[414] [Austen gives the length as 12 to 12·5 mm. and the breadth as 5 mm.; he describes the larva as follows: Bluntly pointed at the anterior extremity, and truncate behind; from third to eleventh segments thickly covered with minute recurved spines of brownish chitin, usually arranged in transverse series of groups of two or more, which can be seen to form more or less distinct undulating and irregular transverse rows. In each of the two posterior stigmatic plates, the respiratory slit on either side of the median one is characteristically curved, resembling an inverted note of interrogation. The barrel-shaped puparium is on an average 10·3 by 4·6 mm.; its colour varies from ferruginous to nearly black.—F. V. T.]
[415] [According to Austen this is Cordylobia anthropophaga, Grünb. Bengalia depressa, Walker, is a very different insect, whose life-history is unknown.—F. V. T.]
[416] Dutton, Todd and Christy, “The Congo Floor Maggot,” Mem. xiii Liv. Sch. Trop. Med., p. 40.
[417] Balfour, Journ. Trop. Med., 1909, xii, No. 4, p. 47.
[418] Journ. Trop. Med., 1905, viii, No. 6, p. 90.
[419] [This is not the case, for Carpenter has shown that muzzled calves become infected (“Mém. First Int. Cong. Ent.,” pp. 289–293). Jost (Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool., 1907, xxxvi, pp. 644–715) thinks that the ova, not young larvæ, are ingested (vide note in Supplement).—F. V. T.]
[420] Duprey advances the opinion that Dermatobia deposits its eggs not only on the skin of man and animals, but also on the leaves and twigs in the bush, where, too, young larvæ have been met with which gain access from hence to men and animals (Journ. Trop. Med. and Hyg., 1906).
[421] Vide Bull. 20, N. Sc., U.S. Div. Ent.
[422] “Tabanidæ of Ohio,” Ohio State University Bull. 19, 1903, sec. 7, p. 14.
[423] This does not include G. maculata, Newstead, which is regarded by Austen as a synonym of G. palpalis, Rob. Des.; according to this authority the curiously spotted appearance of the type and only example of G. maculata is due to foreign matter.