[2] Journal of Mental Science, October 1889. This case may be compared with that of Maria Köster, given in the Appendix D, vi.
[3] Dr. H. Sutherland, West Riding Asylum Reports, vol. vi.
[4] Quoted by Despine, Psychologie Naturelle.
[5] Appendix by Dr. Paul Lindau to German translation of Lombroso, Der Verbrecher.
[6] See Introduction by W. C. Hazlitt to Wainewright’s Essays and Criticisms, 1880.
[7] Lombroso and some other authorities prefer the term “born criminal,” or “congenital criminal” (reo-nato). The term “instinctive criminal” seems to be safer, as it is not always possible to estimate the congenital element.
[8] Scenes from a Silent World. By a Prison Visitor. 1889.
[9] H. Joly, Le Crime, 1888, p. 269.
[10] Whoever wishes to study the modern professional criminal and his methods should consult Inspector Byrnes’ Professional Criminals of America. It is not a scientific work, and has no reference to anthropologic methods, but it contains a very large and valuable series of photographs of contemporary criminals of note, with a sketch of the career of each.
[11] The classification of criminals adopted in this chapter corresponds substantially with that of Professor Enrico Ferri, by him recognised as provisional. It is also, I find, almost identical with Dr. Colajanni’s.