Virginia Architecture in the Seventeenth Century

by Henry Chandlee Forman

Abingdon Glebe, [27], [57]
Accohannocks, [1]
Accomack Co. (Va.), [14], [41], [58], [59]
Accowmacks, [1]
Act of 1639, [49];
of 1662, [49]
Albemarle Co. (Va.), [5]
Alehouse, of Thomas Woodhouse, [58]
Alford, John, [29]
Algonquian, [1], [5]
Allen, Arthur, [41]
Ambler Manuscripts, [38], [45]
Anglo-Saxons, [3]
"Arches" (church), [54]
Architectural details, heritage of, [63]
Architecture, American Indian, [1], [21], [34], [69];
Dutch, [24];
English, [18], [69];
English styles of, in Va., [21], [22], [28], [69];
Georgian, [25], [27], [62], [69];
Gothic Revival, [70];
"Hangover" Jacobean, [70];
"Hangover" Medieval, [69];
"Hangover" Transitional, [70];
Jacobean, [24], [42], [55];
medieval, [18], [23], [28];
Transitional, [23], [25], [26], [57], [62], [70].
see also Indian Architecture, Medieval Style
Arms, of Great Britain, [64]
Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, [vi]
Athens, Greece, [43]
Ayres family, [vi]
Back Street, [46]
Bacon, Nathaniel, [41], [60]
Bacon's Castle, [24], [41], [55], [60]
Bagnio, Indian, [12], [13]
Baltimore, Lord, [16], [47]
Bath houses, Indian, [12], [13]
Bathing, Indian, [13]
Bay (unit), [31]
Bedford Co. (Va.), [1], [6]
Belmont, [26]
Berkeley (plantation), [30], [32]
Berkeley, Sir William, [16], [43], [44], [48]
Bermudas, [62]
Bin House, [36], [46]
Bland, Theoderick, [58]
Bond Castle (Md.), [41]
Bone-house, Indian, [11]
Bowl, slipware, [A]
Branding Iron, [20]
Brick Church, Jamestown, [46], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [55], [57], [60]
Brick construction, [29], [33]
Brick houses, half-and-half, [33]
Bricklayer, first, in Va., [33]
Bricks, Dutch, [66];
English statute, [65], [66];
ovolo, [65]
Brickwork, black-diapered, [23];
Jacobean, [43], [53];
mouse-tooth, [E];
rubbed (gauged), [55], [57], [65];
seventeenth-century, in Va., [33], [64], [65]
Bridges (wharves), [14], [36]
Bridges, Indian, [14]
Britain;
see England
Brunswick Co. (Va.), [15]
Bruton Church, Second, [24], [55]
Buildings, on a Virginia plantation, [35], [36];
public, [58]
Buttery (bottlery), [40], [42], [58]
Cairns, [6]
Calvert, Cecilius, [47]
Camping stations, Indian, [13]
Capitol, [25], [48], [59]
Casement;
see Window
"cats," [34]
Ceiling, plastered, at Sherwood's, [64];
of Indians, [15]
Cell (aisle), [26], [27], [44], [49]
Cellar, wine, [50]
Ceremonial centers, Indian, [14]
Chapels of ease, [50]
Charleton, Stephen, [30]

Chelsey, Richard, [28]
Cherokees, [2], [6], [15], [16]
Chesapeake Bay, [35]
Chew family, [vi]
chimney, board, [34];
"catted," [34];
pyramid, [19], [23], [24], [39];
T-, [40];
wooden (Welsh), [33], [34]
Chimney-pent, [39]
Chote (Tenn.), [16]
Christ's Cross, [41], [42], [43], [57], [67]
Church, Argall's, [51];
at Hog Island, [51];
cruck, [31], [50];
elements of medieval, in Va., [50], [56];
Elizabeth City, [51];
First Hungars, [54];
first, on Eastern Shore, [30], [31], [51];
interiors, [55];
Lord Delaware's, [50];
Merchant's Hope, [55];
new in 1636, at Jamestown, [51], [52];
of 1607, [28], [31];
palisaded, [30], [31];
Poplar Spring, [55];
Second Bruton, [24], [55];
Second Hungars, [54];
Second Lynnhaven, [56];
second, on Eastern Shore, [31];
Second York, [57];
transitional, [57];
Ware, [57];
Yeocomico, [57].
see also Brick Church; St. Luke's Church.
Claiborne, William, [30]
Clapboards, [32], [54]
Clough's tomb, [52]
Cock's Head hinge, [39], [48], [67], [68]
Cole, John, [58]
College, William and Mary, [61], [62]
Colonial style, a misnomer, [23], [53]
Colonnade, in Va., [36]
Construction, English medieval, [29], [32], [33], [34]
Cornice, medieval, in Va., [D]
Corotoman, [35]
Cottage Period, the, [28], [33], [37]
Cotton, Reverend, [30]
Council Room, [16]
Country house, development of, [37];
see also Governor's House
Country-Ludwell-State House block, Jamestown, [49], [59]
Court House, in Northampton Co., [58];
in Va., [58];
on Eastern Shore, [58];
Room, [60]
Cross-house, the, [41], [42], [43], [60]
Crotchets;
see Cruck
Cruck, [29], [31], [50]
Curtain, the, in Va., [41]
Cuspings (gable), [42]
Dale, Sir Thomas, [30]
Dancing Grounds, Indian, [14]
Darby's Grist Mill, [59]
Daubing;
see Wattles
Decorated Style (window), [18], [53]
Delaware, Lord, [50]
Dome, gored, Indian, [12]
Don Miguel (spy), [66]
Door, battened, [40];
earliest brick, in Va., [52];
English Gothic, [57], [65];
transitional church, [57];
Tudor, [42], [57];
wicket, [57]
Double House, back of John White's Land, [46], [50];
on land of Reverend Thomas Hampton, [46], [48], [51], [66]
Duplex house, [45], [48]
Dutch brick, [66];
oven, [39], [65]
Dwelling, see House
Early Cell type, [27]
Eastern Shore, [1], [10], [30], [31], [34], [36], [37], [40], [51], [55], [58]
Elizabeth (Queen), [19]
Elizabeth City, [51]
Elizabethan Style of architecture, [19], [24], [44]
Empire, British, [19]
England, [18], [19], [22], [24], [28], [29], [30], [31], [42], [53], [65], [66]
English arbor houses, [34]
English bond, [33], [40], [52]
English Gothic Style, [18], [19], [23], [53]
English medieval construction, types of, employed by Indians, [34]
English statute bricks, [65], [66]
English Tudor Style;
see Tudor Style
Factory, Glass, of 1608, [59], [66]
Fairfield, [66]
Fences, Indian, [8], [14], [35];
pale, [30], [35];
"Park-pale," [30]
Fen's Point, [26]

Finland, [13]
Firebed, Indian, [9], [10], [13], [35]
Fireplace, back-to-back, [48], [49], [50];
diagonal, [26];
hooded, [34];
ornate, in Va., [66]
First Hungars Church, [54]
First State House, Jamestown, [20], [46], [47], [48], [62], [67];
cellar plan of, [47]
Fishing Creek, [31]
Flemish bond, [52]
Florida, [17]
Folsom points, in Va., [1]
Fort, at Dutch Gap, [30];
at Henrico, [30];
at Kent Island (Md.), [30];
at Old Point Comfort, [30];
at the "Town," [30;]
first, on Jamestown Island, see James Fort; Indian towns
Foster's Castle, [41]
Four Mile Tree (plantation), [29]
Fourth State House, Jamestown, [60], [61], [62]
Fresco, at Jamestown, [63]
Furnace, glass, [59], [66]
Furniture, Indian, [9], [10]
Gables, curvilinear, [24], [42];
crow-step, [52], [53]
Gallery, latticed, [51]
Gardens, in Va., [36]
Garret, the eastern, [60]
Garter, plaster, at Jamestown, [64]
Geometric Style (window), [53]
Georgia, [6], [16]
Georgian mansion, the, [25], [37]
Georgian Style, in Va., [25], [27], [62], [69]
Glass House, of 1608, [59], [66]
Glass House Point, [66]
Glassmaking, at Jamestown, [66]
Glebes, [57], [58];
see also Abingdon Glebe
Gloucester Co. (Va.), [27], [55], [57], [66]
Gothic arch, [31]
Gothic Revival, [70]
Gothic Style of architecture, [18], [19], [53];
see also Medieval Style
Governor, His Majesty's, [63], [64]
Governor's Castle (Md.), [43]
Governor's House, Jamestown, [45], [46], [63];
drawing of, [45]
Governor's Palace, [69]
Great Plains, the, [6]
Great Room;
see Hall
"Greate Road, the," from Jamestown, [14]
Green Spring, the, [16], [36], [43];
pre-Berkeley house at, [44]
Gregory-Forman theory, [46]
Guillotine window;
see Window
Half-and-half work, [33]
Half-timber work, [23], [29], [32], [33]
Hall (Great Hall, Great Room), [37], [38], [39], [42], [43], [63]
Hall, Assembly, [60]
Hall-and-parlor house, [39], [40], [48], [58]
Hampton (Va.), [2]
Hampton Court, [18]
Hampton, Reverend Thomas, [46], [48], [51], [66]
Hardware, diagram of, [68];
distribution of, at Jamestown, [38];
drawing of door and furniture, from Jamestown, [68];
furniture, [67], [68]
Harmanson tract, [14]
Harvey, Sir John, [48], [66]
Hearth, central, [35]
Henrico, City of, [32], [33]
Henrico Co. (Va.), [41]
Henry VIII, [19]
Hog Island Church, [51]
Hood, fireplace, [34]
"Hortyards," in Va., [36]
House, ale, [58];
arbor, [6], [7], [8], [10], [34];
bath, [12];
beehive, [6];
Bin, [36], [46];
brew, [58];
cell, [26], [27];
"central-passage," [40];
country, [35], [37];
cruck, [31], [32];
double, in Va., [45], [48];
double-parlor, [43];
earth, [29];
"fair" or "English," [32];
first brick, in Va., [33];
first pre-fabricated, in Va., [32];
"hall-and-parlor," [39], [40], [48], [58];
hunting, Indian, [13];
Indian "row," [15];
May's, at Jamestown, [38];
of Burgesses, [60];
on land of Issac Watson, [38], [46];
on land of Thomas Hampton, [46], [48], [66];
medieval, one-bay, [23], [37], [38], [39];
puncheoned, [30], [31];
pre-Berkeley, [44];

"quartering," [58];
row, [44], [45], [47], [48], [49];
Sherwood's, [63], [64], [65];
the town, [44], [47];
thatched, [34];
timber-framed, [32], [45];
triplet, [50];
two rows of, at Jamestown, [32], [45];
types of, in Va., [23], [28], [29];
wheat, [37].
See also Cross house, Indian Architecture
Hunting houses, Indian, [13]
Huts, or booths, [28], [29], [37]
Indian architecture, [1], [15], [21], [69];
building methods on English, influence of, [34];
council chamber, [16];
designs, [15], [34];
houses, [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [34];
hunting houses, [13];
landing, [14];
plastered ceilings, [15];
sculpture, [11], [12], [14];
towns, [2];
tribes, [1].
See also Mounds
Ingle recess, [38]
Ionic capital, at Athens, [43];
at Christ's Cross, [42], [43]
Iron, branding, [20];
wrought-iron, in Va., [66]
Iroquoian, [2], [5]
Isle of Wight Co. (Va.), [52]
Italy, [22]
Jacobean capital, [42], [43], [67];
enframements, [42];
gable, [24], [42], [55];
pediment, [42], [53];
quoins, [53];
scrolls, [43], [55];
style of architecture, [19], [23], [24], [55]
Jail, [58];
see also Prison
James City;
see Jamestown
James Fort, fire at, [34];
near Governor's House, [46];
painting of, [44];
plan of, [29], [30];
shape of, [28], [29];
site of, [22], [46]
James River, [1], [2], [5], [13], [28], [30], [48], [51]
Jamestown (James City), [14], [16], [17], [33], [35], [36], [38], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [50], [51], [55], [58], [59], [61], [64], [65], [66]
Jamestown Brick Church, [46];
see also Brick Church
Jamestown Island, [28], [29], [31], [46], [64], [69]
Jamestown Museum, [44]
Jefferson, Thomas, [5]
Jenifer, Daniel and Anne, [59]
Jerkin (roof), [26]
Jesuits, [17]
Jones, Inigo, [22]
Kecoughtan, [2]
Keeling House, [40]
Kiln, brick, [36], [65];
lime, [36];
pottery, [36], [59]
King's Creek, [31]
King's House, Indian, [10]
Kocher, Lawrence, [44]
Lamb's tongue, [39]
Lancaster Co. (Va.), [27], [35]
Late Cell type, [27]
Latrobe, Benjamin, [43]
Linenfold, [66]
Listening post, Indian, [8], [14]
Liscomb Park Chapel, [53]
Littleton, Southey, [41]
Log cabins, [31]
London, England, [22], [49], [50];
unit floor plan in, [48], [49]
Lunette window, [7], [9]
Malvern Hill, [41]
Manahoac, [2]
Marmion, [69]
Maryland, [16], [41], [43], [60]
Mason, G. C., [52], [55]
Massacre of 1622, [30]
May, Richard, house of, [38]
Mayflower, The, [32]
Medieval, Late;
see Tudor
Medieval cottage in England, the, [19]
Medieval Style of architecture, [18], [19], [20], [22], [23], [24], [29], [70];
"Hangover," [70]
Merchant's Hope Church, [55]
Middle Plantation;
see Williamsburg
Mill, Darby's Grist, [59]
Mines, iron, in Va., [66]

Monocan, [2]
Moorehead, S. P., [64]
Mortuary temples, Indian, [11]
Mounds, burial, [5];
effigy, [6];
platform, [6], [12]
Mt. Vernon, [69]
National Park Service, [38], [59], [65]
New England, [26], [32]
New Kent Co. (Va.), [41], [57], [67]
New Towne, at Jamestown, [46]
Nogging, brick, [32]
Norfolk, [40]
North Carolina, [30]
Northampton Co. (Va.), [29], [37], [54], [58]
Nottaway town, [4];
tribe, [2]
Old Brick Church;
see St. Luke's Church
Old Plantation Creek, glebe at, [58]
One-bay dwelling, in Va., [23], [24], [37], [38], [39]
Orange Co. (Va.), [5]
Orapaks (Va.), [11], [16]
Orapaks Treasure House, [11], [16]
Orchard Run, Jamestown, [22], [46], [51]
Ossuaries, [12]
Outhouses, in Va., [23], [35], [36], [40]
Outshuts, [23], [26], [39], [44], [58]
Ovens, Indian, [12];
English, [65]
Oxford (England), [50]
Paint, in Va., [36]
Painting of James Fort, [44]
Palaces, Indian, [10]
Palisading (palisades), [2], [3], [4], [15], [29], [30], [35], [44], [45]
Palladio, Andrea, [22]
Pamunkey (Va.), [12], [21];
Indian Reservation, [15], [21]
Pantile, [48], [61], [G]
Pargetry, [64]
Pasbyhayes (suburb), [14]
Paski, town of, [4]
Patawomeke (Potomac), village, [3]
Paths, Indian, [14], [35]
Peaks of Otter, [1], [6]
Piedmont, [1], [5]
Pilgrim Fathers, [28]
"Pinewoods," [40], [E]
Plan, unit floor, in Va., [48]
Plantation, the, in Va., [35]
Plaster, [15], [32], [34], [61];
at Sherwood's, [63], [64]
Plowden, [34]
Plymouth Rock, [28]
Pocahontas, [51]
Poplar Spring Church, [55], [56]
Porch chamber, [41], [60]
Porch, enclosed, [41], [42], [43], [49], [50], [54], [56], [58], [60]
Portan (Powhatan) Bay, [10]
Post and pan (wattle-and-daub), [30]
Pottery, Indian, [21]
Pottery kiln, [36];
see also Kiln
Powhatan, [10], [11], [12], [16];
Confederacy, [1], [5]
Prince George Co. (Va.), [55]
Princess Anne Co. (Va.), [40], [41], [56]
Prison, log, [58];
see Jail
Pulpit, hexagonal, [56];
wineglass, [54]
Puncheoning, [3], [15], [29], [30], [35], [51]
Puncheons (quarters, punches), [3], [29], [30]
Pungoteague (brick) Church, [55]
Quacasum House, [11]
Quadrangle, the medieval, [62]
Quakers, [37]
Queen Anne, [19]
Queen Elizabeth, [19]
Raleigh, Sir Walter, [30]
Rapidan River, [5]
Renaissance architecture, [19], [24]
Renaissance, Early, [19], [24];
High, [19]
Restoration, Williamsburg, [64]
Richardson House, [27]
Richmond (Va.), [2]
Rivanna River, [5], [6]
Road, "Greate," [14], [35]
Roanoke Fort (N. C.), [30]
Robins, Obedience, [59]
Rogers, Will, [16]
Rolfe, John, [51]

Roman numerals, on timbers, [32]
Roofs, bark, [7], [8], [15], [34];
board, [30], [31], [34], [54];
catslide, [26], [27];
gambrel, [26], [27];
hinged, of Indians, [15];
hip, [26], [27], [62];
Indian, [7], [8], [9], [12], [15];
mansard, [55];
pantile, [48], [61];
"pyramid," [26];
shingle tile, [49];
"shingled" with dormers, [43];
slate, [49];
sod, [31];
thatched, [34], [35];
wooden shingle, [32], [34], [39]
Room, Court House, [60];
waiting, [60]
Row houses, in London, [48], [49];
in Jamestown, [44], [45], [47], [48], [49], [50];
Indian, [15]
Salt Works, [58]
Sandys, Sir Edwin, [66]
Sapponey (Va.), [15]
Scaffolding, Indian, [12], [13]
Screen, rood, [56];
hall, [40]
Sculpture, Indian, [11], [12], [14];
folk, at Christ's Cross, [42], [43], [67]
Second Bruton Church, [55]
Second Hungars Church, [54]
Second Lynnhaven Church, [56]
Second York Church, [57]
Secretary of Va., [60]
Secretary's Office, [60], [61]
Shenandoah River, [5]
Sherwood's House, Jamestown, [63], [64], [65], [H]
Short, bricklayer in 1607, [33]
Shutters, bark, [9];
board, [29], [61]
Siouan, [1], [4], [5], [12]
Sioux Indians, [6]
Skipwith family, [vi]
Smith, Capt. John, [31], [50]
Smith's Fort Plantation (Rolfe House), [41]
Soulbury (England), [53]
Southampton Co. (Va.), [4]
Spain, [66]
Spanish architecture, in Va., [17]
Spanish settlement in Va., [17]
Specifications, for church, [54]
St. Augustine (Fla.), [17]
St. Luke's Church (Old Brick Church), [52], [53], [54], [55]
St. Mary's City (Md.), [16], [60]
Stack, freestanding, [B];
diamond, [42]
Stafford Co. (Va.), [4]
Stair Case, the, [60]
Stair tower, [23], [41]
Stairs, open-well, [26];
winding, [37]
State House, First, [20], [46], [47], [48], [62], [67];
Fourth, [60], [61], [62];
Third, [49], [59], [60], [61]
State House, Brick, of 1676 (Md.), [60]
Storehouses, in Va., [45];
see also Bin House
Strachey, William, [28], [33]
Stratford Hall, [69]
Style, medieval, naming of, [70]
Styles, architectural;
see Architecture
Surry Co. (Va.), [24], [41]
Sweating house, Indian, [12], [13];
see also Bath houses
Sweet Hall, [40], [F]
Sword, from Jamestown, [J]
Tavern, of John Cole, [58];
also see Alehouse
Temples, Indian, [10], [11], [12]
Tennessee, [16]
Tercentenary, Jamestown, [52]
Third State House, Jamestown, [49], [59], [60], [61]
Thoroughgood House, [40]
Tiles, Delft, [49], [66];
faïence, [49], [66];
shingle, [32], [33], [49];
square paving, [51], [52];
see also Pantiles
Timber-framing, [29], [32], [35], [51],

[54];
diagram of, [32]
Tombs, in Jamestown Brick Church, [52]
Towers, church, [51], [52], [54], [56]
Towles Point, [26], [27]
Town House, of Cherokees, [16]
Town houses, in Va., [44], [47];
stock sizes of, [47]
Towns, Indian, [2], [4], [15];
in Virginia, [47]
Transitional, "Hangover," [70]

Transitional Style of architecture, [23], [24], [25], [26], [57], [62]
Treasure House, at Orapaks, [11], [16]
Treasure houses, Indian, [10]
Triplet house ("triplex"), [50]
Tudor Chimney stacks, [42]
Tudor Style of architecture, [18], [19], [53], [64]
Turnpikes (gates), [4]
Vann House (Ga.), [16]
Vaults, Indian, [7], [12];
Roman, [7]
Vernacular, the English, [18]
Virginia Company of London, [47], [66]
Virginia Medieval architecture, [23]
Walls, battlemented, [47], [52], [53];
palisaded, [2], [3], [4], [15], [30];
puncheoned, [3], [15], [30];
timber-framed, [29], [32];
wattled, [3], [13], [30], [31];
see also House
Warburton House (Pinewoods), [40], [E]
Ware Church, [57]
Washington Farm, [67]
Waterman, Thomas T., [44], [52]
Watson, Isaac, house on land of, [38], [46]
Wattle-and-daub (wattling), [3], [13], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35]
West Point (Va.), [15], [21]
Westminster Abbey, [53]
Westmoreland Co. (Va.), [67]
Westover Prison, [58]
Wharves, Indian, [14];
called "bridges," [36]
White Hall (London), [22]
White, John, house back of land of, [46]
Wigwam;
see House
William and Mary College, [61], [62]
Williams, John, [59]
Williamsburg (Va.), [14], [19], [24], [25], [35], [55], [61], [69]
Williamsburg Restoration, [64]
Windmill, [23], [36], [59]
Window, barred, [61];
casement, [23], [25], [26], [29], [39], [40], [42], [48], [51], [61], [67], [I];
"guillotine" or sash, [25];
Indian, [7], [9];
lie-on-your-stomach, [39];
lunette, [7], [9];
paper, [29];
pointed, [52], [53];
rose, [55];
traceried, [18], [53];
shutter, [29];
sliding-panel, [29]
Windsor Castle, [18]
Wingfield, President, [33]
Wishart House, [39], [40]
Woodhouse, Thomas, [58]
Woods, Sam, plantation, [40]
Wren Building, [62]
Yeardley, Sir George, [45]
Yeocomico Church, [57]
York River, [10]
Yorkminster, [53]
Yorktown, [57]
Zaharov, John T., [G]

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TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Punctuation has been corrected without note.

Inconsistencies in spelling and hyphenation have been retained from the original.

Obvious typographical errors have been corrected as follows:
Page 12: labyrinthin changed to labyrinthine
Page 55: orginally changed to originally
Page 69: ever changed to even

Extensive research did not reveal that the copyright on this book was renewed.