Typographical errors were corrected (See [note] at the end of the etext). The spelling of names of people or places has not been corrected or normalized.
(note of etext transcriber.)

A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION
Vol. III.

A HISTORY OF
THE INQUISITION
OF
THE MIDDLE AGES.

BY
HENRY CHARLES LEA,
AUTHOR OF
“AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF SACERDOTAL CELIBACY,” “SUPERSTITION AND FORCE,” “STUDIES IN CHURCH HISTORY.”

IN THREE VOLUMES.
VOL. III.
NEW YORK:
HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE.

1901

CONTENTS.

BOOK III.—SPECIAL FIELDS OF INQUISITORIAL ACTIVITY.

[CHAPTER I.]—The Spiritual Franciscans.
Page
Dissensions in the Franciscan Order from Elias to John of Parma		[1]
Joachim of Flora.—His Reputation as a Prophet		[10]
His Apocalyptic Speculations as to the Third Era		[14]
Adopted by the Spiritual Franciscans		[18]
The Everlasting Gospel.—Its Condemnation		[20]
The Spirituals Compromised.—John of Parma Removed		[23]
Persistence of the Joachites		[25]
Increasing Strife over Poverty		[27]
Bull Exiit qui seminat		[30]
Persecution of Italian Spirituals		[32]
The French Spirituals.—Jean Pierre Olivi		[42]
Arnaldo de Vilanova		[52]
Disputation before Clement V.—Decision of Council of Vienne		[57]
Renewed Persecution of the Spirituals		[61]
Commencement of Rebellion.—Dissensions among Them		[62]
Election of John XXII.—His Character		[66]
He Enforces Obedience and Creates a Heresy		[69]
Bloody Persecution of the Olivists		[73]
They Form a New Church		[79]
Their Fanaticism.—Naprous Boneta		[81]
Suppression of the Sect.—Its Career in Aragon		[84]
Jean de la Rochetaillade.—Remains of Joachitism		[86]

[CHAPTER II.]—Guglielma and Dolcino.
Incarnation of Holy Ghost in Guglielma		[90]
The Guglielmites Form a New Church		[94]
Prosecuted by the Inquisition		[98]
Fate of the Sectaries		[100]
The Order of Apostles.—Spiritual Tendencies		[103]
Gherardo Segarelli.—Burned in 1300		[104]
Dolcino Assumes the Leadership		[109]
His Open Revolt.—Suppressed after Four Crusades		[113]
Continuance and Character of the Heresy		[120]

[CHAPTER III].—The Fraticelli.
Question Raised as to the Poverty of Christ		[129]
Reaction against the Holiness of Poverty		[130]
Doctrine of the Poverty of Christ Declared a Heresy		[134]
It Complicates the Quarrel with Louis of Bavaria		[135]
Marsiglio of Padua and William of Ockham		[139]
Gradual Estrangement of the Franciscans		[142]
Louis Deposes John XXII. as a Heretic		[145]
Michele da Cesena Revolts		[147]
Utility of the Inquisition.—Submission of the Antipope		[149]
Struggle in Germany.—The Franciscans Support Louis		[153]
Louis gradually Gains Strength.—His Death		[156]
Dissident Franciscans Known as Fraticelli		[158]
Sympathy for them under Persecution		[160]
Their Tenets		[162]
Fraticelli in France and Spain		[167]
Orthodox Ascetism.—Jesuats.—Observantines		[171]
The Observantines Replace and Suppress the Fraticelli		[174]

[CHAPTER IV].—Political Heresy Utilized by the Church.
Denial of Papal Claims Pronounced Heresy		[181]
The Stedingers.—Tithes Enforced by Crusades		[182]
Crusades to Support Italian Interests of Papacy		[189]
Importance of Inquisition as a Political Agency		[190]
Advantage of the Charge of Heresy		[191]
Manfred of Naples.—The Colonnas.—Ferrara		[193]
John XXII. and the Visconti		[196]
Cola di Rienzo.—The Maffredi		[203]
Use of Inquisition in the Great Schism		[204]
Case of Thomas Connecte		[208]
Girolamo Savonarola		[209]

[CHAPTER V].—Political Heresy Utilized by the State.
Use of Inquisition by Secular Potentates		[238]
The Templars.—Growth and Relations of the Order		[238]
	Causes of its Downfall.—Facilities Furnished by the Inquisition	[249]
	Papal Complicity Sought.—Use made of Inquisition	[257]
	Errors Charged against the Templars	[263]
	The Question of their Guilt	[264]
	Vacillation of Clement.—The Assembly of Tours	[277]
	Bargain between King and Pope.—Clement Joins the Prosecution	[281]
	Prosecution throughout Europe.—Its Methods in France	[284]
	The Papal Commission.—Its Proceedings	[289]
	Defence Prevented by Burning those who Retract	[295]
	Proceedings in England.—The Inquisition Necessary	[298]
	Action in Lorraine and Germany	[301]
	In Italy and the East	[304]
	In Spain and Majorca	[310]
	Torture in Preparation for the Council of Vienne	[317]
	Arbitrary Proceedings Required at the Council	[319]
	Disposition of Property and Persons of the Order	[322]
	Fate of de Molay	[325]
	Popular Sympathies	[326]
	Distribution of the Property of the Order	[329]
Case of Doctor Jean Petit		[334]
Case of Joan of Arc.—Condition of the French Monarchy		[338]
	Career of Joan up to her Capture	[340]
	The Inquisition Claims her.—Delivered to the Bishop of Beauvais	[357]
	Her Trial	[360]
	Her Condemnation and Execution	[372]
	Her Imitators and her Rehabilitation	[376]

[CHAPTER VI].—Sorcery and Occult Arts.
Satan and the Spirit World		[379]
Incubi and Succubi		[383]
Human Ministers of Satan.—Sorcerers		[385]
Penalties under the Roman Law		[392]
Struggle between Pagan and Christian Theurgy		[393]
Repression of Sorcery by the Early Church		[395]
Magic Practices of the Barbarians		[400]
Leniency of Barbarian Legislation		[408]
Legislation of Church and State in Carlovingian Period		[412]
Practical Toleration in Early Mediæval Period		[416]
Indifference of Secular Legislation		[427]
The Inquisition Assumes Jurisdiction		[434]
All Magic Becomes Heretical		[435]
Astrology.—Pietro di Abano.—Cecco d’Ascoli		[437]
Divination by Dreams		[446]
Comminatory Church Services		[447]
The Inquisition Stimulates Sorcery by Persecution		[448]
Unfortunate Influence of John XXII		[452]
Growth of Sorcery in the Fourteenth Century		[454]
Increase in the Fifteenth Century		[464]
Case of the Maréchal de Rais		[468]
Enrique de Villena		[489]

[CHAPTER VII].—Witchcraft.
Its Origin in the Fifteenth Century		[492]
The Sabbat.—Regarded at first as a Diabolic Illusion		[493]
	Adopted by the Church as a Reality	[497]
	Its Ceremonies	[500]
Power and Malignity of the Witch		[501]
The Church Helpless to Counteract her Spells		[506]
Belief Stimulated by Persecution		[508]
Witches Lose Power when Arrested		[509]
Secular and Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction over Witchcraft		[511]
Inquisitorial Process as Applied to Witchcraft		[513]
Case of the Witches of the Canavese		[518]
Case of the Vaudois of Arras		[519]
Slow Development of the Witchcraft Craze		[534]
Stimulated by the Inquisition and the Church		[538]
Influence of the Malleus Maleficarum		[543]
Opposition to the Inquisition.—France.—Cornelius Agrippa		[544]
Opposition of Venice.—The Witches of Brescia		[546]
Terrible Development in the Sixteenth Century		[549]

[CHAPTER VIII].—Intellect and Faith.
Intellectual Aberrations not Dangerous		[550]
Theological Tendencies and Development		[551]
Roger Bacon		[552]
Nominalism and Realism		[555]
Rivalry between Philosophy and Theology		[557]
Averrhoism		[558]
Toleration in Italy in the Fifteenth Century		[565]
Modified Averrhoism.—Pomponazio.—Nifo		[574]
Raymond Lully		[578]
Evolution of Dogma.—The Beatific Vision		[590]
The Immaculate Conception		[596]
Censorship of the Press		[612]

[CHAPTER IX].—Conclusion.
Omissions of the Inquisition.—The Greek Heretics		[616]
Quæstuari, or Pardoners		[621]
Simony		[624]
Demoralization of the Church		[627]
Morals of the Laity		[641]
Materials for the Improvement of Humanity		[645]
The Reformation Inevitable		[647]
Encouraging Advance of Humanity		[649]

[APPENDIX OF DOCUMENTS]		[651]

[INDEX]		[665]

A HISTORY OFTHE INQUISITIONOFTHE MIDDLE AGES.

CONTENTS.

A HISTORY OF
THE INQUISITION
OF
THE MIDDLE AGES.