| Church St., 8,000 sq. yds.: | Per sq. yd. |
| 4-in. base 1-3-7 concrete | $0.57 |
| 1½-in. 1-2-4 and ½-in 1-2 mixture | 0.32 |
| Excavation | 0.10 |
| —— | |
| Total | $0.99 |
| Albert and Wyandotte Sts., 400 sq. yds.: | Per sq. yd. |
| 4-in. base 1-3-7 concrete | $0.66 |
| 1½-in. 1-2-4 and ½-in. 1-2 mixture | 0.39 |
| Excavation | 0.10 |
| —— | |
| Total | $1.15 |
The cost of materials and rates of wages were about as follows:
| Portland cement f. o. b. cars Windsor, per bbl. | $2.05 |
| River sand, per cu. yd. | 1.15 |
| River gravel, screened, per cu. yd. | 1.25 |
| Crushed limestone, ¼ to 3 ins., per ton | 1.15 |
| Labor, per day | 1.75 to 2.00 |
At these prevailing prices the contractor got a fair profit at the contract price of $1.15; at 99 cts., any profit is questionable, according to City Engineer George S. Hanes, who gives us the above records. Expansion joints are located from 20 to 80 ft. apart and are filled with tar.
Richmond, Ind.—The first concrete pavement was built in 1896 and since then it has been used extensively, especially for wide alleys and narrow streets where traffic is heavy and concentrated in small space. The method of construction has varied from time to time but the construction shown by Fig. 120 is fairly representative. Usually a 1-3-5 concrete is used for the base, 5 ins. thick, and a 1-2 mortar for the top coat, 1½ ins. thick. In 1904 this pavement cost the city by contract 16 cts. per sq. ft. or $1.54 per sq. yd, with wages and prices as follows: Stone on the work, $1.25 per cu. yd.; gravel and sand, $0.75 per cu. yd.; cement, $2.25 per barrel; common laborers, 16½ cts. per hour, and cement finishers, 40 cts. per hour.
Fig. 120.—Concrete Pavement, Richmond, Ind.
CONCRETE CURB AND GUTTER.
Current practice varies materially in constructing concrete curb and gutter. The more common practice is to lay the curb and water table in one piece, or as a monolith, but this is by no means universal practice. In much work the curb wall and the water table slab are constructed separately, the construction joint being sometimes horizontal where the curb wall sits on the slab and sometimes vertical where the water table butts against the wall. Again it is the common practice to construct curb and gutter in sections, laid either alternately or in succession, separated by sand joints to provide for expansion and contraction, but this is not universal practice, much of such work being constructed as a continuous wall with no provision for temperature movements except the natural breaks at driveways. All of these types of construction appear to have given reasonable satisfaction, but exact data for a final comparison are not available, so that we are forced to reason on general principles. Such a course of reasoning indicates that the best results should be expected where the curb and water table are built in one piece and in sections of reasonable length separated by expansion joints.
