Arianists, toleration of, [26], [44] f.

Aristotle, influence of, [448].
works of, translated, [566] f.

Arnold, bishop of Cologne, protects the Jews, [352].

Arnold of Brescia, [370].

Arnold of Citeaux, fanatical monk, [502], [507].

"Aruch," [290], [421].

Ashkaba (prayer for the dead), [101].

Asia, degeneration of the Jews of, [440] ff.
under the Abbassides, [437].

Asia Minor, Jewish communities of, [123] f.

Asma, Arabian poetess, [76].