| Per day. | Per cu. yd. | |
| 1 foreman on concrete | $ 3.35 | $0.07 |
| 1 water boy | 0.75 | 0.01 |
| 11 men mixing at $1.75 | 19.25 | 0.39 |
| 5 men mixing at $1.50 | 7.50 | 0.16 |
| 4 men loading stone at $1.40 | 5.60 | 0.12 |
| 4 men wheeling stone at $1.40 | 5.60 | 0.12 |
| 2 men loading sand at $1.40 | 2.80 | 0.06 |
| 2 men wheeling sand at $1.40 | 2.80 | 0.06 |
| 1 man placing concrete at $1.75 | 1.75 | 0.04 |
| 6 men placing concrete at $1.50 | 9.00 | 0.19 |
| 2 men supplying water at $1.50 | 3.00 | 0.06 |
| 1 man placing expanded metal at $2. | 2.00 | 0.04 |
| 1 man placing expanded metal at $1.50 | 1.50 | 0.03 |
| ——— | —— | |
| Total labor on concrete | $64.90 | $1.35 |
Cost of Labor Moving Forms:
| Per day. | Per cu. yd. | |
| 4 carpenters placing forms | $13.00 | $0.27 |
| 2 helpers placing forms | 4.00 | 0.08 |
| 1 carpenter putting up boards for outside forms | 2.75 | 0.06 |
| 1 helper putting up boards for outside forms | 2.25 | 0.05 |
| 2 helpers putting up boards for outside forms | 3.50 | 0.07 |
| 1 team hauling timber | 4.50 | 0.09 |
| 1 helper hauling lumber | 1.75 | 0.04 |
| ——— | —— | |
| Total labor moving | $31.75 | $0.66 |
It will be noted that it required two men to bend and place the 700 lbs., or 1,260 sq. ft., of expanded metal required for 63 lin. ft. of conduit per day, which is equivalent to ½c per lb., or 3 cts. per sq. ft., for the labor of shaping, placing and fastening the metal.
CIRCULAR SEWER, SOUTH BEND, INDIANA.—In building 2,464 ft. of 66-in. circular reinforced concrete sewer at South Bend, Ind., in 1906, the method of construction illustrated in Figs. 257, 258 and 259 was employed. The sewer has a 9-in. shell buttressed on the sides and is reinforced every 12 ins. by a 3/16×1-in. peripheral bar in the sides and roof and 3 ins. in from the soffit. Each bar is composed of three pieces, two side pieces from 15 ins. below to 6 ins. above springing lines and a connecting roof bar attached to the side bars by cotter pins. Two grades of concrete were used, a 1-3-6 bank gravel concrete for the invert and a 1-2-4 bank gravel concrete for the arch. The invert was given a ½-in. plaster coat of 1-1 mortar as high as the springing lines.
Fig. 257.—Form for South Bend Sewer (First Stage).
Fig. 258.—Form for South Bend Sewer (Second Stage).