It was impossible to include in the tests the oil-silica film work, on account of lack of time. It is believed, however, that these tests should be conducted, as they would throw much light on the elasticity and strength given to paint films by various oils.

Table I.—(a) BoiledLinseed Oil (Resinate Type) 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.199711.9 12.5 12.7 13.1 12.8 12.7 —12.7 —12.6 —12.8 —12.8 —12.7 —12.9 —{Dried to firm, smooth film in
2 days.
Sabin 0.624214.4213.3712.5311.7 11.03—10.1710.3410.1210.00—9.69——9.04—8.68—8.13
Pickard 0.502710.2110.009.579.658.99—8.57—8.93—8.81—9.31—9.43——9.11—
Rogers
North		}0.602413.6913.0112.5012.2912.0012.25—11.64—10.73—10.68—11.18—10.68———{Tacky at end of 1st day. Nearly
dry, endof 2d day. Perfectly dry,
end of 10th day.
(b)Boiled Linseed Oil (Resinate Type)20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.193313.6 14.7 14.9 14.9 14.8 14.8 —14.8 —14.8 —14.7 —14.5 —14.7 —14.7 —{Dried to firm, smooth film in
2 days.
Sabin 0.36600.571.6610.5013.30——12.51—11.40——10.20——9.84————
Pickard 0.464012.4811.9211.4911.1010.84—9.48—7.41—7.56—8.36—8.54——8.51—
Rogers
North		}————————————————————
Table II.—(a) Boiled Linseed Oil(Linoleate Type) 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.122610.9 12.2 12.7 12.5 12.8 12.2 —12.2 —12.4 —12.1 —12. —12.1 —12.1 —{Dried firmly with smooth, even
film in 2 days.
Sabin 0.538414.3413.2612.1811.2910.75—9.8810.2510.019.91—9.60——9.12—8.37—8.30
Pickard 0.569610.2510.4110.2210.169.90—9.60—9.72—9.48—9.97—10.36——9.59—
Rogers
North		}0.330612.0911.3310.9411.1010.8611.25—10.87—9.72—10.02—10.62—10.46———{Tacky at end of 1st day.
Slightly tacky, end 2d day.Dry,
but curled, end of 10th day.
(b)Boiled Linseed Oil (Linoleate Type)20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.184311.8 13.9 15.1 15.2 15.0 14.6 —14.6 —14.5 —14.4 —14.4 —14.6 —14.7 —{Dried with smooth film in 2
days.
Sabin 0.579010.1415.7113.2912.1211.43—10.0510.269.559.32—8.84——8.46—7.68—7.55
Pickard 0.465312.4011.9011.5011.1110.90—9.37—8.53—7.48—8.43—8.02——7.27—
Rogers
North		}————————————————————
Table III.—(a) Lithographic Linseed Oil100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.40116.9 8.5 8.9 8.9 8.7 8.6 —8.6 —8.6 —8.6 —8.4 —8.4 —8.3 —{Dried to glossy, firm film,
slightly crinkled in 2 days. Oil
made very thick film on account
of heavy body.
Sabin 0.87330.873.855.146.076.40—6.847.227.367.57—7.75——7.98—7.83—7.80
Pickard 0.88123.605.195.996.786.97—7.38—7.42—7.44—8.01—8.03——7.99—
Rogers
North		}2.7318.051.051.051.041.081.169—.19—.752—1.184—1.641—2.00———{Remained sticky to 10 days,
and even at end of 38 days
was slightly tacky.
(b)Lithographic Linseed Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.130010.2 11.3 11.9 12.0 11.8 11.8 —11.8 —11.8 —11.6 —11.8 —11.9 —11.9 —{Dried to firm, glossy film in
2 days.
Sabin 0.775011.3511.4810.9310.7710.25—9.519.939.809.68—9.65——9.51—9.07—8.67
Pickard 0.65389.9410.4110.3910.359.93—9.54—9.36—8.99—9.61—9.70——9.13—
Table IV.—(a) Blown Linseed Oil 100Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.21058.5 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.0 9.9 —9.8 —9.8 —9.7 —9.8 —9.8 —9.9 —{Ropiness of oil made very thick
film, but dried in lessthan 2
days to smooth film. Films
exhibited ridges.
Sabin 0.83949.308.975.309.308.99—8.498.898.738.89—8.73——8.52—8.07—7.74
Pickard 0.84575.076.166.486.946.73—6.99—6.89—7.11—7.60—7.95——7.86—
Rogers
North		}1.03984.414.915.225.625.736.06—6.43—6.18—6.51—6.95—7.00———{Formed skin, end 1st day.
Slightly tacky, end 2d; dry, but
curled, end of 10th day.
(b)Blown Linseed Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.077410.4 12.8 13.1 12.9 12.1 11.9 —12.0 —11.8 —11.7 —11.6 —11.6 —11.8 —{Dried up to very glossy film
in 2 days.
Sabin 0.532911.8212.7610.9810.399.81—8.699.158.918.97—8.67——8.22—7.63—7.32
Pickard 0.621810.71——————————————————{Glass broke.
Table V.—(a) Mineral Oil 100Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.1632[8]12.5 [8]14.2 [8]16.7 [8]19.4 [8]19.4 [8]19.5 —[8]19.5 —[8]19.5 —[8]19.3 —[8]19.4 —[8]19.5 —[8]19.5 —{Oil lost in weight throughout
test on account of presence of
volatiles. No drying action
observed. Film wet at end of test.
Sabin ————————————————————{Broken before weighings were
made.
Pickard ————————————————————
Rogers
North		}0.1975[8]8.12[8]16.22[8]21.23[8]25.58[8]28.41[8]28.92—[8]35.25—[8]35.76—[8]43.86—[8]45.28—[8]48.08———{Remained oily during entire
test.
(b)Mineral Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.18846.4 6.8 7.2 7.8 8.1 7.9 —7.9 —8.1 —7.8 —7.8 —7.8 —7.8 —{Fair drying observed end of 2d
day. Film tacky until end8th
day; after that, fairly firm film
shown.
Sabin 0.566311.518.216.515.194.36—2.723.122.822.59—2.35——1.36—0.53—[8]0.14
Pickard 0.405 [9]9.66[9]8.92[9]6.82[9]6.03[9]4.68—[9]2.64—[8]0.30—[8]0.56—[8]0.04—[8]0.14——[8]0.86—
Rogers
North		}0.2598[9]6.69[9]5.06[9]2.88[9]1.52[9]1.29[9]1.68—[9]2.07—[8]0.08—[8]0.93—[8]0.54—————{Sticky, end of 1st day; tacky,
end of 2d day and end of
38 days.
Table VI.—(a) Soya Bean Oil 100 PerCent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.13777.5 8.4 9.5 12.8 12.9 12.7 —12.6 —12.5 —12.4 —12.3 —12.3 —12.3 —{Film tacky until 3d day. Clear
and fairly firm after 4th day.
Sabin 0.39729.799.698.567.607.09—6.006.226.005.54—5.36——4.73—4.23—3.70
Pickard 0.43669.879.879.358.668.13—6.44—4.88—4.26—4.99—4.94——4.94—
Rogers
North		}0.35648.257.587.026.746.466.74—6.46—5.40—5.59—5.80—5.67———{Sticky, end of 1st day; tacky,
end of 2d day; slightly tacky,
end of 10th and 38th days.
(b)Soya Bean Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.221811.5 11.8 12.5 13.9 14.0 14.0 —14.1 —14.1 —13.8 —13.6 —13.6 —13.6 —{Clear, firm film observed at
end of 2d day.
Sabin 0.287712.7812.7811.7412.2310.60—9.3510.089.769.59—9.59——9.00—8.09—8.00
Pickard 0.458113.1612.6411.8411.5011.01—9.15—7.29—6.61—7.43—6.96——6.66—
Rogers
North		}0.224911.7412.2710.389.439.669.75—10.29—9.08—8.18—8.95—————{Tacky at end of 1st and 2d days.
Dry, end 10th day.
Table VII.—(a) Rosin Oil100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.25901.5 1.5 1.8 3.0 5.2 4.9 —4.8 —4.8 —4.8 —4.8 —4.8 —4.8 —{Tacky throughout test.
Sabin ————————————————————
Pickard ————————————————————{Too much on. Showed
constantly increasing loss
owing tothe fact that it did
not dry and ran off glass.
Rogers
North		}0.48222.242.532.321.271.060.66—0.24—0.78—0.68—0.41—0.39———{Oily on 1st and 2d days. Tacky,
end of 10 and 38days.
(b)Rosin Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.16367.4 7.8 8.5 8.5 8.4 8.1 —8.0 —8.0 —8.0 —7.9 —7.9 —8.2 —{Film dried up nicely during 3d
day, but remainedslightly soft.
Sabin 0.71056.646.406.055.635.23—4.424.924.834.57—4.68——4.13—3.81—3.43
Pickard 0.401612.2111.4511.1310.5310.13—8.8 —8.12—7.45—8.27—8.52——8.62—
Rogers
North		}0.326311.4812.0210.6010.2610.4210.42—10.95—9.96—9.53—9.96—————{Oily at end of 1st and 2d days.
Slightly tacky, end of10th day.
Table VIII.—(a) Corn Oil 100 PerCent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.05741.9 4.2 4.6 4.8 7.5 7.1 —7.1 —7.1 —7.2 —7.1 —7.0 —6.9 —{Film soft and sticky throughout
test. Very soapy in appearance.
Sabin 0.5858[8]0.227.038.797.437.17—5.856.025.845.58—5.38——4.78—4.15—3.63
Pickard 0.49811.225.867.27[10]11.3511.35—11.37—6.26—4.97—5.62—5.34——5.34—
Rogers
North		}0.33004.637.277.146.996.696.93—6.84—5.11—5.17—5.38—5.17———
(b)Corn Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.16647.5 8.4 8.6 10.2 10.4 10.6 —10.5 —10.3 —10.3 —10.3 —10.2 —10.0 —{Film tacky at end of test.
Sabin 0.546913.0112.41—11.1311.52—11.2210.9810.389.64—9.07——8.38—8.77——
Pickard 0.371613.8112.9212.1611.7111.11—9.23—8.29—7.24—8.42—8.26——7.94—
Rogers
North		}0.171111.8711.699.788.338.508.62—9.61—8.16—7.00—8.28—————{Tacky, end of 1st and 2d days.
Dry, end 10th day.
Table IX.—(a) CottonSeed Oil 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.20264.5 4.8 4.8 5.1 8.6 8.7 —8.1 —7.9 —8.0 —8.0 —8.1 —8.0 —{Film showed very little hardening
and remained soft and tacky.
Sabin 0.72478.037.486.686.005.65—4.855.094.954.80—————————
Pickard 0.41357.047.166.626.245.78—3.72—2.08—1.72—2.52—2.35——2.32—
Rogers
North		}0.35836.675.614.854.654.374.71—4.57—2.97—3.11—3.39—3.39———{Tacky, end 2d day. Slightly
tacky, end 10th and 38th days.
(b)Cotton Seed Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.15168.5 8.7 9.1 10.8 11.9 11.8 —11.9 —11.9 —11.8 —11.8 —11.8 —10.7 —{Fair drying observed at end of
4th day. Filmslightly tacky at
end of test.
Sabin 0.949811.0011.1510.5810.179.82—9.029.429.359.27—9.32——8.81—8.24—7.92
Pickard 0.616010.9410.8110.5110.379.87—8.93—8.90—8.70—9.29—9.63——8.47—
Rogers
North		}0.255311.8311.8310.159.299.299.45—10.00—8.95—8.06—8.61—————{Tacky on 1st and 2d days. Dry
on 10th day.
Table X.—(a) SunFlower Oil 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.14146.3 8.2 11.5 11.6 11.5 11.5 —11.3 —11.3 —11.3 —11.3 —11.2 —11.0 —{Film fairly firm, end of 3d
day.
Sabin 0.62929.699.427.997.437.04—6.126.456.125.92—5.69——5.24—4.57—4.26
Pickard 0.58377.857.737.457.026.36—5.16—4.57—4.20—4.54—4.61——4.30—
Rogers
North		}0.25408.396.946.216.135.816.01—6.09—4.81—4.73—4.81—5.01———{Sticky, end 1st day; tacky, end
2d day; slightly tacky, end
10th day.
(b)Sun Flower Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.16009.5 11.0 11.1 11.3 11.4 10.9 —10.8 —10.8 —10.8 —10.6 —10.6 —10.9 —{Good firm, glossy film shown at
end of 2d day.
Sabin 0.503014.2114.2112.6614.0111.59—10.2410.6310.3410.34—10.27——11.33—10.73—10.30
Pickard 0.447012.6212.0211.4811.6510.25—8.14—6.26—5.54—6.22—5.82——5.35—
Rogers
North		}0.226111.5411.859.929.138.959.04—9.52—8.55—7.67—8.20—————{Dry on 1st, 2d and 10th days.
Table XI.—(a) MenhadenOil 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.19447.7 8.1 8.9 10.1 9.8 9.8 —9.8 —9.8 —9.8 —9.6 —9.6 —9.6 —{Good drying during 2d day.
Fairly firm film.
Sabin 0.528212.4712.1711.7011.4711.13—10.2811.2011.1511.02—11.37——10.85—10.34—9.90
Pickard 0.700510.7910.9810.8510.9010.57—9.27—8.48—8.27—8.91—8.75——9.21—
Rogers
North		}0.315011.2710.169.729.979.9410.27—10.36—8.80—9.22—9.40—9.31———{Sticky, end 1st day. Slightly
sticky, end 2d and 10th days.
(b)Menhaden Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.24488.5 10.4 12.2 12.9 12.9 12.9 —12.9 —12.9 —12.9 —12.8 —12.7 —12.9 —{Good firm, elastic film shown
after 2d day.
Sabin 0.495914.1113.4712.6812.0411.59—10.4411.0911.0410.74—10.90——10.18—9.48—8.93
Pickard 0.420113.1912.8812.2311.8111.17—9.50—8.48—7.77—8.33—8.24——8.12—
Rogers
North		}0.245610.9911.289.568.908.728.72—9.34—8.40—7.37—8.11—————{Nearly dry on 1st and 2d days.
Table XII.—(a) Raw Chinese WoodOil 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.22664.1 11.2 14.9 14.4 14.4 14.2 —14.2 —14.2 —14.2 —14.2 —14.2 —14.5 —{Film crystallized and remained
soft until 3d day. Hard but
opaque film shown after 4th day.
Sabin 0.5545——11.0211.5311.03—10.5310.7410.4710.27—10.22——9.80—9.25—8.86
Pickard 0.49330.592.095.137.568.68—10.11—9.65—9.43—9.77—9.73——9.33—
Rogers
North		}0.40360.542.805.106.006.277.09—8.39—8.01—8.55—9.13—9.27———{Sticky, end of 1st and 2d days;
dry but drawn,end of 10th day.
(b)Raw Chinese Wood Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.20879.0 12.1 12.9 12.8 12.8 12.8 —12.7 —12.6 —12.6 —12.5 —12.5 —12.7 —{Clear and firm film shown after
3d day.
Sabin 0.296714.4613.1111.7210.689.77—8.668.868.808.49—8.15——8.05—7.41—7.04
Pickard 0.368314.3713.6613.1112.4111.78—10.51—8.72—7.0 —8.82—8.39——7.98—
Rogers
North		}0.228511.9911.9010.149.309.089.30—9.70—8.90—7.34—7.78————— Dry at end of 1st day.
Table XIII.—(a) Chinese Wood Oil(Treated) 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.1678[8]38.0 [8]30.0 [8]28.0 [8]28.0 [8]28.0 [8]28.0 —[8]28.0 —27.5 —[8]26.0 —[8]26.0 —[8]26.0 —[8]26.2 —{Loss observed due to presence
of volatiles. Firm, clearfilm
shown at end of 1st day.
Sabin 0.4159[8]19.06[8]20.16[8]20.47[8]20.47[8]20.80—[8]21.09[8]20.87[8]20.98[8]20.78—[8]20.70——[8]20.97—[8]21.22—[8]21.11
Pickard 0.2934[8]0.92[8]0.410.720.790.13—0.22—0.46—0.44—0.43—0.42——0.43—
Rogers
North		}0.39373.533.583.253.253.332.93—2.55—3.40—3.23—2.61—2.48——— Dry at end of 1st day.
(b)Chinese Wood Oil (Treated)20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.16388.4 9.4 9.8 9.7 9.9 9.9 —10.0 —9.6 —9.5 —9.5 —9.5 —9.6 —{Clear and hard film shown
during 2d day.
Sabin 0.65729.258.077.366.756.25—5.495.875.705.67—4.37——5.15—4.69—4.17
Pickard 0.48928.938.718.448.167.95—6.75—5.99—5.50—6.40—6.01——5.87—
Rogers
North		}0.26443.213.482.151.581.561.77—2.30—1.62—0.86—1.50—————{Dry at end of 1st day.
Table XIV.—(a) 20 Per Cent. DryRosin in 80 Per Cent. Linseed Oil 100 Per Cent.
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Gardner 0.203012.0 14.1 14.8 14.2 14.5 14.0 —14.1 —14.1 —14.0 —14.0 —14.0 —14.1 —{Rapid drying observed. Hard
film shown during 2d day.
Sabin ————————————————————
Pickard 0.51853.768.769.209.208.49—9.07—9.01—9.09—10.50—10.16——10.18—
Rogers
North		}0.25541.8011.7812.1712.2912.0212.49—13.15—11.85—11.78—12.69—12.83———{Oily, end 1st and 2d days;
slightly tacky, end 10th day.
(b)20 Per Cent. Dry Rosin in 80 Per Cent. Linseed Oil20 Per Cent.
Raw Linseed Oil80 Per Cent.
Gardner 0.150010.9 13.5 13.6 13.0 13.0 13.0 —13.1 —13.1 —13.0 —12.9 —13.0 —13.2 —{Clear, hard film after 2d day.
Sabin 0.710514.1913.1711.8411.4610.87—9.8010.3310.4010.04—10.35——9.64—8.98—8.62
Pickard 0.456812.8612.7312.1312.0211.30—10.95—11.21—10.53—11.21—10.88——11.43—
Rogers
North		}————————————————————
Table XV.—(a) Raw Linseed Oil100 Per Cent.[11]
Observer.Wt. of Oil
for Test,
grams.		Percentage Increase in Weight, in Days.Remarks.
12345678910111213141516171819
Sabin 0.52740.260.510.112.359.14—14.4814.4814.1813.86—13.00——12.23—11.66—11.07
Pickard 0.532612.4212.3911.8811.8311.08—10.29—9.56—9.85—10.30—10.12——10.78—
(b) Drier 100 Per Cent.
Rogers
North		}0.344548.9548.5348.6848.6848.4848.26—48.43—48.89—48.22—48.22—————{Dry at end of 1st day.

[8] Lost in weight throughout test.

[9]Gained in weight throughout test.

[10] Moth got in.

[11] The test of this oil was made without the addition of 5 per cent. of drier, the quantity used in all the other tests.

CHAPTER III