[272] Règle et Statuts secrets, §81, p. 314; §124, p. 448.—Wilkins Concilia II. 338.—Procès des Templiers, I. 186-7, 454; II. 139, 153, 195-6, 223, 440, 445, 471.—S. Damiani Lib. Gomorrhian.—Guillel. Nangiac. ann. 1120.—Alani de Insulis Lib. de Planctu Naturæ.—Gualt. Mapes de Nugis Curialium I. xxiv.—Prediche del B. Frà Giordano da Rivalto, Firenze, 1831, I. 230.—Regest. Clement. PP. V.T. V. p. 259 (Ed. Benedictin. Romæ, 1887).—Alvar. Pelag. de Planct. Eccles. Lib. II. Art. ii. fol. lxxxiii.—Mémoires de Jacques Du Clercq, Liv. III. ch. 42; Liv. IV. ch. 3.—Rogeri Bacon Compend. Studii Philosophiæ cap. ii. (M.R. Series I. 412).
Unnatural crime was subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction and the punishment was burning alive (Très Ancien Cout. de Bretagne, Art. 112, 142 ap. Bourdot de Richebourg, IV. 227, 232.—Statuta Criminalia Mediolani e tenebris in lucem edita, cap. 51, Bergomi, 1594). An instance of the infliction of the penalty by secular justice is recorded at Bourges in 1445 (Jean Chartier, Hist. de Charles VII. Ed. Godefroy, p. 72), and another at Zurich in 1482 (V. Anshelm, Die Berner Chronik, Bern, 1884, I. 221), though in 1451 Nicholas V. had subjected the crime to the Inquisition (Ripoll III. 301). D’Argentré says “Hæc pœna toto regno et vulgo statutis Italiæ indicitur per civitates, sed pene irritis legibus” (Comment. Consuetud. Duc. Britann. p. 1810). In England it was a secular crime, punishable by burning alive (Horne, Myrror of Justice, cap. IV. § 14) and in Spain by castration and lapidation (El Fuero real de España, Lib. IV. Tit. ix. l. 2).
The gossiping experiences in Syria and Italy of Antonio Sicci da Vercelli, as related before the papal commission in March, 1311, show the popular belief that there was a terrible secret in the Order which none of its members dared reveal (Procès, I. 644-5).
It is perhaps a coincidence that in 1307 the Teutonic Order was likewise accused of heresy by the Archbishop of Riga. Its Grand Master, Carl Beffart, was summoned by Clement, and with difficulty averted from his Order the fate of the Templars.—Wilcke, II. 118.
[273] Procès des Templiers, I. 36, 168.—Chron. Anonyme (Bouquet, XXI. 137).—Joann. de S. Victor. (Bouquet, XXI. 649-50).
[274] Bull. Pastoralis præeminentiæ (Mag. Bull. Rom. Supplem. IX. 126).—Bull. Faciens misericordiam (Ib. p. 136).—The Itineraries of Philippe and the record of pastoral visitations by Bertrand de Goth (Clement V.) sufficiently disprove the legendary story, originating with Villani, of the conditions entered into in advance at St. Jean d’Angely between Philippe and Clement (see van Os, De Abolitione Ordinis Templariorum, Herbipoli, 1874, pp. 14-15). None the less, however, was Clement practically subordinated to Philippe.
[275] Schottmüller’s theory (Der Untergang des Templer-Ordens, I. 91) that Clement summoned the chiefs of the two Military Orders to arrange with them for the protection of the Holy See against Philippe appears to me destitute of all probability.
[276] Villani Chron. VIII. 91-2.—Raynald. ann. 1311, No. 26.—Ptol. Lucens. Hist. Eccles. Lib. XXIV. (Muratori S.R.I. XI. 1228).—Contin. Guill. Nangiac. ann. 1307.—Raynouard, pp. 18, 19.—Van Os De Abol. Ord. Templar, p. 43.—Procès des Templiers, II. 400.—Mag. Bull. Rom. IX. 131.—Procès, I. 95.—Du Puy, Traitez concernant l’Histoire de France, Paris, 1700, pp. 10, 117.
[277] Du Puy, pp. 18-19, 86.—Stemler, Contingent zur Geschichte der Templer, Leipzig, 1783, pp. 36-50.—Pissot, Procès et Condamnation des Templiers, Paris, 1805, pp. 39-43.
Clement V., in his letters of November 21 to Edward of England, and November 22 to Robert, Duke of Calabria, describes Philippe as having acted under the orders of the Inquisition, and as presenting the prisoners for judgment to the Church (Rymer III. 30; MSS. Chioccarello, T. VIII.). The Holy Office was recognized at the time as being the responsible instrumentality of the whole affair Chron. Fran. Pipini c. 49 op. Muratori S. R. I. IX. 749-50). The bull Faciens misericordiam of August 12, 1308, gives the inquisitors throughout Europe instructions to participate in the subsequent proceedings (Mag. Bull. Rom. IX. 136).