Boulenger gives the following synopsis:–

III. The series of palatal teeth converge backwards, forming a V-shaped figure.

With 5 toes: Hynobius, 3 species in Japan.

With 4 toes: Salamandrella, 2 species Lake Baikal, Ussuri and Schilka rivers, and Kamtchatka, p. [109].

III. The series of palatal teeth form an uninterrupted, doubly arched V-shaped figure.

The 4 fingers and 5 toes are furnished with black, horny claws: Onychodactylus japonicus.

III. The series of palatal teeth form two arches, convex forwards, separated by a wide interspace.

The two series are short, confined to the space between the choanae.

With 5 toes: Ranidens sibiricus, Eastern Siberia and N.E. China.

With 4 toes: Batrachyperus sinensis, Moupin in China.