History of the United States of America, Volume 6 (of 9) - Henry Adams

Eel River Miami Indians, ii. [71], [75].
Elections in 1809, i. [12], [13], [158];
in 1810, [215], [316];
in Massachusetts in April, 1811, ii. [115];
in April, 1812, [204];
in May, 1812, [209];
in New York, May, 1812, [209];
presidential, of 1812, [409], [410], [412–414].
Electoral College in 1808 and 1812, ii. [413].
Elliott, Jesse D., lieutenant U. S. navy, ii. [344];
cuts out British vessels at Fort Erie, [347].
Embargo, repeal of, i. [33];
Turreau’s complaints of repeal, [34], [35], [37];
Canning’s note on, [42];
revocation of orders attributed to, [75], [77];
John Taylor’s explanation of repeal, [195], [196];
approved by Napoleon, [254];
causes France to lose her colonies, [254];
its effect on the northwestern Indians, ii. [83];
for sixty days, recommended by the President, March 31, 1812, [193], [194], [195], [197], [198];
Foster’s report on, [199];
act passed by Congress, [201], [202].
England, financial dangers of, in 1809, i. [46], [47];
political decline of, [57], [58];
distress of, in 1811, ii. [2];
apathy of, upon American questions, [24];
change of tone between 1807 and 1812, [225], [270], [286];
war declared against, [228], [229];
distress of, in 1812, [268];
attitude toward the war, [405].
Eppes, John W., member of Congress from Virginia, chairman of Committee of Ways and Means in Eleventh Congress, i. [76];
his appropriation bills for 1810, [200];
his bill for reviving non-intercourse against Great Britain, [338];
maintains doctrine of contract with France, [341];
waits arrival of Serurier, [345];
amends his non-intercourse bill, [351];
quarrels with John Randolph, [352].
Erie, Fort. (See [Fort Erie].)
Erie, Lake, armaments on, ii. [296], [304], [317], [344].
Erskine, David Montague, British minister to the United States, i. [34];
his report, March 17, 1809, of Turreau’s anger at the repeal of embargo, [34], [35];
his threatening despatches of November and December, 1808, [49], [50];
his instructions of Jan. 23, 1809, [52–57], [66], [70–72], [90], [94], [111];
his reasons for exceeding instructions, [67], [70], [94];
his settlement of the “Chesapeake affair,” [67], [68];
“Chesapeake” settlement disavowed by Canning, [88], [89];
his settlement of commercial disputes, [70–73];
his commercial arrangement received in England, [87];
disavowed, [90], [95];
his explanation of the order of April 26, 1809, [82], [83];
his reply to Canning’s criticisms, [94];
his recall, [95];
effect of his disavowal in the United States, [109];
Jackson’s opinion of, [119], [120];
his farewell audience, [120];
effect of his arrangement on Napoleon, [139], [140], [141];
comparison between his pledges and those of Champagny, [301].
“Essex,” 32-gun frigate, her action with the “Alert,” ii. [35], [377];
arrives with despatches, [52], [56];
sails in July, 1812, [377];
returns to port, [378].
Essex county In Massachusetts, declaration of meeting, ii. [402].
Eustis, William, appointed Secretary of War, i. [9];
orders Wilkinson not to camp at Terre aux Bœufs, [172], [174];
authorizes Harrison to buy Indian land in the Wabash valley, ii. [82];
approves Harrison’s purchase, [85];
orders Harrison to preserve peace with Indians, [88], [93];
orders the Fourth Regiment to Indiana, [92], [93];
his lost letter of Sept. 18, 1811, to Harrison, [95];
appears before the Committee of Foreign Relations, [129];
his supposed incompetence, [168], [206], [392], [395], [396], [397], [398];
his duties in 1812, [168];
on recruiting, [294];
his letters to William Hull, announcing war, [299];
and ordering conquests in Canada, [302];
his orders to Dearborn to repair to Albany, [306], [308], [309];
and to take direction of militia at Niagara, [310], [321], [340];
resigns, [422].
Exchange, turn of, against England, in 1808, i. [47].

Fagan, agent of Fouché, i. [239].
“Federal Republican” newspaper, ii. [406], [407].
Federalist party, deprived of grievances, i. [77];
praise Madison, [78], [158];
make common cause with Jackson, [158];
described by Giles, [180].
Federalists, in Congress, Foster’s reports of their conduct and advice, ii. [171–175];
their reception of Henry’s documents, [183], [184];
cease attempts to discuss war, [227], [228];
their attitude towards the war, [398], [399];
support Clinton for the presidency, [410].
Fenwick, John R., lieut.-colonel of Light Artillery, ii. [352].
Ferdinand VII., proposed kingdom for, in America, i. [239];
cedes Florida by treaty of 1819, ii. [236].
Fernandina in East Florida, seized by United States, ii. [240];
occupation disavowed and maintained, [242], [243].
Finances in 1809, i. [163], [178];
customs-revenue in 1807, 1808, 1809, 1810, [290], [319];
military and naval appropriations of the Eleventh Congress, [357];
in 1811; ii. [126];
Gallatin’s estimates for war, [156–159];
war-taxes proposed by Gallatin, [166];
approved by the House, [166], [167];
laid aside, [167], [168];
in 1812, [432], [433];
in 1813, [438–448].
(See Loans.)
Findlay, James, colonel of Ohio volunteers, ii. [298], [315], [326].
Findley, William, member of Congress from Pennsylvania, favors war, ii. [145].
Florida, Napoleon’s retention of, i. [32], [33];
Napoleon insinuates an idea regarding, [408];
Foster instructed to protest against the seizure of, ii. [23];
his protest, [37];
Monroe’s reception of the protest, [38], [39].
Florida, East, Madison asks authority to occupy, i. [326], [327];
Congress authorizes occupation of, [327];
commissioners sent to take possession of, [327];
revolutionized, ii. [237–243];
bill for occupation of, [243].
Florida, West, revolution in, i. [307–315];
Madison orders occupation of, [310–312], [318];
Claiborne takes possession of, [313];
organized as part of Orleans Territory, [314];
protest of British chargé, [314], [315];
Giles’s bill for annexing to Orleans Territory, [320];
debate on annexation, [320–323];
Macon’s bill, admitting, as a part of Louisiana, [323], [324];
remains a separate territory, [326];
divided by act of Congress, ii. [236];
ceded by Spain in 1819, [237].
Forfeitures under the Non-importation act, ii. [436–443].
Fort Dearborn, Chicago, ii. [110], [294];
garrison massacred, [334].
Fort Erie, ii. [343], [347], [348], [358].
Fort George, ii. [300], [343], [347];
Brock’s headquarters, [341], [348], [349], [351].
Fort Harrison, ii. [95], [106], [294].
Fort Niagara, bombarded, ii. [355].
Fortifications, appropriation for, in 1809, i. [85];
appropriation asked for, in 1810, [319].
Foster, Augustus John, appointed British minister to the United States, ii. [16], [21];
F. J. Jackson’s opinion of, [22];
his instructions, [22], [23];
arrives at Washington, [37], [52];
protests against the seizure of Florida, [37];
reports Monroe’s language about Spanish America, [38];
protests against the non-importation, [39];
narrows the issue to Fox’s blockade and the Orders in Council, [40], [41];
reports Monroe’s language on the revocation of the French decrees, [42];
threatens retaliation for the non-importation, [44];
reports that the Orders in Council are the single object of irritation, [45];
settles the “Chesapeake” affair, [121], [122];
his report of executive temper in November, 1811, [131];
his report of Gallatin’s language about taxes, [156];
his report of the conduct of Federalists in Congress, [172–175];
receives instructions, March 21, 1812, [191];
communicates them, [192];
his report of Monroe’s remarks on recent French spoliations, [195], [198];
his report of Madison’s and Monroe’s remarks on the embargo of April, 1812, [199];
suggests Madison’s re-election, [213].
Fouché, Joseph, Duc d’Otrante, Napoleon’s minister of police, i. [222];
opposes the commercial system, [224];
sends an agent to the British government, [238], [239];
disgraced and exiled, [241].
France, alienation between United States and, i. [28–41], [141–151];
difficulties of commerce with, [152], [245];
value of spoliations in 1809, 1810, [242], [243];
contract with, [339], [340];
unfriendly language of the annual message toward, ii. [125];
Madison’s language regarding, [187], [218], [224];
theory of contract with, apparently abandoned, [223];
Monroe’s language regarding, [232].
(See [Napoleon].)
Fremantle, Colonel, letter on the situation of Parliament, i. [58].
Frigates. (See [Navy], “[President],” “[Constitution],” “[United States],” “[Chesapeake],” “[Congress],” “[Constellation],” “[Essex],” and “[Adams].”)
“Frolic,” British sloop-of-war, ii. [379];
her action with the “Wasp,” [380].
Fulton’s torpedo, i. [209].

Gallatin, Albert, Secretary of the Treasury, his appointment as Secretary of State defeated, i. [4–8];
his quarrel with Samuel Smith, [10];
his conversation with Turreau about the Floridas, [38], [39];
his remarks to Turreau on renewing intercourse with Great Britain, [74];
his letters on Erskine’s disavowal, [110], [111];
his expectations from Jackson’s mission, [110], [116], [117];
his feud with Giles, Smith, and Leib, [159];
his letter of remonstrance to Jefferson, [160], [161], [164];
his enemies, [167];
his annual report of 1809, [178];
his bill for excluding British and French ships, [183] (see [Macon]);
his remarks on Napoleon’s secret confiscations, [259];
his remarks to Turreau on revival of non-intercourse against England, [303];
gives notice of revival of non-intercourse against England, [304];
his annual report of 1810, [319];
his dependence on the bank, [329], [335];
asks an increase of duties, [357];
his letter of resignation, [360–366];
Serurier’s estimate of, ii. [46];
his annual report of November, 1811, [126];
attacked by Giles, [148], [149];
delays his estimates, [156];
his war-taxes, [156–159], [165], [166], [204];
reported June 26, [235];
his loan of 1812, [206], [207];
believed to think war unnecessary, [225];
complains of Congress, [234], [235];
reports tax-bills to Congress, [235];
his instructions at the outbreak of war, [301];
his opinion of Eustis, [397], [398];
claims department of State, [424];
his annual report of Dec. 5, 1812, [433], [438];
his views on the forfeiture of merchandise imported in 1812, [439], [440];
his attitude toward war-taxation, [446].
Gardenier, Barent, member of Congress from New York, his remarks on Jefferson and Madison, i. [79], [80];
supports Macon’s bill, [185];
cause of changing rule of previous question, [353].
Gaudin, Duc de Gaete, orders of, i. [348].
George III., king of England, becomes insane, i. [288]; ii. [2].
George, Prince of Wales, his Whig associations, ii. [3], [4];
becomes Prince Regent, Feb. 6, 1811, [14];
retains Spencer Perceval’s ministry, [14];
his audience of leave for William Pinkney, [16], [18–20];
his conditional declaration of April 21, 1812, that the Orders in Council should be withdrawn, [254], [282].
Gerry, Elbridge, elected governor of Massachusetts in 1810 and 1811, i. [215]; ii. [115];
defeated in 1812, [204];
nominated for the vice-presidency, [214];
elected, [413].
“Gershom,” American brig, burned by French squadron, ii. [193], [198].
Gholson, Thomas, member of Congress from Virginia, moves new rule of previous question, i. [353].
Giles, William Branch, senator from Virginia, defeats Gallatin’s appointment as Secretary of State i. [4–7];
votes for mission to Russia, [11];
his report on F. J. Jackson, [178], [179], [182], [183];
wishes energy of government, [180], [189];
his bill for the annexation of West Florida, [319], [320];
his speech on the Bank charter, [333];
his political capacity, [363];
reports bill for raising twenty-five thousand troops, ii. [147];
his speech attacking Gallatin, [148], [149];
his factiousness, [150];
his admission of errors, [154];
his speech on the volunteer bill, [161];
votes for war, [229];
votes against occupying East Florida, [243];
on seamen’s bill, [454].
Gore, Christopher, elected governor of Massachusetts in 1809, i. [12];
invites F. J. Jackson to Boston, [213];
defeated in the election of 1810, [215];
and in 1811, ii. [115].
“Grace Ann Greene,” American vessel released by Napoleon, i. [391].
Graham, John, his account of public opinion in Kentucky, ii. [394].
Grandpré, Louis, i. [306], [307].
Grenville, Lord, on Canning, i. [49].
Grétry, i. [235].
Grundy, Felix, member of Congress from Tennessee, ii. [122], [137], [196];
on Committee of Foreign Relations, [124], [128];
his speech in favor of war, [137–141];
favors large army, [152];
opposes war-power, [161];
against frigates, [164];
on embargo, [201];
on the political effects of war, [213];
on forfeitures, [443];
reports bill for regulation of seamen, [452], [453].
“Guerriere,” British frigate, ii. [25];
“Little Belt” mistaken for, [26–30];
Captain Dacres of, [37];
joins Broke’s squadron, [368];
chases “Constitution,” [370];
captured by “Constitution,” [372–375].
Gunboats, i. [168].

Hamilton, Paul, appointed Secretary of the Navy, i. [9], [206];
his orders to Commodore Rodgers of June 9, 1810, ii. [26];
of May 6, 1811, [25];
his supposed incompetence, [169], [290], [395], [398];
his orders to Rodgers, Decatur, and Hull in June, 1812, [363–365], [368];
his orders of September, 1812, [378];
resigns, [428].
Hammond, George, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, i. [45].
Hampton, Wade, brigadier-general in U. S. army, i. [169];
takes command at New Orleans, [175]; ii. [291].
Hanson, A. C., ii. [407].
Harper, Robert Goodloe, ii. [144].
Harrison, Fort, ii. [95], [106], [294].
Harrison, William Henry, governor of Indiana Territory, ii. [68];
his account of Indian affairs, [69–73];
his treaties of 1804 and 1805, [75], [77];
his influence in the dispute about slavery in Indiana, [75–77];
his interview with the Prophet in August, 1808, [80];
his treaty of Sept. 30, 1809, [83], [84];
his interview with Tecumthe of Aug. 12, 1810, [85–88];
his letter to Tecumthe June 24, 1811, [90];
his talk with Tecumthe July 27, 1811, [91];
instructed to avoid hostilities, [93];
raises military forces, [93];
sends army up the Wabash valley, [94];
constructs Fort Harrison, [95];
marches on Tippecanoe, [97];
his arrival, [98–100];
his camp, [102];
attacked, [103];
his return to Vincennes, [106];
Humphrey Marshall’s opinion of, [107];
his estimate of the effect of his campaign, [107], [108];
appointed by Kentucky to command expedition to recover Detroit, [392], [420];
unable to advance, [412].
Hauterive, Alexandre Maurice, Comte d’, charged with negotiations with Armstrong, i. [140], [141].
Hawkesbury, Lord. (See [Liverpool].)
Hay, George, his advice to Monroe, ii. [421].
Henry, John, secret agent of Sir James Craig, his report on disunion, i. [14];
recalled, [86];
demands money, ii. [176];
comes to Boston, [177];
employs Crillon to negotiate with Monroe, [178];
obtains fifty thousand dollars, [179];
sails for Europe, [180];
papers of, [182];
supposed effect of, in Florida affairs, [241];
Holland, exempted from the non-intercourse, i. [72], [90–92], [112].
(See [Louis Bonaparte].)
Holland, Lord, ii. [275].
Holstein, Duchy of, i. [413].
“Hornet,” sloop-of-war, brings despatches, ii. [215], [217];
cruises with Rodgers’ squadron, [365], [366];
at Boston, [378], [381];
her second cruise, [384];
blockades the “Bonne Citoyenne,” [384].
Howell, Jeremiah B., senator from Rhode Island, votes against occupying West Florida, ii. [243].
Hull, Isaac, captain in U. S. navy, commands “Constitution,” ii. [364];
his orders, [364];
chased by a British squadron, [369–371];
captures “Guerriere,” [372–375];
takes command at New York, [383].
Hull, William, governor of Michigan Territory, ii. [292];
appointed brigadier-general, [292], [298];
his advice regarding the defence of Detroit, [296];
his march to Detroit, [298];
his loss of papers, [300];
arrives at Detroit, [301];
invades Canada, [302], [317];
his proclamation, [303];
his required campaign, [311];
decides to besiege Malden, [312–314];
sudden discovery of his danger, [314], [315];
evacuates Canada, [315];
his situation at Detroit, [322–329];
his capitulation, [332], [334];
Jefferson’s opinion of, [336], [398].

Illinois Territory, population in 1810, i. [289].
Impressment becomes a casus belli, ii. [116–118];
not expressly mentioned as such by Pinkney, [18];
or in the annual message, [125];
treated by House Committee of Foreign Relations, [134], [135];
mentioned by Grundy, [139];
by Madison’s war-message, [222];
only obstacle to peace, [430–432], [450–452];
extent of, [451], [452].
Impressments, i. [74], [292], [351], [352].
India, career of Marquess Wellesley in, i. [266].
Indiana Territory, population in 1810, i. [289];
created in 1800, ii. [68];
its dispute about the introduction of slavery, [75];
adopts second grade of territorial government, [76].
Indians in 1810, i. [318];
in the Northwest, ii. [69];
their condition described by Governor Harrison, [69];
trespasses on their territory, [70];
effects of intoxication upon, [71], [72];
murders committed upon, [72], [73];
Jefferson’s policy toward, [73–75];
Harrison’s treaties with, in 1804 and 1805, [75];
Tecumthe and the Prophet, [78];
Jefferson’s refusal to recognize them as a confederated body, [79];
establishment at Tippecanoe Creek, [79–81];
their hostility to cessions of land, [82], [87];
their land-cession of Sept. 30, 1809, [83], [84];
their outbreak imminent in 1810, [85];
outbreak delayed by British influence, [85];
their interview with Harrison, Aug. 12, 1810, [86–88];
government wishes peace with, [89];
of the Six Nations in Upper Canada, wish to remain neutral, [319];
their employment in war by the British, [320];
murders by, [393], [394].
Infantry, Fourth Regiment of, ordered to Indiana July, 1811, ii. [92], [93];
arrives, [94];
part of the expedition to Tippecanoe, [96];
losses in the battle, [104];
its share in the battle, [107];
ordered to Detroit, [110];
marches to Detroit, [298];
at the battle of Maguaga, [325].
Invisibles, the, i. [363].

Jackson, Francis James, his reputation, i. [96].
appointed British minister to the United States, [97];
his instructions, [99–105];
sails for America, [105];
Gallatin’s expectations from, [111], [117];
arrives at Washington, [115], [116];
his impressions, [117–120];
his negotiation, [120–132];
rupture with, [132];
his anger, [154], [155];
his complaints, [156];
his reception in Baltimore and New York, [157];
discussed before Congress, [176], [178], [179], [182];
his letters from New York and Boston, [212–218];
returns to England, [219];
his treatment by Wellesley, [218], [219], [269], [271], [272];
his influence with the British government, ii. [13];
his account of Pinkney’s “inamicable leave,” [20];
his opinion of Augustus J. Foster, [22];
his death, [22].
Jackson, Mrs. F. J., i. [115], [157].
“Java,” British frigate, her action with the “Constitution,” ii. [385], [386].
Jefferson, Thomas, Turreau’s anger with, i. [34];
Gallatin’s remarks on, [38], [39];
the “National Intelligencer” on, [75];
Randolph’s remarks on, [78];
Robert Smith’s remarks on, [84];
intermediates with Monroe, [161], [162];
expenditures of his administration, [200], [205], [206];
considered too timid by Robert Smith, ii. [48];
his Indian policy, [69], [73–75], [78], [79], [81];
his opinion of William Hull, [336], [398];
his expectation of the conquest of Canada, [337];
his opinion of Van Rensselaer, [398].
Jesup, Thomas S., acting adjutant-general at Detroit, ii. [329].
Johnson, Richard Mentor, member of Congress from Kentucky, i. [197], [203]; ii. [122];
his war speech, [142];
on the dangers of a navy, [164];
on the treason of opposition, [212].
Jones, Jacob, captain in U. S. navy, commands the “Wasp,” ii. [379];
his action with the “Frolic,” [380];
captured, [381];
takes command of the “Macedonian,” [383].
Jones, Walter, his letter to Jefferson, on dissensions in Madison’s Cabinet, i. [188].
Jones, William, appointed Secretary of the Navy, ii. [428], [429].

Kentucky, enthusiasm for the war, ii. [390];
number of men in the field, [391], [393];
distaste for the regular army, [391], [394].
Key, Philip Barton, member of Congress from Maryland, i. [185].
King, Rufus, his supposed opposition to Clinton, ii. [410].

Labouchere, i. [238], [239].
Lambert, Henry, captain of the British frigate “Java,” ii. [385], [386].
Langdon, John, of New Hampshire, nominated for the Vice-Presidency, ii. [214].
Lansdowne, Marquis of, ii. [275].
Lauriston, Marquis de, French ambassador to Russia, i. [418].
Lee, Henry, crippled by Baltimore rioters, ii. [407], [408].
Leib, Michael, senator from Pennsylvania, i. [181], [189], [191]; ii. [229], [243];
votes against Bank charter, [337];
his political capacity, [364].
Licenses of trade, British, i. [59], [64];
scandal of, [273];
debate on, [274], [275];
Canning’s remarks on, [278], [280];
Sidmouth’s conditions on, [281];
Castlereagh proposes to abandon, [221], [282].
Licenses, Napoleon’s system of, i. [246–249];
promised abandonment of, [392], [393];
continued issue of, [400];
repudiated by Napoleon, [414], [417], [422];
municipal character of, ii. [43];
their continued issue, [54];
extension of, [250].
Lincoln, Levi, declines appointment as justice, i. [359].
Lingan, James Maccubin, killed by Baltimore rioters, ii. [407], [408].
“Little Belt,” British sloop of-war, affair of, i. [25–37], [45], [270].
Livermore, Edward St. Loe, member of Congress from Massachusetts, i. [184].
Liverpool, Lord, on American partiality to France, i. [50];
succeeds Castlereagh at the War Department, [263].
Lloyd, James, senator from Massachusetts, ii. [183].
Loan for 1810, i. [178];
of 1812, for eleven millions, ii. [169];
partial failure of, [207];
of 1813, for twenty millions, [433], [448].
Long, Charles, joint paymaster-general of the forces, i. [58].
Louis Bonaparte, king of Holland, resists Napoleon’s decrees, i. [146];
his interview with Armstrong, [147], [148];
threatened by Napoleon, [236], [237], [240];
stipulates seizure of American ships, [240], [274];
abdicates, [242].
Louisiana, government offered to Monroe, i. [162];
proposed as a kingdom for the French Bourbons, [239];
admitted into the Union, [323–326]; ii. [235].
Lowndes, William, member of Congress from South Carolina, ii. [122], [164];
his hostility to non-importation, [205], [234], [445], [448];
opposes compromise of forfeitures, [442].
Lyon, Matthew, member of Congress from Kentucky, i. [358].

McArthur, Duncan, colonel of Ohio militia, ii. [298], [326], [328], [332], [334].
“Macedonian,” British frigate, capture of, ii. [382], [383].
McKee, John, ii. [237].
Macon, Nathaniel, member of Congress from North Carolina, votes with Federalists, i. [182];
his bill for excluding British and French shipping, [183], [184];
bill defeated by Senate, [185], [191], [193];
Samuel Smith’s motives for defeating, [185–188], [192], [193];
his bill No. 2, [194], [195];
adopted by Congress, [197], [198];
his remark on manufacturing influence, [197];
his speech on reducing the army and navy in 1810, [201];
his bill admitting the State of Louisiana, with West Florida, into the Union, [323–326];
not candidate for speaker, ii. [123], [124];
his account of the opinions prevailing at Washington, [129];
supports war, [145];
his remark on France and England, [196].
Madison, James, inauguration of, i. [1];
his inaugural address, [2], [3], [4];
offers the Treasury to Robert Smith, [7], [379];
appoints Robert Smith Secretary of State, [8];
his Cabinet, [9], [10];
nominates J. Q. Adams to Russia, [11];
his letter to Erskine accepting settlement of the “Chesapeake affair,” [68–70], [89];
issues proclamation renewing intercourse with England, [73], [74];
his views of the change in British policy, [75], [76], [81], [83];
his message of May 23, 1809, [76], [77];
his popularity, [80], [85], [86];
on the disavowal of Erskine’s arrangement, [112];
revives non-intercourse against England, [114];
his negotiation with F. J. Jackson, [117], [122–132];
described by Jackson, [120];
his message of Nov. 29, 1809, [176], [177];
special message of Jan. 3, 1810, asking for volunteers, [179];
his opinions of Samuel and Robert Smith, [186];
dissensions in his cabinet, [188];
remarks on the experiment of unrestricted commerce, [210], [211];
his reply to Napoleon’s note on the right of search and blockade, [250];
his anger at Napoleon’s confiscations, [292];
his instructions of June 5, 1810, to Armstrong on Champagny’s reprisals, [293], [294];
his devotion to commercial restrictions, [293], [295];
his instructions of July 5, 1810, to Armstrong requiring indemnity, [295], [296], [297], [299];
his decision to accept the conditions of Champagny’s letter of August 5, [296–301];
revives non-intercourse against Great Britain, [303], [304];
takes military possession of West Florida, [308–312], [318];
his supposed character, [310];
his annual message of Dec. 5, 1810, [314], [317–319];
asks authority to take possession of East Florida, [327];
appoints commissioners for East Florida, [327];
decides to enforce the non-intercourse against Great Britain, [347];
his doubts regarding Napoleon’s folly, [350];
his irritation at Smith’s proposed inquiry from Serurier, [350], [351];
offers the State Department to Monroe, [366], [372], [374];
his parting interview with Robert Smith, [375–377];
his anger with Smith, [378];
his translation of bien entendu, [387], [388];
his success in maintaining his own system in the Cabinet, ii. [61], [62];
his discontent with Napoleon’s conduct, [63], [64], [125], [187], [218], [224];
his orders to maintain peace with the northwestern Indians, [88], [93];
his attitude toward war with England, [118], [125], [129], [131], [175], [196], [197], [213];
his annual message of Nov. 5, 1811, [124];
entertains Crillon, [179], [185];
his message communicating Henry’s papers, [181];
his embargo message, [193], [198], [199];
his comments on the conduct of the Senate, [203];
sustains non-importation, [205];
renominated for the presidency, [214];
perplexed by the French decrees, [218];
his letter to Barlow threatening war on France, [218], [259];
his view of the “immediate impulse” to war with England, [220], [226];
his war message, [221–226];
signs declaration of war, and visits departments, [229];
his measures regarding East Florida, [237], [239], [241], [243];
his remarks on Napoleon’s Russian campaign, [265];
his remarks in August, 1812, on the Canadian campaign, [337];
re-elected President, [413];
wishes Monroe to command western army, [419], [420], [425];
his annual message of 1812, [430–433].
Maguaga, battle of, ii. [325].
Malden, British trading post on the Detroit River, ii. [73], [80], [85], [300];
to be besieged by Hull, [303], [314];
British force at, [312], [313].
Manufactures, growth of, in 1809–1810, i. [15–19];
political influence of, [197];
protection of, [319].
Maret, Hugues Bernard, Duc de Bassano, Napoleon’s secretary, i. [143];
succeeds Champagny as Minister of Foreign Affairs, [401];
his report to Napoleon of March 10, 1812, ii. [216], [253];
his negotiation with Joel Barlow, [248–263];
his instructions to Serurier of October, 1811, on the revocation of the Decrees, [248], [249];
communicates Decree of St. Cloud to Barlow and Serurier, [255–257];
his instructions to Dalberg, [260];
invites Barlow to Wilna, [263];
dismisses his guests, [264].
Marmont, Marshall, his story of Decrès, i. [222].
Marshall, Humphrey, on W. H. Harrison, ii. [107].
Maryland, her electoral vote, ii. [406], [413].
Massa, Duc de, letter from, i. [347].
Massachusetts, election of 1809, i. [12];
tonnage of, [15];
manufactures of, [17–19];
resolutions of legislature regarding F. J. Jackson, [214];
election of, 1810, [215];
Republican control of, in 1810 and 1811, ii. [115];
Federalists recover control of, in 1812, [204];
gives trouble to Dearborn, [305];
refuses to obey call for militia, [309];
temper of, [397–401], [409];
Federalist majority in the Congressional elections of 1812, [413].
Massassinway, council at, ii. [111].
Matthews, George, appointed commissioner to take possession of East Florida, ii. [237];
his proceedings, [238–240];
disavowed, [240–242].
Mecklenburg, Grand Duchy of, closes its ports to American commerce, i. [413].
“Melampus,” British frigate, ii. [25].
Merry, Anthony, i. [118], [119], [120], [121].
Message, first annual of President Madison, May 23, 1809, i. [76];
annual, of Nov. 29, 1809, [176–178];
special, of Jan. 3, 1810, asking for volunteers, [179];
annual, of Dec. 5, 1810, [317–319];
special, of Feb. 19, 1811, on the revocation of the French decrees, [347], [348];
annual, of Nov. 5, 1811, ii. [124–126];
special, of March 9, 1812, communicating John Henry’s papers, [181];
special, of April 1, 1812, recommending an embargo for sixty days, [198];
of April 24, 1812, asking for two Assistant Secretaries of War, [206];
of June 1, 1812, recommending a declaration of war with England, [221–226];
annual, of Nov. 4, 1812, [430–433].
Michigan territory, population in 1810, i. [289].
Michillimackinaw, Island of, ii. [294];
captured by British expedition, [314], [320].
Militia, constitutional power of Congress over, ii. [159], [160], [400];
Cheves’s opinion on the war power, [160];
act authorizing call for one hundred thousand, [204], [390];
refuses to cross the frontier, [351], [352], [360];
of Kentucky, [391], [393].
Miller, James, Lieutenant-Colonel of Fourth U. S. Infantry, at Detroit, ii. [326], [328].
Mitchell, D. B., Governor of Georgia, ii. [242].
Mobile, ii. [236].
Monroe, James, Madison’s advances to, i. [159], [161], [162];
his state of mind, [162];
offered the State Department, [366];
his acceptance and policy, [368–374];
takes charge, [380];
Secretary of State, April 1, 1811, ii. [50];
his sensitiveness about the title to West Florida, [38];
his reply to Foster’s protest against the seizure of Florida, [38], [39];
blames Jonathan Russell for questioning the revocation of the French decrees, [42];
asserts the revocation of the French decrees, [42], [43];
abandons task of reconciliation with England, [44];
requires revocation of the Orders in Council, [45];
delays Barlow’s departure, [50];
his remonstrances to Serurier about Napoleon’s conduct, [51], [54], [188], [189], [194], [195], [200], [217];
his remarks on protection accorded to commerce, [58];
his acceptance of Madison’s policy, [59–61];
affirms to Foster the repeal of Napoleon’s decrees, [65];
his letter of June 13, 1812, to John Taylor, of Caroline, [66];
his language to Serurier, in October, 1811, [120];
informs Serurier, in November, of executive plan, [129];
agrees to assist the independence of Spanish America, [130];
negotiates purchase of Henry’s papers, [178–180];
his remarks to Foster on Wellesley’s instructions, [192];
his conference with House Committee of Foreign Relations, March 31, 1812, [197];
his remarks on the embargo, [199], [200], [202];
his relations toward Matthews and the occupation of East Florida, [238], [240], [241], [242];
his criticisms on the conduct of the war, [396], [397];
assures Serurier he will not negotiate for peace, [415];
proposes to negotiate, [416];
proposes to take a military commission, [419], [420];
hesitates between civil or military control of the war, [421–423];
becomes acting Secretary of War, [423];
excites jealousy, [424], [425];
abandons military career, [425], [426];
offers to prohibit the employment of foreign seamen, [451].
“Moniteur,” The, ii. [253].
Montalivet, Comte de, Napoleon’s Minister of the Interior, i. [221];
his efforts for American commerce, [223], [224].
Moore, Sir John, his Spanish campaign, i. [26], [47], [48].
Morier, J. P., British chargé at Washington, i. [219];
his protest against the seizure of West Florida, [315].
Mountmorris, Lord, i. [265].

Napoleon, his Spanish campaign, i. [22–28];
his severity toward American commerce, [30–32];
withholds Florida, [32], [33];
his causes for rupture with the United States, [39], [40];
his war with Austria in 1809, [106], [134];
learns the repeal of the embargo and of the British Orders, [136];
his first reply to Armstrong’s communication, [137];
drafts Decree withdrawing the Milan Decree, [139];
cause of his hesitation, [140], [141];
lays aside his repealing Decree, [141];
his draft of Vienna Decree of August 4, 1809, [143], [144], [230], [233], [236];
his view of the right of search, [137], [145], [149];
quarrels with his brother Louis, [146], [147];
his increased severity toward the United States, [150–152], [220];
calls a Cabinet council on commerce, Dec. 19, 1809, [220], [221];
discussions with Montalivet, [221], [223];
his note to Gaudin on American ships, [224];
his want of money, [225], [226], [237];
calls for a report from Champagny, Jan. 10, 1810, [226], [227];
his dislike for Armstrong, [228], [229];
his condition for the revocation of his Decrees, [229];
his draft of note asserting retaliation on the Non-intercourse Act, [230], [231];
his reply to Armstrong’s remonstrances, [234], [235];
his memory, [235];
his decree of Rambouillet, [236];
his threats of annexing Holland, [238], [246];
his annexation of Holland, [241], [242];
his reflections on Macon’s act, [244], [245];
his license system, [246];
his instructions to Champagny ordering announcement that the Decrees will be withdrawn, [253];
dictates letter of August 5, 1810, [253];
his idea of a trap, [257], [383];
his instructions of Dec. 13, 1810, on the non-intercourse and the Floridas, [384];
on commercial liberties, [386];
his address of March 17, 1811, to the deputies of the Hanse Towns, [396], [397];
his address of March 24, 1811, to the Paris merchants, [398], [399], [420];
appoints Maret in place of Champagny, [401];
orders a report on American commerce, [402], [403];
admits American cargoes, May 4, 1811, [404];
his instruction of August 28, 1811, about Spanish America and Florida, [407], [408];
his rupture with Russia and Sweden, [408–427];
his order of May 4, 1811, opening his ports to American commerce, ii. [44], [59];
probable amount of his spoliations, [247];
his restrictions on American commerce, [247];
goes to Holland, Sept. 19, 1811, [248];
his interview with Joel Barlow, [249];
his extension of the license system in January, 1812, [250];
his seizure of Swedish Pomerania, [251], [252];
his decree of St. Cloud, April 28, 1811, [255], [256];
his departure for Poland, May 9, 1812, [258];
enters Russia, [259], [288];
his battle at Borodino, Sept. 7, 1812, [263];
enters Moscow, Sept. 15, 1812, [263];
begins his retreat, [264];
his passage of the Beresina, [264];
his return to Paris, December, 1812, [265].
“National Intelligencer” on renewal of intercourse with Great Britain, i. [75];
on Erskine’s disavowal, [109], [110];
Joel Barlow’s letter in, [299].
“Nautilus,” sloop-of-war, captured, ii. [369], [386].
Navigation Act, moved by Macon, i. [183].
Navy, in 1809, i. [168], [169];
reductions in 1810, [200–207];
opposed by Republican party, ii. [162];
increase refused by Congress in January, 1812, [164];
condition of, in June, 1812, [363], [364];
distribution of, in September, 1812, [377], [378];
movements and battles of, in 1812, [362–387];
increase of, [436], [449].
(See “[Constitution],” “[President],” “[United States],” “[Constellation],” “[Chesapeake],” “[Congress],” “[Essex],” “[Adams],” “[Wasp],” “[Hornet],” “[Argus],” “[Syren],” “[Nautilus].”)
Nelson, Roger, member of Congress from Maryland, i. [202], [203].
New Hampshire, becomes Federalist in 1809, i. [13].
New Orleans, i. [170].
“New Orleans packet,” seized under the Berlin and Milan Decrees, ii. [8];
by a “municipal operation,” [42], [43].
New York city, described by F. J. Jackson, i. [213];
population in 1810, [289].
New York State, election of 1809, i. [13];
banking mania in, ii. [208];
election in May, 1812, [209];
nominates De Witt Clinton to the presidency, [215];
recruiting in, [305].
Niagara, military importance of, ii. [304], [310];
force at, [311], [320], [341], [344];
force raised to six thousand men, [345];
Van Rensselaer’s campaign at, [346–353];
Alexander Smyth’s campaign at, [353–358];
sickness of troops at, [359].
Niagara, Fort. (See [Fort Niagara].)
Nicholas, Wilson Cary, member of Congress from Virginia, on the appointment of Gallatin as Secretary of State, i. [4], [5], [6];
resigns from Congress, [76].
Non-intercourse, list of measures, i. [194].
Non-intercourse Act of March 1, 1809, its effect on commerce, i. [35], [36];
English view of, [62];
affected by Erskine’s arrangement, [80], [88], [90];
revived by Erskine’s disavowal, [111], [114], [115];
communicated to Napoleon, [135];
communication denied by Napoleon, [232], [234], [235], [254];
Champagny’s complaints of, [140];
Napoleon’s retaliation on, [143], [150], [151], [230], [232], [254], [255];
its mischievous effects in America, [164], [165], [166], [178], [184];
about to expire, [183];
suspended, [195–198], [210];
revived by proclamation of Nov. 2, 1810, [302], [303], [304].
Non-intercourse Act of May 1, 1810, its passage, i. [194–198], [274];
its effect on Napoleon, [220], [244], [255];
its effect in England, [273–276];
its condition precedent to reviving non-intercourse, [297];
creates a contract, [342] [395], [396].
Non-intercourse Act of March 2, 1811, reviving act of March 1, 1809, moved by Eppes, Jan. 15, 1811, i. [338];
decided upon, [347];
amended, [351];
reported, [352];
passed, [354], [391];
its effect on Napoleon, [393], [394], [400], [404];
Foster’s instructions on the, ii. [23];
his protest against, [39];
his threat of retaliation, [44], [124];
not noticed by Napoleon, [56];
an intolerable burden to the United States, [140];
efforts to suspend, [205], [230–234], [447];
not retaliated by England, [270];
forfeitures under, [438–443];
Calhoun on, [444];
bill for stricter enforcement of, [448].