Small herbs growing in water or in mud, with opposite entire leaves and small inconspicuous axillary flowers, with neither calyx nor corolla. (Flowers in summer).
| 1a. Completely submerged; leaves all linear | Water Starwort, Callitriche autumnalis. |
| 1b. Submerged leaves linear, emersed and floating leaves obovate | Water Starwort, Callitriche palustris. |
EMPETRACEAE, the Crowberry Family
Low evergreen shrubs, with the linear leaves completely rolled into a tube, and inconspicuous flowers without petals, in the axils of the leaves.
| One species in Michigan, 1-3 dm. high; leaves less than 1 cm. long; flowers in summer | Crowberry, Empetrum nigrum. |
LIMNANTHACEAE, the False Mermaid Family
Low herbs with alternate compound leaves and minute axillary flowers; sepals 3, petals 3, stamens 6.
| One species in Michigan, with stems 1-3 dm. long, and flowers in late spring | False Mermaid, Floerkea proserpinacoides. |
ANACARDIACEAE, the Cashew Family
Shrubs or small trees, with milky or resinous juice, alternate compound leaves sometimes poisonous to the touch, and small clustered greenish or yellowish flowers.