TABLE OF CONTENTS

I.Introduction[ 1]
History of the Investigation[ 1]
Physiography[ 1]
Fauna and Flora of the Region[ 3]
Description of the Site[ 5]
Method of Excavation[ 5]
Preliminary Discussion of the Stratigraphy[12]
Objectives of the Monograph[15]
II.The LoDaisKa Site: Features[17]
III.The LoDaisKa Site: Typology[21]
Method[21]
Chipped Stone[22]
Projectile points[22]
Knives[34]
Scrapers[42]
Spoke-shaves[43]
Drills[43]
Perforators[51]
“Gravers”[51]
Other prismatic flakes[51]
Choppers or hammerstones[54]
Cores[55]
Ground Stone[58]
Milling stones[58]
Handstones[58]
Shaft-smoother[66]
Pigment stones[67]
Bone[69]
Beads[69]
Used bone fragments[69]
Notched bone[69]
Rib and scapulae cutting tools[69]
Gaming pieces[69]
Awls[73]
Cut bone[74]
Tools of antler and bone[74]
Flakers[74]
Problematical Objects[78]
Mica fragments[78]
Crystal[79]
Clay Ball[79]
Wood[79]
Leather[79]
Cordage[79]
Pottery[82]
Plain[82]
Surface roughened[83]
IV.Geology of the LoDaisKa Site by Chas. B. Hunt[89]
V.Mechanical and Chemical Analysis of the Soils
of the LoDaisKa Site by R. J. Rodden[91]
Introduction[91]
Sampling[92]
Results and Discussion[94]
VI.Faunal Remains in the LoDaisKa Site
by Edward Lewis, et al[100]
Classification used in this report[102]
VII.Plant Remains from the LoDaisKa Site
by Walton C. Galinat:
additional identifications by M. C. Towle[104]
VIII.Fossil Pollen and Spores from the LoDaisKa Site
by Donald R. Whitehead[114]
IX.Ethnographic Comparisons[118]
The Ute[119]
The Pawnee[124]
X.Dating the LoDaisKa Remains[128]
XI.Reconstruction and Interpretation
Culture Complex A[128]
Typological Affiliations[128]
Cultural Reconstruction[130]
Culture Complex B[132]
Typological Affiliations[132]
Cultural Reconstruction[134]
Cultural Complex C[135]
Typological Affiliations[135]
Cultural Reconstruction[138]
Culture Complex D[140]
Typological Affiliations[140]
Cultural Reconstruction[143]
Other Remains[145]
XII.Discussion[146]
Traditions at LoDaisKa[146]
The Site in a Larger Context[147]

MAPS

Figure Page
1—Area of study[ii]
66—Geologic Map of the LoDaisKa Site[90]
74—Location of principal sites referred to in text[131]

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page
2—Topography of the Morrison area[ x]
3—Morrison biome[ 2]
4—LoDaisKa Site[ 6]
5—LoDaisKa Site[ 7]
6—Vertical section of overhang[ 8]
7—Diagram of area excavated[10]
8—Surface contours of LoDaisKa Site[11]
9—Profile No. 1[13]
10—Profile No. 2[14]
11—Profile No. 3[15]
12—Block Diagram[16]
13—Features of LoDaisKa Site[18]
14—Cists[20]
15—Projectile points, Type A[23]
16—Projectile points, Type A, A₂; Type B[24]
17—Projectile points, Type C[25]
18—Projectile points, Type D[26]
19—Projectile points, Type E[27]
20—Projectile points, Type F; Type G[28]
21—Projectile points, Type H[29]
22—Projectile points, Type H[30]
23—Projectile points, Type I[31]
24—Projectile points, Type J[32]
25—Projectile points, Type K[33]
26—Projectile points, Type aa; Type bb[35]
27—Projectile points, Type bb; Type xx; Type cc[36]
28—Knives, Type one[38]
29—Knives, Type two; Type three[39]
30—Large knife, Type two[40]
31—Large knives, Type two[41]
32—End scrapers, Type one[44]
33—End scrapers, Type three; Type two[45]
34—Side scrapers[46]
35—Discoidal scrapers[47]
36—Uncompahgre scrapers[48]
37—Serrated scrapers; spoke-shave[49]
38—Drill types one-four; gravers[50]
39—Perforators; flake knife, hafted knife[52]
40—Prismatic flakes[53]
41—Prismatic flakes[54]
42—Choppers and hammerstones[55]
43—Large milling stones[62]
44—Flat granite milling stone[63]
45—Sandstone milling slabs[64]
46—Handstones[65]
47—Atlatl weight; abrader[66]
48—Pigment stones[67]
49—Bone beads; awls, type four[68]
50—Rib-scapula cutting implements[70]
51—Problematical pieces; worked mica; gaming pieces[71]
52—Gaming pieces[72]
53—Awls, type one[75]
54—Awls, type one; type two; type three[76]
55—Miscellaneous bone tools[77]
56—Quartz crystal[78]
57—Clay ball[80]
58—Wood fragments[81]
59—Plain Pottery bowl[82]
60—Plain Pottery sherd[83]
61—Surface roughened Pottery, Class I[84]
62—Surface roughened Pottery, Class I; Plain Pottery[85]
63—Surface roughened Pottery, Class II[86]
64—Surface roughened Pottery, Class II[87]
65—Surface roughened Pottery, Class III[88]
67—Soil Analysis: Size distribution[95]
68—Soil Analysis:
Relative importance of fines;
Concentration of calcium carbonate;
Concentration of soluble iron[97]
69—Floral remains[108]
70—Floral remains[109]
71—Maize, Chapalote[111]
72—Maize, “Popcorn”[112]
73—Maize, Dent[113]
75—Artifacts from nearby Woodland sites[133]
76—Projectile points from Signal Butte[137]

TABLES

TableI—Projectile point provenience[37]
TableII—Artifacts exclusive of projectile points and ground stone  [56, 57]
TableIII—Milling slabs, complete specimens[59]
TableIV—Milling slabs, fragmentary specimens[60]
TableV—Handstones[61]
TableVI—Soil Analysis: Distribution of particle-size fractions[93], [94]
TableVII—Faunal remains[103]
Table VIII—Floral remains[107]

Courtesy U.S. Geological Survey