Foreman.—A foreman is usually the head of a division or of a shop. He usually has under his jurisdiction groups of men generally working in different occupations.
Quarterman.—A quarterman usually has under his supervision more than one group in the same occupation. He is in line for promotion to foreman.
Leading man.—A leading man usually has under his supervision only a few men in the same occupation. He is in line for promotion to quarterman.
Artisans.—These are skilled workmen in the various trades. They are graded according to their knowledge and skill in several classes, such as first, second, and third class.
Helpers.—Men who work with artisans to assist them in their work are classed as helpers. Their work is such as may give some training in the trade with which they are associated.
Apprentices.—Young persons are employed as apprentices to learn trades. After sufficient training they may become artisans.
Laborers.—This class of workers are not supposed to possess any special skill or trade knowledge, and except under certain special conditions they are not eligible for promotion.
Wages for Different Grades
On the whole, higher wages are paid on the west coast than elsewhere. Foremen are paid according to the character and amount of work that they supervise. According to the present regulations a quarterman draws $2.88 per day more than the maximum pay of his occupation or trade. A leading man draws $1.44 per day extra pay over the highest pay of his trade. The wages of a man in the artisan group will vary according to his class and his particular trade or occupation. One of the highest paid trades is heavy forging at $11.84 per day. One of the lowest paid trades is that of glass workers, who receive $3.04 per day. On an average, a first-class artisan’s pay will run from $5 to $7 per day.
Helpers get from $4.32 to $5.12 per day. Apprentices in trade from $2.88 to $4.32, according to their class. Mechanics detailed for certain special work, such as inspecting or planning, get certain additional allowances.