[139] Erskine to Canning, Dec. 21, 1807; MSS. British Archives.
[140] Erskine to Canning, Dec. 23, 1807; MSS. British Archives.
CHAPTER VIII.
December 22 Jefferson signed the Embargo Act; four days afterward George Rose arrived at Norfolk. The avowed object of his mission was to offer satisfaction for the attack upon the “Chesapeake;” the true object could be seen only in the instructions with which he was furnished by Canning.[141]
These instructions, never yet published, began by directing that in case any attempt should be made to apply the President’s proclamation of July 2 to Rose’s frigate, the “Statira,” he should make a formal protest, and if the answer of the American government should be unsatisfactory, or unreasonably delayed, he should forthwith return to England. Should no such difficulty occur, he was on arriving at Washington to request an audience of the President and Secretary of State, and to announce himself furnished with full powers to enter into negotiation on the “Chesapeake” affair, but forbidden to entertain any proposition on any other point.
“With respect to that object, you will express your conviction that the instructions under which you act would enable you to terminate your negotiation amicably and satisfactorily. But you will state that you are distinctly instructed, previously to entering into any negotiation, to require the recall of the proclamation of the President of the United States, and the discontinuance of the measures which have been adopted under it.”
After explaining that the disavowal and recall of Admiral Berkeley had taken away the excuse for interdicting free communication with British ships, and that thenceforward the interdict became an aggression, Canning directed that if the request be refused, Rose should declare his mission at an end; but supposing the demand to be satisfied, he was to disavow at once the forcible attack on the “Chesapeake.”
“You will state further that Admiral Berkeley has been recalled from his command for having acted in an affair of such importance without authority. You will add that his Majesty is prepared to discharge those men who were taken by this unauthorized act out of the American frigate; reserving to himself the right of reclaiming such of them as shall prove to have been deserters from his Majesty’s service, or natural-born subjects of his Majesty; and further, that in order to repair as far as possible the consequences of an act which his Majesty disavows, his Majesty is ready to secure to the widows and orphans (if such there be) of such of the men who were unfortunately killed on board the ‘Chesapeake’ as shall be proved not to have been British subjects, a provision adequate to their respective situation and condition in life.”
This disavowal, and the removal of Berkeley from command, were to be the limit of concession. The circumstances of provocation under which Berkeley had acted, greatly extenuated his procedure; “and his Majesty therefore commands me to instruct you peremptorily to reject any further mark of his Majesty’s displeasure toward Admiral Berkeley.”
The remainder of Canning’s instructions admits of no abridgment:—