from escalade, did not exercise a less influence upon the defence;

for the besieged were compelled to keep permanently at the gorges

of the works, strong reserves, in readiness to repulse the assault,

which they saw themselves menaced with from the commencement of

the siege."

"Finally, it can be remarked, that these reserves, which were decimated

night and day by the concentric fire of our batteries, were able

to issue out from the enceinte through wide debouches, without having

to pass through the narrow defiles which are formed by the drawbridges

of revetted places; they were, then, a permanent threat for the