.[6]
Quintilian (XII. 10, 31) says: "We close many of our words with the letter m, which has a sound something like the lowing of an ox, and in which no Greek word terminates." Priscian remarks, "M sounds obscurely at the end of words."
13. N: usually had the sound of the English n, "but before c, q, g, or x the sound of the English ng in "linger".
This n before a guttural, and technically known as a "guttural nasal," was called "n adulterinum;" so, according to Varro, the early Roman writers in such cases wrote it as a g; thus, agceps for anceps; agyulus for angulus; and so on, after the fashion of the Greeks.
14. O: ō practically had the sound of o in English "note"; ŏ like o in English "not".
The ō is regularly represented in Greek by ω, and the ŏ by Greek ο. Marius Victorinus (p. 33, Keil) says that o is produced with the lips extended and the tongue quiescent in the middle of the mouth. Martianus Capella (III. 261) says: "O is produced by breathing through the mouth made round." The character O is, in fact, believed to have been originally a pictorial representation of a rounded mouth.
15. P: always had the sound of English p.
The position of the vocal organs in uttering p is described by Martianus Capella (III. 261). It is always represented in Greek by π.
16. Q: is always followed by u, and had the sound of qu in English "queen".
(a) Qu is represented in Greek by κου, κυ, or κο. Thus, Quintus = Κοίντος; Quintilius = Κυιντίλιος; Quintilianus = Κουιντιλίανος.