a + (b + 1) = (a + b) + 1,

which, apart from the difference of notation, is nothing but the equality (1), by which I have just defined addition.

Supposing the theorem true for c = γ, I say it will be true for c = γ + 1.

In fact, supposing

(a + b) + γ = a + (b + γ),

it follows that

[(a + b) + γ] + 1 = [a + (b + γ)] + 1

or by definition (1)

(a + b) + (γ + 1) = a + (b + γ + 1) = a + [b + (γ + 1)],

which shows, by a series of purely analytic deductions, that the theorem is true for γ + 1.