[834] Scheel, ibid., p. 540.
[835] P. 211 f.
[836] Of the more modern works we shall mention only the Catholic one by H. Humbertclaude, “Erasme et Luther,” 1910, and the Protestant one by K. Zickendraht, “Der Streit zwischen Erasmus und Luther über die Willensfreiheit,” 1909. The latter, though on the whole supporting Luther, cannot help perceiving “the contradictions of the whole work ‘De servo arbitrio’” (p. 130), which led Ritschl, whom Kattenbusch follows, to call it an “unhappy piece of patchwork.” Although he characterises Luther’s ideas as “wholly the outcome of the Pauline spirit” (p. 134), yet he speaks of “Luther’s pantheistic determinism” (p. 197), and avers the “incompatibility” of the monistic pantheism which he finds here with the ethical dualism of his general train of thought (p. 168); the presence of “two contradictory theories” is, according to him, an undoubted “fact” (p. 141).
[837] “Werke,” Weim. ed., 18, p. 640; “Opp. Lat. var.,” 7, p. 162: “Ex mea parte unus Vuicleff, et alter Laurentius Valla, quanquam et Augustinus quem præteris, meus totus est.” Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, pp. 101, 103, 107.
[838] “Tischreden,” ed. Förstemann, 2, p. 66.
[839] Cp. “Luthers Werke,” Weim. ed., 18, p. 619, n.
[840] Zickendraht, ibid., p. 180 f.
[841] “Disputationen M. Luthers, 1535-1545,” edited for the first time by Paul Drews, Göttingen, 1895, p. 279 f.
[842] Ibid., p. 75.
[843] Ibid., p. 92, n. 29 ff. Drews points out (p. 90) that in the 1538 edition the whole of the theses De homine “are, strange to say, omitted.” Cp. also “Disputationen,” p. 11, n. 29: “Iustificati autem sic gratis tum facimus opera, imo Christus ipse in nobis facit omnia.” Also pp. 92, 94, 95, 266, 318, 481. On p. 160 we meet with the drastic expression: The depravation of human nature by original sin is so great, “ut suspirare ad Deum non possimus, nedum nos explicare aut bonum facere.” Hence there is an end to our “liberum arbitrium; sed restituetur nobis in resurrectione mortuorum, ubi rursum collocabimur in paradisum.”