10. Colonnade on platform, Erech.

11. The Ishtar ziggurat at Erech in Assyrian times.

12. Fertility god on cult-relief, from Assur.

13. The development of Mesopotamian writing. (arbitrary tokens are not included in column A.—See [p. 58] f.)

Columns: A Original pictograph B Pictograph in position of later cuneiform C Early Babylonian D Assyrian E Original or derived meaning Rows: 1 bird 2 fish 3 donkey 4 ox 5 sun, day 6 grain 7 orchard 8 to plow, to till 9 boomerang, to throw, to throw down 10 to stand, to go

14-16. Seal impressions of the Protoliterate period.