Coachman[5]
An Invitation to a “Petit Verre”[6]
Street Scene[8]
In the Avenue du Bois de Boulogne at Night[9]
In the Flower Market[13]
After the Theatre[16]
At the Salon[17]
A Fair[21]
A Café Chantant[24]
Parisian Types—In the Barracks[25]
Parisian Types—In Search of Cigar-ends[29]
A Paris Omnibus[31]
Street Scene[32]
Eastern End of Île de la Citéfacing [33]
Austerlitz Bridge[35]
On the Saint-Martin Canal[36]
The Solferino Bridge, from the Quai d’Orsay[37]
The National Bridge[40]
The Right Arm of the Seine from Boulevard Henri IV[41]
The College of France[44]
The Lycée Voltaire[45]
The Lycée Charlemagne[47]
The Lycée Condorcet[48]
The Court of the Sorbonne[49]
Façade of the New Sorbonne[51]
The Church of the Sorbonne[52]
The Dome of the Panthéon, Spire of St. Étienne du Mont, and Tour de Clovis[57]
The Panthéon, from the Luxemburg Gardens[60]
Place du Panthéon[61]
Well in the Courtyard, Cluny Museumfacing [65]
Interior of the Panthéon[65]
Library of Sainte-Geneviève[68]
St. Stephen-of-the-Mount[69]
Interior of Church of St. Stephen-of-the-Mount[70]
The Chapel of the Ancient College of the Lombards[72]
Place Maubert, with the Statue of Étienne Dolet[73]
Patrons of the Chateau Rouge[75]
Rue de Bièvre[75]
Ruins of the Palais des Thermes[76]
Entrance to the Cluny Museum, Rue du Sammerard[77]
Staircase, Cluny Museum[80]
Dormer Windows at the Cluny Museum[81]
Group of Shafted Weapons in the Artillery Museum[84]
Decorated Spanish Cannon in the Artillery Museum[85]
Decorated Muskets in the Artillery Museum[85]
The Deaf and Dumb Institution[89]
Elm Tree in the Court of Honour at the Deaf and Dumb Institution[92]
Statue of the Abbé de l’Épée at the Deaf and Dumb Institution[93]
The Val de Grâce from the Rue de la Santé[96]
View from the Pont de la Concordefacing [97]
Entrance to the Observatory[100]
The Gardens of the Observatory, Boulevard Arago[101]
Place de l’Observatoire[104]
School of Drawing, Rue l’École de Médecine[105]
Statue of Marshal Ney[105]
School of Medicine[107]
New Wing of the School of Medicine[107]
Hôtel du Cheval Blanc[108]
Rue de l’Odéon[109]
Rue de l’Ancienne Comédie[109]
Odéon Theatre[111]
The Luxemburg Palace: the Garden Façade[112]
The Luxemburg Palace from the Terrace[112]
The Senate Chamber[113]
Entrance Court, Luxemburg Palace[115]
Grand Avenue, Luxemburg Gardens[115]
Sculpture Gallery, Luxemburg Palace[116]
Salle des Fêtes, Luxemburg Palace[117]
The Central Fountain, Luxemburg Gardens[119]
Façade of the Ancient Chapel of the Daughters of Calvary, Luxemburg[120]
Listening to the Band in the Luxemburg Gardens[121]
The Marie de Médicis Grotto and Fountain[124]
Back of the Marie de Médicis Fountain[125]
Fremiel-Carpeaux Fountain, Luxemburg Gardens[126]
The Luxemburg Museum[128]
The Hôtel de Sensfacing [129]
The Mineralogical Museum[129]
Prison of La Santé[132]
Inside the Walls of La Santé[132]
The Common Quarter, La Santé—“The Parlour”[133]
Interior of La Santé[135]
Gaolers’ Mess-room, La Santé[136]
Entrance to La Grande Roquette[137]
Warders’ Room and adjoining Courtyard, La Grande Roquette[140]
Chapel, La Grande Roquette[141]
The Chapel-school, La Petite Roquette[143]
The Political Quarter, Sainte-Pélagie[144]
The Courtyard, Saint-Lazare[145]
Buffon[148]
The Carnivora Section, Jardin des Plantes[149]
Entrance to Hothouses, Jardin des Plantes[149]
Marabout Storks in the Jardin des Plantes[151]
The Polar Bear in the Jardin des Plantes[151]
The Bear-pit, Jardin des Plantes[152]
Dromedary in the Jardin des Plantes[153]
Llama in the Jardin des Plantes[155]
Rue des Chantres, looking towards Notre-Dame[156]
Site of the House of Abailard and Héloise, Rue des Chantres[157]
Rue des Chantres, looking towards the Quai[158]
Portion of the Façade, Musée Carnavalet[159]
The Opera Housefacing [161]
Entrance to the Mont-de-Piété, Chaussée d’Antin[161]
The Jewellery Stores, Rue des Blancs Manteaux[163]
In the Rue de Capron Branch of the Mont-de-Piété[164]
The Sale-room of the Mont-de-Piété, Rue des Blancs Manteaux[165]
Rue de Tournon, with the Façade of the Senate House[168]
The Saint-Germain Market[169]
The Tower of Saint-Germain-des-Prés[171]
Saint-Germain-des-Prés[172]
The Side Entrance to Saint-Germain-des-Prés[173]
The Rue de l’Abbaye[174]
Saint-Sulpice and Apsis of Saint-Sulpice[176]
Fountain, Place Saint-Sulpice[177]
The Garden, School of Fine Arts[180]
The Arc de Gaillon, School of Fine Arts[181]
Courtyard, School of Fine Arts[181]
A Façade on the Quai Malaquais[182]
Street Scene[184]
Hôtel des Invalides[185]
Dome of the Hôtel des Invalides[186]
Dormer Window on the Façade, Hôtel des Invalides[187]
The Court of Honour, Hôtel des Invalides[187]
Invalides[188]
Tomb of Napoleon[189]
Entrance to the Tomb of Napoleon[191]
Street Scene[192]
Latude recognises D’Aligrefacing [193]
The Laennec Hospital, Rue de Sèvres[193]
The Children’s Hospital, Rue de Sèvres[195]
The Blind School: in the Work-room[196]
Attendants’ Room in a Paris Hospital[197]
La Charité[198]
Hospital on the Boulevard du Pont Royal[199]
Entrance to the St. Louis Hospital[200]
Courtyard of the St. Louis Hospital[200]
A Ward in the St. Louis Hospital[201]
The Repairing Room, St. Louis Hospital[201]
The Tenon Hospital[203]
Nurse Pupils at the Maternity Hospital[204]
The Maternity Hospital[205]
Font at the Maternity Hospital[205]
Hôspital de la Pitié[206]
Façade of the Main Buildings, Salpêtrière[208]
The Mazarin Ward, Salpêtrière[209]
Place de Conseil, Salpêtrière[212]
The Park, Salpêtrière[213]
The Village, Salpêtrière[216]
The Lunatics’ Quarter, Salpêtrière[217]
The Chapel, Salpêtrière[220]
The Bicêtre, 1710 (After Gueroult)[221]
Dinner-Time at Bicêtre[224]
Entrance to Bicêtre[224]
The Bièvrefacing [225]
Avenue des Gobelins[226]
The Bièvre in the Gardens of the Gobelins[227]
The Old Buildings of the Gobelins[228]
In the Gardens of the Gobelins[228]
Interior of the Gobelins[229]
A Street in the Neighbourhood of the Gobelins[230]
Façade of the Chamber of Deputies on Place du Palais Bourbon[232]
Chamber of Deputies from the Quai d’Orsay[233]
Ruins of the Palace of the Council of State, Quai d’Orsay[237]
Palace of the Legion of Honour[238]
The Ministry of War[240]
Fountain in the Rue de Grenelle[241]
Grimm and Diderot[244]
Statue of Diderot, Boulevard St.-Germain, facing the Rue St.-Benoit[245]
Entrance to the Courtyard of the Dragon[248]
Courtyard of the Dragon[249]
The Montparnasse Station[253]
Second-hand Bookstalls[256]
The Bureau de Bienfaisance Asylum at Vincennes:(1) The Façade. (2) The Bowling Greenfacing [257]
Old-Clothes Dealer[260]
Le Débarcadère des Bateaux-Omnibus: Vendors of Refreshments[261]
Snow Scene[267]
Bookstalls on the Quai Voltaire[268]
Édmond About[272]
The late Albert Wolff, of the Figaro[273]
Statue of Voltaire,[277]
The Pont du Carrousel and the Louvre, from the Quai Malaquais[280]
The Seine, between the City and the Quai des Augustines[281]
Jean Jacques Rousseau[284]
Madame D’Épinay[285]
A Night Refuge in the Vaugirard Quarterfacing [289]
Cardinal Mazarin[289]
Entrance to the Hôtel de Chateaubriand, in the Faubourg St. Germain[293]
The Bridge, Place, and Boulevard St. Michel[296]
The St. Michel Fountain[297]
The Castle of Chambord[301]
Porte aux Pommes: Fruit-boats on the Seine[304]
Porte aux Pommes[305]
The Villette Abbatoirs[309]
A Seine Steamboat[312]
The Seine at Grenelle[313]
The Chapelle Saint Denis Barrier[317]
The Octroi Barriers of Petit-Château and Grand-Bercy[320]
Versailles: the Façade and the Great Fountainfacing [321]
Tram at the Barrier[321]
Street Scene[324]
Asylum for Women, Rue Fessart: The Refectory[329]
A “Bureau de Bienfaisance”[332]
A Night Refuge[333]
Pensioners of “L’Assistance Publique”[335, 336]
Versailles (from an old print)[341]
The Colonnade of Versailles[344]
The Gallery of Battles, Versailles[345]
General Trochu[349]
Map of the Fortifications at the Siege of Paris[352]
The Prussians Entering Parisfacing [353]
Prince Bismarck[355]
M. Thiers[357]
Marshal MacMahon[360]

[{Page 1}]

OUTSIDE A RAILWAY STATION IN PARIS.