CHAPTERS FROM THE RELIGIOUS HISTORY OF SPAIN, CONNECTED WITH THE INQUISITION. Censorship of the Press, Mystics and Illuminati, Endemoniadas, El Santo Niño de la Guardia, Brianda de Bardaxí.

THE MORISCOS OF SPAIN. THEIR CONVERSION AND EXPULSION. In one volume, 12mo.

A HISTORY
OF THE
INQUISITION OF SPAIN

BY
HENRY CHARLES LEA. LL.D.
———
IN FOUR VOLUMES
———
VOLUME II.
———
New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd. 1922
All rights reserved
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Copyright, 1906,
By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.
——
Set up and electrotyped. Published January, 1906.

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

[BOOK III—JURISDICTION.]
[Chapter I—Heresy.]
PAGE
Importance attached to Unity of Belief[1]
Popular Abhorrence of Heresy[2]
Limitations of Inquisitorial Jurisdiction[3]
Classification of Heresy—Heresy both a sin and a crime[4]
Original Episcopal Jurisdiction[5]
The Inquisition obtains exclusive Jurisdiction[6]
Episcopal Concurrence—It is merely formal[11]
Jurisdiction over the Forum of Conscience[10]
The Question of Papal Indulgences[24]
Extension of Exclusive Jurisdiction[26]
[Chapter II—The Regular Orders.]
The Regular Clergy claim exemption from the Inquisition[29]
Fluctuations of the Struggle—the Inquisition triumphs[31]
Resistance of the Jesuits—their Defeat[33]
Jurisdiction assumed in Quarrels between the Orders[37]
[Chapter III—Bishops.]
Torquemada vainly seeks Jurisdiction over Bishops[41]
Cases of Dávila of Segovia and Aranda of Calahorra[42]
Case of Acuña of Zamora[45]
Jurisdiction conferred personally on Inquisitor-general Manrique[44]
Case of Archbishop Carranza of Toledo[45]
Inquisitor-general Valdés falls into disfavor[46]
Seeks to re-establish himself by prosecuting Carranza[48]
Carranza’s Orthodoxy—Melchor Cano[49]
Carranza’s Commentaries on the Catechism[54]
Royal and Papal Assent obtained for the Prosecution[56]
Carranza’s Arrest and Incarceration, Aug. 22, 1559[65]
He recuses Valdés and two other Judges[69]
Procrastination—Trial begins July 30, 1561[71]
Continued Delays—Intervention of Council of Trent in 1563[73]
Fruitless Efforts of Pius IV to expedite the trial[75]
Pius V evokes the Case to Rome[77]
Carranza reaches Rome May 28, 1567—Trial recommenced[79]
Gregory XIII recommences the Trial in 1572[81]
Sentence rendered April 24, 1576[82]
Carranza’s Death, May 2d—Estimates of him[84]
Jurisdiction claimed over Bishops[87]
Cases of Toro of Oviedo and Queipo of Mechoacan[88]
[Chapter IV—The Edict of Faith.]
Its Effectiveness in stimulating Denunciations[91]
Its comprehensive Details[93]
Its Anathema[95]
Popular Training in Delation[99]
[Chapter V—Appeals to Rome.]
Supremacy of Papal Jurisdiction[103]
Conversos purchase Letters of Pardon from the Holy See[104]
Ferdinand and the Inquisition disregard them[105]
Papal Pardons claimed to be good in the Judicial Forum[107]
Struggle between Spain and Rome—Pardons sold and revoked[108]
Citation to Rome of Inquisitorial Officials[118]
Tergiversations of the Curia[120]
Charles V carries on the Struggle[123]
He obtains exclusive Appellate Jurisdiction for the Inquisitor-general[126]
But the Curia still entertains Appeals[128]
Friction continued under Philip II and Philip III[129]
Philip IV enforces surrender of papal letters[132]
Case of Gerónimo de Villanueva[133]
His connection with the Convent of San Placido[134]
He obtains an Acquittal from the Inquisition in 1632[136]
Arce y Reynoso reopens the Case in 1643[138]
Villanueva’s Sentence—His Appeal to Rome entertained[143]
Persistent Resistance of Philip IV[146]
Copies of the Papers sent to Rome in 1651[154]
Efforts to have them returned continued until 1660[157]
Appeals to Rome forbidden under the Bourbons[159]
[BOOK IV—ORGANIZATION.]
[Chapter I—The Inquisitor-General and Supreme Council.]
Commissions of Officials expire with the Inquisitor-general[161]
Suprema at first merely a Consultative Body[162]
Rapid Increase of its Functions[164]
It becomes the ruling Power[167]
Its struggle with Inquisitor-general Mendoza in the Case of Froilan Diaz[169]
Mendoza removes the opposing Members[174]
Philip V. decides in favor of the Suprema and of Froilan Diaz[177]
The Suprema reduces the Tribunals to Subordination[179]
It gradually intervenes in Sentences and Trials[181]
It requires monthly Reports of current Business[183]
Centralization becomes complete—The Tribunals are merely ministerial[185]
Appellate Jurisdiction of Inquisitor-general and Suprema[187]
Control over all Details of the Tribunals[189]
Control over the Finances[190]
Salaries and Perquisites of the Suprema[194]
Its Enjoyment of Bull-fights[198]
Its Revenues and Expenses[200]
[Chapter II—The Tribunal.]
Gradual Delimitation into Districts[205]
Organization of the Tribunal—Multiplication of Officials[208]
Vain efforts to restrict the Number[211]
Sale of Offices[212]
Census of Officials in 1746[216]
Hereditary Transmission of Office[218]
Tenderness shown to official Malfeasance and its Results[223]
Visitations or Inspections of the Tribunals[227]
The Palace or Building of the Tribunal[230]
The Personnel of the Tribunal—The Assessor[232]
The Inquisitors—Their Qualifications[233]
Their Duty of visiting their Districts[238]
The Promotor Fiscal or Prosecutor[241]
The Notaries or Secretaries[243]
The Alguazil[245]
The Nuncio, Portero and Gaoler[246]
The Physician, Surgeon and Steward[248]
Financial Officials[250]
Salaries and Ayudas de Costa[251]
The Records[255]
[Chapter III—Unsalaried Officials.]
Calificadores or Censors[263]
Consultors[266]
Commissioners[268]
Familiars[272]
Their excessive Numbers and Turbulence[274]
Qualifications prescribed[279]
Organization of officials—Hermandad de San Pedro Martir[282]
Fernando VII makes it an Order of Knighthood[283]
[Chapter IV—Limpieza.]
Origin of Limpieza or Purity of Blood[285]
Distinction between Old and New Christians[286]
The Religious Orders seek to exclude New Christians[287]
New Christians excluded from Colleges[289]
The Church of Toledo adopts a Statute of Limpieza[290]
Limpieza enforced in the Observantine Franciscans[293]
It becomes a Prerequisite in the Inquisition[294]
Verification of Limpieza[295]
Number of Generations required—Penitents of the Inquisition[297]
Character of Investigation—It is a Source of Revenue[300]
Perjury and Subornation[304]
Futile Effort of Philip IV to diminish the Evils of Limpieza[307]
Unfortunate Effects of the Proscription[308]
It increases the Terror of the Inquisition[310]
Rigidity relaxed under the Restoration[311]
Remains of Prejudice in Majorca[312]
[BOOK V—RESOURCES.]
[Chapter I—Confiscation.]
Necessity of Confiscation to support the Inquisition[315]
Confiscation borrowed from the imperial Jurisprudence[316]
Responsibility for it[317]
Claims of the Church in Cases of Clerics[318]
Division made with feudal Lords[319]
Enforced on all reconciled or condemned Heretics[320]
Methods to prevent Evasion[321]
Commissions paid to Informers[323]
Rapacious Practice of the Old Inquisition[325]
The Question of Alienations and Creditors[326]
The Question of Dowries[332]
The Question of Conquests[334]
Thoroughness of Confiscation—Provision for Children[335]
Alienations subsequent to Commission of Heresy[339]
Slaves of Confiscated Estates[339]
Rigorous Collection of Debts[340]
Routine of Business—Responsibility of Receivers[341]
Hardships inflicted by Confiscation[349]
Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Inquisition[349]
Compositions for Confiscation[352]
Losses and Dilapidation[363]
Productiveness[367]
Becomes Obsolete in the Eighteenth Century[370]
Disposition made of the Proceeds[371]
Lavish Grants to Favorites[372]
Ferdinand’s Kindliness[378]
Reckless Grants by Charles V[380]
Influence of Confiscation[386]
[Chapter II—Fines and Penances.]
Pecuniary Penance[389]
Distinguished from Confiscation[391]
Sometimes substituted for Confiscation[394]
Its Productiveness[396]
Fines as Punishment[389]
[Chapter III—Dispensations.]
Rehabilitation from Disabilities[401]
Struggle between the Crown, the Inquisition and the Papacy[403]
Sale of Commutation of Punishments[408]
[Chapter IV—Benefices.]
Officials provided with Benefices[415]
Quinquennial Dispensations from Residence[416]
Patronage granted to the Sovereigns[416]
Opposition of Cathedral Chapters[417]
Doctoral and Magistral Canonries[421]
Grant of a Canonry in each Church, in 1559[423]
Fruitless Resistance of the Churches[428]
Productiveness[431]
[Chapter V—Finances.]
Failure to provide permanent Funds[433]
Improvidence—Complaints of Poverty[435]
Power of Recuperation[439]
Deficiency of Revenue in the Eighteenth Century[441]
Financial Organization—The Receiver[445]
Detailed Accounts required—Neglect to render them[447]
The Coffer with three Keys—Its Ineffectiveness[450]
The Junta de Hacienda[453]
Defalcations[454]
[BOOK VI—PRACTICE.]
[Chapter I—The Edict of Grace.]
Nature of the Edict of Grace[457]
Confession under the Edict[459]
Its Utility to the Inquisition[460]
Revived in 1815[463]
[Chapter II—The Inquisitorial Process.]
The Inquisitorial Process in secular Procedure[465]
Laxity in the Spiritual Courts[469]
Rigid Secrecy in the Inquisition[470]
Its Importance[476]
The Fiscal as Party to the Case[478]
The Inquisitorial Ideal[482]
[Chapter III—Arrest and Sequestration.]
Duty of Denunciation[485]
Preliminaries to Arrest[486]
Their Disregard[491]
Segregation of the Prisoner[493]
Immediate Sequestration of Property[495]
Provision for Families[499]
The Secrestador[501]
Embargo[503]
[Chapter IV—The Secret Prison.]
Grades of Imprisonment[507]
Character of the Secret Prison[509]
Terror inspired by Imprisonment[511]
The Chaining of Prisoners[511]
Escape from Prison[513]
Deprivation of all outside Intercourse[513]
Restrictions on writing Materials[517]
Prison Regulations[518]
Deprivation of the Sacraments[520]
Treatment of the Sick[522]
Care of Female Prisoners[523]
Humane Instructions—not always obeyed[524]
Expenses of Maintenance—Rations[528]
Collection of Costs[533]
[Chapter V—Evidence.]
The Judge assumed to weigh the Character of Evidence[535]
No Qualifications required in Witnesses for the Prosecution[536]
Strict Qualifications for Witnesses for the Defence[539]
Witnesses forced to testify[540]
Examination of Witnesses[541]
Control over Evidence for the Defence[543]
Ratification of Evidence[544]
Suppression of Witnesses’ Names[548]
False-witness[554]
Character of Evidence admitted[563]
Negative Evidence[567]
[Chapter VI—Confession.]
Duty of Saving Souls[569]
Urgency to induce Confession[570]
Spontaneous Confession, its Frequency[571]
Confession must be complete—The Diminuto[573]
Denial of Intention[576]
Denunciation of Accomplices[577]
Time of Confession[580]
Revocation of Confession[582]
Denial of Guilt—The Negativo[585]
Appendix of Documents[587]

THE INQUISITION OF SPAIN.

BOOK III.
JURISDICTION.

CHAPTER I.
HERESY.