Abusive language, use of, [319], [485].
Acme Oil Company, Samuel Van Syckel vs., [187].
Adams, H.C., quoted on municipal monopolies, [322].
Adulteration of liquors, [27].
Advice of counsel, [249].
Alcohol in industry and politics, [20].
Allen, W.V., supplemental report on sugar-trust bribery, [404].
American, early, refiners of petroleum, [39].
American Transfer Company receives from 20 to 35 cents per barrel on all oil shipped by competitors, [99];
the South Improvement Company reappears in, [100];
false map of, before New York Legislature, [101].
Andrews, E. Benjamin, on prices under monopoly, [428];
on oil-trust prices, [430] n.
Anonymous circulars, in war against Toledo, [327].
Artificial liquors, [27].
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroad et al., William C. Bissell vs., [479].
Atlantic and Great Western Railroad and South Improvement Company, [48], [50];
war of 1877, [88].
Attorney-General, of Pennsylvania, management of tax-case against Standard Oil Company by, [170]-81;
of United States, on monopoly, [37];
report for 1893, [3], [6];
cases against the sugar trust, [404].
Austria, refineries of, consolidated, [439].
Bad oil, [405]-19.
Baltimore and Ohio, and railroad war of 1877, [88];
closes Baltimore to independent shippers, [102];
withdraws rates, [221];
freight agent escapes from Congress, [222].
Baltimore closed to independent shippers by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, [102];
sale of refineries at, [421].
Bank of England's income compared with an American millionaire's, [459].
Bankers indemnified for withdrawing bids on Toledo bonds, [336].
Bankruptcy of oil refineries in 1873, [60];
1879-92, [455]-70.
Baptist, the National, quoted, [341].
Barrel shipments better for railroads than tanks, [138], [231];
destroyed by railroads, [138].
Barrett, Judge, defines monopoly, [3];
on sugar trust, [3], [4].
Batoum refuses Rothschild permission to lay pipe line, [443].
Baxter, Judge, decision on rebates paid oil combination, [207].
Bee, Omaha Daily, investigates oil inspection of Nebraska, [414].
Beef, combination of packers of, [33], [36];
price of, under combination, [35].
Belgium, [437].
Bernheimer, Simon, testimony as to abundance of capital for early refiners, [41].
"Big Four" combination, [35].
Binney, E.W., quoted, [40].
Biscuit Association, [30].
Bissell, William C., vs. Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroad et al., [479].
Black-mail, when competition is, [215].
Blind-billing, [229];
shippers benefited by, deny, [231].
Blount, Representative, on subsidies and bribery, [394].
Bolard & Dale vs. National Transit Company, [165].
Bonds not to refine, [79], [80].
Books, natural-gas companies will not show, [363];
oil trust keeps none, [469].
Boston, South Improvement Company rates to, [47];
fire marshal on bad oil, [411];
prices of oil reduced from 20 to 8 by competition, [422].
Boycott, of butchers by packers' combination, [35];
how working-men were punished for, [287].
Boyle, P.C., Ohio vs., [324].
Bread Union in London, [30].
Bremen, Congress of Chambers of Commerce, [406].
Bribery of jurors, [286];
of Congress by Pacific Mail Steamship Company, [394].
British government lowers test on oil, [436].
Brooklyn, consolidation of street-railways, [5.]
Brundred et al. vs. Rice, [239].
Buffalo, explosion in Matthews' refinery, [250];
pipe line to, destroyed, [291];
prices reduced by competition, [421].
Buhl, Richardson vs., [10].
Bulletin, New York Daily Commercial, on oil-trust prices, [430] n.;
on sugar trust, [32], [449].
Burdick bill, Pennsylvania Legislature, [126].
Burial Case, National Association, [37].
Business, politics of, [403];
"this belongs to us," [432];
golden rule of, [495];
runs into monopoly, [512].
Butchers, independent, refused cars by Erie Railroad, [35];
National Protective Association, [34].
Butterworth, Benjamin, represents Ohio before the United States Senate in the Payne matter, [376].
Buyer, the only, refuses to buy, [106];
only one, in Ohio, [107].
Call, San Francisco, on commercial treaty with China, [449].
Campaign contributions from trusts, [403].
Campbell, B.B., averts outbreak at Parker, [106].
Canada oil interests attacked by American combination, [12];
retail coal-dealers' associations, [15];
Grocers' Guild, [30];
Parliamentary debate on American oil prices, [424];
Parliament reduces tariff in 1894, [435];
finance minister favors American oil trust, [435].
Canadian Copper Company, litigation among stockholders, [403].
Canal, independent shippers escape by, [96];
tank-boats for, [96];
railroad war against, [97].
Cancer, hospital for, endowed, [181].
Capital, of combinations, [4];
easy for early refiners to get, [41];
of oil combination, [457].
Carlyle, Thomas, on literary freedom in America, [529].
Cars, refusal of, by railroads to independent shippers, [12], [91], [94], [106].
Carter, J.J., vs. Producers' and Refiners' Oil Company, Limited, [164], [446].
Cassatt, A.J., testimony concerning railroad war of 1877, [88];
on lower rates to Standard Oil Company, [94], [472];
on refusal of cars and rates, [94];
on cheapness of oil, [428].
Cattle combination, [5], [33];
traffic, railroad preferences in, [33];
decline in prices of, [34];
shippers discriminated against by the railroads, [36].
Cattle Range Association, International, [34].
Census, United States, on petroleum, [39];
sugar trust refuses to answer questions, [404].
Charity decreases under monopoly, [502].
Cheapness of oil, [420];
under the trusts, [431] n.;
how produced, [464]-65;
analysis of, [500].
Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, charges for oil and cattle compared, [481].
Chicago, number of dry-goods stores in, in 1894, [488];
Union Stock Yards, secrecy as to ownership of its stock, [487].
China, commercial treaty with, [449].
Church and wealth, [294].
Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Texas Pacific Railway, Ohio vs., [220];
"mistakes," [234].
Cincinnati, Washington and Baltimore Railway, Ohio vs., [220].
Circulars, anonymous, in war against Toledo, [327].
Clamorer for dividends, [101].
Clarion County, Pennsylvania, indictment of members of Standard Oil Company, [170], [258];
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania interferes, [180].
Clark, Horace F., on South Improvement Company contract, [50].
Cleveland, disadvantages of, for the oil business, [53], [464];
starting-point of the founders of the oil combination, [44];
South Improvement Company rates to, [46];
pipe line to, [65];
pioneer refiner, [73];
crude oil carried to, free for oil combination, [85].
Cleveland and Marietta Railroad, Handy vs., [206]-8.
Cleveland, President, on sugar tariff, [404].
Clinton, De Witt, on petroleum, [38].
Coal, combination, capital of, [4];
in Nova Scotia, [5], [11], [461];
State, national, and judicial investigations, [9];
bituminous lands bought by railroads, [11];
anthracite monopolized by railroads, [11], [14];
freights on, higher in 1893 than in 1879, [13];
independent producers crushed by railroad discriminations, [13];
miners oppressed by coal companies, [16], [17];
price of, advanced by combination, [14], [431] n.;
extortion of anthracite monopoly, [14];
combination between American and Canadian dealers, [15];
retail associations of dealers, [15];
dealers terrorized, [15];
miners, freedom under competition, [16];
miners' strike in Pennsylvania in 1871, [16];
policemen in Pennsylvania, [18].
Coffin combination, [37].
Coke, Lord, on monopolies, [405].
Collusion between oil trust and railroads, [143], [482]-4.
Colorado, oil war in, [427];
prevented by railroads from shipping its oil to Pacific States, [427], [481].
Columbus, Miss., war on merchants of, [300];
Ohio, gas shut off, [365].
Combinations, capital of, [4].
Communipaw, monopoly of terminals at, [142].
Competition, impossible in the meat and cattle business, [36];
oil combination likes, [87];
when it is black-mail, [215];
cuts price, [281], [294];
power for evil, [422].
Congress, investigation of South Improvement Company suppressed, [45];
bribing by Pacific Mail Steamship Company, [394].
Conspiracy, adoption of, [277].
Constitutional amendments concerning trusts, [451];
convention of New York, 1894, [451].
Contract to restrict refining, [62];
to shut down oil flow, [153];
between dealers and the oil combination, [425].
Corners, [4].
Cotton-seed oil, rates on, [232].
Court records gone in Cleveland, [83];
mutilated transcript for Congress, [244], [267];
records mutilated in California, [484].
Coxe Brothers & Company vs. the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, [19].
Cracker-bakers' meeting, [30].
Dayton, experience with natural-gas company, [364].
Deaths from bad oil, in Michigan, [416];
in Great Britain from explosiveness of American oil, [410].
Delay, before Interstate Commerce Commission, [147], [149], [150];
in legal procedure in New York, [285];
of Pennsylvania Supreme Court in acting on appeal of independents, [447].
Democratic party and sugar trust, [404].
Detectives and coal-dealers, [15];
railroads as, [48];
in Wall Street, [334].
Detroit Times, on reduction of oil test, [416];
Tribune, on reduction of oil test, [416].
Dewar, Thomas S., letter of United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue to, [26].
Discrimination in favor of oil combination, "wanton and oppressive," [207];
of 333 per cent., [217];
called "a vast discrepancy," [219];
Supreme Court of Ohio on, [219];
against Rice, Interstate Commerce Commission on, [227];
charges of, sustained by Interstate Commerce Commission, [235];
by natural-gas company in rates for gas, [365];
no, by German railroads, [438];
inures to the benefit of one powerful combination, [478].
(See Freight Rates, Railroads, Rebates.)
Dismantling of petroleum refineries, [42], [72];
Joshua Merrill's refinery, [188].
Disorder, public, in oil regions, [43], [54];
in Pennsylvania, 1878, [105], [106];
in Pennsylvania and Ohio, [456].
Dividends of oil trust, [246];
of sugar trust, [32], [33], [404].
Dodd, S.C.T., on "parent of trust system," [8];
in Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of 1872, [55];
on pipe lines, [117];
on pipe-line rates, [125];
on bonuses to railroad officials, [486].
Drake, E.L., strikes oil, [40];
pensioned, [462].
Dressed-beef men, railroad rates to, [36].
Dynamite, and the whiskey trust, [21];
in the "shut-down" of 1887, [154];
threats of, against Toledo City pipe line, [357];
oil that is as dangerous as, [416].
Electricity, [9].
Elevators, combination of Northwestern railroads with, [5], [31];
State erection and operation of, recommended by Minnesota Legislature, [31].
Embargo on sales of oil, 1872, [56].
Emery, Jr., Hon. Lewis, testifies as to "immediate shipment," [104].
Eminent domain, use of, by railroads, [97].
Empire Transportation Company, [87].
Engineers, Society of American Marine, protest against foreign engineers, [399].
England oil trade meets to protest against poor American oil, [405].
Equality, railroad idea of, [86].
Erie Canal used by independent shippers, [96].
Erie Railroad, refuses cars to independent butchers, [35];
New York Legislature investigates, [43];
and South Improvement Company, [48], [50];
refuses rates to competitor of South Improvement Company, [52];
railroad war of 1877, [88];
its oil-cars owned by oil combination, [92];
payments to American Transfer Company, [99];
contract with Standard Oil Company, [102];
renews broken promises of equal rates, [119];
invites independent refiners to rebuild, [119];
refuses to ship independent oil to seaboard, [140];
sends armed force against independent pipe line, [161];
gives land to oil trust's pipe lines, [162];
destroys line by force, [291].
"Evening" pool of cattle-shippers, [33].
Everest et al., People of the State of N.Y. vs., [244].
Examiner, The, quoted, [341], [345].
Expert testifies about pipe-line pool, [86];
false maps of American Transfer Company, [101].
Explosions, in distillery, [21];
during "shut-down," [154];
in Buffalo refinery, [250];
Louisville, [252];
Rochester, [252].
Explosiveness of petroleum gases, [282];
of American oil compared with Scotch and Russian, [410].
Extradition treaty between Russia and America, [448].
False accounts, [64].
Fellows et al. vs. Toledo et al., [314].
Field code of New York, [285].
Fires from bad oil, in Great Britain, [410];
in Boston, [411];
in Iowa, [413];
in Michigan, [416];
in San Francisco, [416];
at Oil City and Titusville, June 5, 1892, [417];
in Bradford refinery, [447].
Fish, [32].
Flour, dearer, wanted, [30].
Forbes, John M., speech on free ships, [393].
Foster, Charles, as Secretary of the Treasury favors retention of foreign captains, [398];
issues license to foreign engineers, [399];
his part in the war on Toledo, [400].
Fostoria, Ohio, Sunday raid on the flour-mill, [348].
Foucon, Felix, in Revue des Deux Mondes, [39].
France, manufactures coal-oil in 1845, [38];
government of, lowers oil tariff, [440];
oil refiners of, make terms with American oil trust, [441].
Free breakfast-table, [32].
Freight rates on coal, [13];
discriminations investigated by Ohio Legislature, [44];
8 cents a barrel less than nothing on oil, [88];
rates advanced by pipe and rail, [122];
rates increased at instance of oil combination, [132];
rate 88 cents to oil combination, $1.68 to competitors, [210];
increased 333 per cent. to one shipper, [217].
(See Rebates, Discriminations.)
Freight-handlers strike, [296].
Fruit, [32].
Frye, William P., on subsidy to International line, [391], [395].
Furnaces, [9].
Gas, [9];
natural, [9], [305].
Geologist, State, of Ohio, takes sides in Toledo contest, [329].
Germany changes oil tariff, [437];
the German-American Oil Company, [437];
decline in prices, [438];
independents in, [439].
Gladden, Rev. Washington, on oil trust, [344].
Good society, [527].
Gospel Cars, [237].
Government and monopoly, [311].
Governors, steam-boiler, [9].
Gowen, Franklin B., on war against Tidewater, [108], [110];
admits surrender of Tidewater Pipe Line, [112];
severs connection with Tidewater, [114];
speech before Pennsylvania Legislature, 1883, [115];
on Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, [181];
on yearly loss of railroad revenue by rebates, [491].
Grand Trunk saves independent oil refiners, [136].
Granger movement, [371].
Great Britain, Railway Commission of 1873, [369];
government lowers test of oil, [408].
Griffin, C.P., representative of Toledo in State Legislature, [333].
Grocers' Guild, Canadian Parliament on, [30].
Haddock, John C., testimony of, [13].
Hadley, A.T., on British railroads, [370].
Hale, J.P., quoted, [462].
Hamilton, Alexander, on power over subsistence, [529].
Hancock, Erie stops independent pipe line, [162].
Handy vs. Cleveland and Marietta Railroad, [206].
Harter, the Isaac Harter Company vs. the Northwestern Ohio Natural-gas Company, [349].
Hatch, Edward, quoted, [255], [281].
Haul, long and short, [221], [222], [223].
Heaters, hot-water and steam, [9].
Herald, Boston, on relations of oil combination and State inspectors, [411].
Hermann, Von, on Paris Exhibition of 1839, [39].
Highway, ownership of, is ownership of all, [12].
Hoar, George F., on oil trust in the President's Cabinet, [401].
Holland, [437].
Hopkins, Representative, moves for investigation of railroads by Congress, [372].
Human nature, [526].
Illinois Central Railroad, "mistakes," [234].
Immediate shipment, [104].
Improvement companies of Pennsylvania, [55].
Income of members of oil trust, [459].
Independent, the New York, quoted, [348].
Independents, rates withdrawn from, by Pennsylvania Railroad, [90];
Pennsylvania Railroad refuses cars to, [91];
Pennsylvania Railroad increases rates to, [91];
crushed by oil combination's use of railroad terminals, [102];
promised equal rates again, [119];
invited to rebuild by the railroads, [119];
attacked by Pennsylvania Railroad after being invited to rebuild, [120];
survive attack by railroad and oil-trust pool, [128];
appeal to Interstate Commission, 1888, [128];
discrimination against, [130];
freight rates to, increased at suggestion of oil combination, [132];
forced to close their works, [135];
saved by Grand Trunk Railroad, [136];
lose trade of New England, 1888, [136];
forced to sell oil to combination, [140];
prevented by railroads from using tank-cars, [140];
exactions suffered by, at the seaboard, [141];
appeal to Interstate Commerce Commission against delay, [148];
lose five years' business, [149];
get tank-cars and terminals, [151];
project pipe line to the seaboard in 1887, [152];
in 1892, [160];
pipe line stopped by Erie cannon at Hancock, [162];
survival of, delays Russian-American division of world's oil market, [445];
delay of Pennsylvania Supreme Court in acting on appeal of, [447];
in Germany, [439].
Indianapolis People's Trust, [320].
Individuality, [527]
Industry, new law of, [12].
Inspection, State, used to end competition, [215], [216].
Inspectors, State, also in employ of those they inspect, [216], [411];
of oils in New York represent oil combination in Bremen congress, [406];
in Iowa, charged with allowing sellers to brand oil, [412];
sued in Iowa for damages for passing bad oil, [413];
in Minnesota, investigated by State Senate, [413];
in Illinois, [415];
in Nebraska, [414]-16.
International steamship line subsidized, [389]-400.
Interstate Commerce Commission, on coal rates, [13];
Pennsylvania independent coal-mine operators appeal to, [19];
decision on coal rates disregarded by the Pennsylvania railroads, [19];
on pool of oil combination with Tidewater Pipe Line, [113];
refuses to require production of secret contract between railroad and pipe line, [124];
bullied by counsel of Pennsylvania Railroad, [124];
orders reduction of freight rate on barrels in South, [130];
decision misapplied by Pennsylvania Railroad, [131];
interview with Pennsylvania Railroad officials, [132];
correspondence with president of Pennsylvania railroad, [132];
orders discrimination stopped, [139];
on monopoly of terminal facilities, [142];
chairman on collusive relations of oil trust and railroads, [143];
witnesses refuse to appear before, [145];
refrains from decision in case of Pennsylvania Railroad, [146];
decision in Rice, Robinson, and Witherop case, 1890, [147];
delays for two years decision against Pennsylvania Railroad, [147];
grants Pennsylvania Railroad rehearings for two years, [148];
railroads disobey orders of, [149];
decision against Pennsylvania Railroad, 1892, [149];
brings independents no help, [149];
proceedings before, by railroads as only preliminary to litigation in the courts, [150];
cannot decide after three years' hearings, [150];
grants Pennsylvania Railroad further delay, [150];
George Rice lets cases before, go by default, [151];
theatre for litigation and delay, [160];
calls discrimination "a vast discrepancy," [219];
decides refusal to give rates "illegal," [224];
on discriminations against Rice, [227];
on "astonishingly low" rates, [232];
on "mistakes" of railroads, [234];
sustains charges of discrimination, [235];
on control of industry by the oil combination, [433];
on immense power of oil combination, [458];
describes preferences given to the oil combination, [478].
Interstate Commerce law, only conviction under, [19];
disobeyed by railroad managers, [218];
opposed by Senator Payne, [388];
Senator Cullom on railroads' excuses for violating, [498].
Investigation, of South Improvement Company by Congress, in 1872, not continued, [60];
of railroad discriminations by Congress, suspended, 1876, [71];
testimony stolen, [373].
Investors' Review, of London, on English government jobbery, [450].
Iowa, Governor of, refuses to investigate charges of violation of inspection law, [412].
Iron, railroads buying iron lands, [12];
interests of members of oil combination, [461].
Italy, [440].
Jackson, Judge H.E., sustains Toledo, [315].
Joy, Professor, on explosiveness of naphtha, [253].
Judge, Federal, quashes indictment against secretary of whiskey trust, [22];
of Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, charged with violating the law, [181];
fixes damages in Van Syckel's case at 6 cents, [195];
excludes evidence against oil trust members, [268];
rules out evidence concerning oil trust, [273];
orders acquittal of members of oil trust, [278];
how made, [296];
decides anti-trust law not applicable to sugar trust, [404].
Jurors bribed to petition for mercy, [286].
Justice, delay of, [149].
Kanawha salt-wells, [462].
Karns, General S.D., suggests pipe-lines, [41].
Keystone refinery, [291];
causes Oil City disaster, [418].
King's horses and king's men, [198].
Knight, E.C., et al., United States vs., [404].
Laissez-faire, true, [497].
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad and South Improvement Company, [48], [50];
contract with the oil combination, [69];
Scofield et al. vs., [70];
railroad war of 1877, [88];
contracts to give a tenth of all oil freights to oil combination, [89];
gives its oil traffic to competing pipe line, [127].
Lamennais quoted, [507].
Lands, ownership changes, of coal, [11];
of oil, [434].
Laugh, the, [257]-71.
Law, Anti-trust, [3], [6], [404];
Pennsylvania Free Pipe-Line, worthless, [57];
delays of, [285];
of oil inspection, how changed in Nebraska, [415].
(See Interstate Commerce).
Lawson, J.D., Leading Cases Simplified, [181].
Lawsuits, threats of, [278], [289];
to cripple competition, [290].
Lawyers, officers of the court, [114];
relations of, to law-breakers, [249];
pamphlet against Toledo issued by, [354].
Leases, oil and gas, rights claimed under, [306].
Leather, [5].
Lehigh Valley Railroad Company, Coxe Brothers & Co., vs., [19];
railroad war of 1877, [88].
Little, John, represents Ohio before the United States Senate in the Payne matter, [376].
Locomotives, [9].
Louisville and Nashville Railroad turns another screw, [213];
"mistakes" of, [234].
Mail, New York, on income of members of oil trust, [459].
Mails, slower under subsidy, [397].
Maine, Sir Henry Sumner, on trade, [507];
on contract and status, [533].
Marcy, W.L., in Buffalo explosion case, [259].
Marietta, freight rates raised against refiners at, [200].
Market, for oil, becomes erratic, [42];
manipulation by oil trust, [104], [164], [420], [439];
only one buyer, [104].
Matches, [9];
combination, Supreme Court of Michigan on, [10].
Mather, People vs., [277].
Matthews, C.B., experiences of, [243]-98.
Matthews, Hon. Stanley, [67];
on the rebates of the oil combination, [69].
Maxim gun, English War Office opposition to, silenced, [450].
McClellan, Gen. G.B., on South Improvement Company contract, [50].
Meat combination, [5];
at Chicago, [33].
Medicine, adulterated liquors for, [27].
Merrill, Joshua, [39];
testimony before Congress, [188];
appeals to Railroad Commission of Massachusetts, [189];
pioneer in oil, [463].
Michigan State Board of Health on fires and deaths from bad oil, [416].
Mileage paid to preferred shippers, [233].
Millers' national conventions, [30].
Millionaires, abolition of, [312], [524].
Minnesota Legislature recommends State elevators, [31];
Senate investigation of oil inspectors, [413].
"Mistakes," by railroads not corrected, [138];
always in favor of preferred shippers, [223], [234].
Monopoly, defined by Federal courts, [3];
Judge Barrett defines, [3];
difference of definitions, [3], [6];
defined by United States Attorney-General, [37];
of Standard Oil Company, Supreme Court of Ohio on, [70];
ignorance of the public is the real capital of, [117];
must control all, [298];
and government, [311];
Lord Coke on, [405];
E. Benjamin Andrews on price manipulation, [428];
State, advocated by national economists in Germany, [438];
of oil in Germany, [438];
Ohio Supreme Court and New York Supreme Court pronounce Standard Oil Trust a, [453];
and industry, [518];
and liberty, [519].
Monotony, [527].
Monthly reports required by the oil combination, [62];
from producers in "shut-down," [155];
of competitors' shipments, [212].
Morris, "Billy," inventor of the "slips," [463].
Municipal enterprise better and cheaper than private, [360].
Mutilation of court records, [83], [244], [267], [484].
National Transit Company, [87];
controls pipe-line business, [113], [114];
owned by oil combination, [113];
president of the oil combination denies connection with, [114];
Bolard & Dale vs., [165];
secrecy as to ownership of its stock, [487].
Natural-gas company owned by Standard Oil Trust, [337].
Navy, Secretary of, urges subsidy, [389];
and nickel appropriation, [402];
relations to subsidy, [402].
Netherlands, East India colonies, [441].
Nettleton, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, rules against retaining foreign captains, [398].
New England, trade in, lost by independent refiners, [136].
Newport News and Mississippi Valley Railroad, "mistakes," [234].
Newspapers controlled by oil combination, [160].
(See Press.)
New York Central Railroad, and South Improvement Company, [48], [49];
refuses rates to competitors of South Improvement Company, [52];
war of 1877, [88];
contracts to give a tenth of all oil freights to oil combination, [89];
oil cars of, owned by oil combination, [92];
payments to American Transfer Company, [99].
New York, People of, vs. North River Sugar Refining Company, [3];
refiners do not dare to build large refineries, [107];
People of, vs. Everest et al., [244];
legal procedure, [285];
Railway Commission of 1857, [370];
in danger from refineries and tanks, [419];
Senate committee on oil trust and prices, [429];
Constitution of 1846 on railroads, [370];
Constitutional Convention of 1894, [451];
"Hepburn" legislative investigation on rebates, [476].
New York and New England Railroad, oil trustee president of, [189].
New Zealand Fire Insurance Company sues for losses by bad oil, [416].
Nickel appropriation, [402].
North River Sugar Refining Company, People of New York vs.,[ 3].
Northwestern Natural-gas Company, the Isaac Harter Company vs., [349].
Notice, freights raised without, [136], [200].
"Not yet," president of the oil trust, [454].
Nova Scotia coal-mines, consolidation of, by American syndicate, [5], [12], [461].
Ohio, oil-field, oil combination the only buyer of oil in, [107];
Supreme Court of, on discriminations, [219];
State of, vs. Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Texas Pacific Railway, [220];
State of, vs. Cincinnati, Washington, and Baltimore Railway, [220];
vs. Standard Oil Company, [239], [453];
senatorial election of 1884, [373];
Legislature demands investigation of the election of Senator Payne, [374];
Legislature defeats free pipe-line bill, [385];
State of, vs. City of Toledo, [314];
State of, vs. P.C. Boyle, [324];
distress among oil producers in 1892, [456];
Legislative report of 1879 on relations of railroads and oil combination, [477].
Ohio Oil Company vs. Toledo, Findlay and Springfield Railway, [306].
Oil, Canada, [12];
Canada producers attacked by American combination, [12].
Oil City fire, June 5, 1892, [417].
Oil combination, parent of trust system, [8];
founders of, [44];
and South Improvement Company the same, [49];
president of, explains its origin, [53];
contracts with competitors to limit production, [61], [65];
requires monthly reports, [62];
insists on secrecy, [63], [65], [79];
use of spies by, [65], [298], [334];
contract in restraint of trade, [66];
profits of restraint of trade, [66], [67];
restricts its capacity one-half, [68];
rebates from the railroads, [69], [474]-87;
scarcity the object of, [72];
control of transportation, [76];
buys out its widow competitor, [78];
puts her under bonds not to refine, [79];
binds competitors not to refine, [79], [80];
secret of success, testimony of president, [80];
value of the "works" of, [82];
issues $90,000,000 of stock on $6,000,000 of works, [82];
buys oil plant of Pennsylvania Railroad, [88];
owns oil cars of New York Central and Erie railroads, [92];
member of, denies, then admits, rebates, [95];
receipts from American Transfer Company, [100], [101];
owns United Pipe Lines, [101];
owns American Transfer Company, [101];
controls railroads' oil terminal facilities, [102];
uses railroad terminals to crush opposition, [102];
forces producers to sell below the market, [104];
will not pipe or buy oil, [106], [164];
shuts back Ohio oil wells, [107];
restricts production in Ohio, [107];
the only buyer of oil in Ohio oil-fields, [107];
and railroads fight the Tidewater Pipe Line, [108];
cuts prices of pipeage, [109];
speculates on its "advance knowledge" of cut in freight rates, [110];
enters into pool with Tidewater Pipe Line, [112];
owns National Transit Company, [113];
had no pipe line to seaboard, [116];
builds pipe line to seaboard, [116];
builds pipe lines from rebates given it by railroads, [116], [118];
and railroads advance rates, [118];
secret contract of 1885 with Pennsylvania Railroad, [120];
guarantees Pennsylvania Railroad 26 per cent. of the oil traffic, [121];
and Pennsylvania Railroad advance rates, [122];
pool with Pennsylvania Railroad, [123];
advances pipe-line rates, [125], [126];
Interstate Commerce Commission, on discrimination in favor of, [130];
gets New England business of independents, [137];
controls seaboard terminals of railroads, [142];
keeps Oil City and Titusville refineries closed, [143];
prompts railroad litigation before Interstate Commerce Commission, [144];
makes contract with producers to shut down wells, [153];
compels subordinate companies to make monthly reports, [155];
opposes piping of refined oil, [165];
owns $40,000,000 in 1883 in Pennsylvania, [166];
Pennsylvania tax case, [166];
Clarion County indictment, [170];
member of, admits rebates, [188];
president New York and New England Railroad is member of, [189];
prevents trial of Van Syckel's process of refining, [191];
member of, forecloses mortgage on Solar refinery, [193];
"another way of getting rid" of competitors, [200];
makes money by closing its refineries, [201];
how its earnings are pooled, [201];
its freight rates lowered while competitors' rates are raised, [202];
gets rebate of 25 cents out of 35 cents in freight, paid by competitor, [206];
not popular in the South, [209];
competes with grocers, [214], [300];
relations to State inspectors, [216], [413];
denies receipt of discriminating rates, [219];
Supreme Court of Ohio oil monopoly of, [220];
denies blind-billing, [231];
denies receipt of mileage, [234];
denies discriminations, [235];
pleasant relations with competitors, [243];
dividends of, [246];
political power of, [260], [372]-404;
and press, in Pennsylvania, [160];
in Buffalo, [298];
in Toledo, [317], [327];
defeated in suits on patents, [290];
brings suits to embarrass competitors, [290];
buys from the court suits against itself, [293];
refuses to meet competitive prices, [299];
abandons suit against Toledo in United States Supreme Court, [331];
detectives of, in Wall Street, [334];
evangelical and explosive, [358];
natural-gas companies, profits of, at Toledo, [362];
spends money in elections, [386];
members of, interested in subsidy legislation, [390];
acts with both political parties, [403];
defence before Bremen congress, [406];
its success explained by the president, [407];
has State inspectors in its pay, [411];
restricts production, [420];
buys Baltimore refineries, [421];
binds dealers not to buy of its competitors, [425];
oil made scarce by, [68], [420]-29;
price of oil under, [67], [420]-29, [431] n.;
drives out schooners, [433];
controls 90 per cent. of industry, [433];
pushing into every part of the world, [434];
owns no oil lands in 1880, [434];
large buyer of oil lands, [434];
favored by Canadian government, [435];
in Germany, [437];
sells refined oil in Europe cheaper than crude, [439];
in France, [440];
denial of negotiations with Russian oil-men, [442];
admits negotiations with Russian oil-men, [442];
reasons for war upon independents, [455];
and Extradition Treaty with Russia, [448];
prosperous during panic, [455];
growth of capitalization of, [457];
produces "infinitesimal amount" of oil, [463];
not an inventor, producer, pioneer, or capitalist, [464];
produces poverty, [464]-65;
principals of, not practical oil-men, [466], [467];
members of, deny rebates, [476];
secrecy as to ownership of certain shares, [487].
Oil, regions, early prosperity of, [42], [43];
public disorder in, [43];
producers refuse to sell to members of South Improvement Company, [56];
running on the ground, [91], [105], [106], [164];
European congress on poor quality of American, [406];
test of, lowered in Great Britain, [408];
financial distress in 1879-92, [455]-56.
Pacific Mail Steamship Company, report on bribery of Congress by, [394].
Pacific Railway officials admit rebates, [480].
Packers' Combination at Chicago investigated by Congress, [33].
Paint, to conceal numbers of tank-cars, [235].
Pall Mall Gazette on prices of refined and crude oil, [439].
Panics in oil, [43].
Parker district, on verge of civil war, [106].
Pastor, visit from the, [294].
Payne, Henry B., objects to investigation of railroads, [70], [372];
election of, to the Senate of the United States, [374];
candidate for President, [387];
votes against Interstate Commerce Commission bill, [388];
solicits Democratic votes in the Senate for confirmation of Republican nominee, [400].
Peckham, S.F., United States Census report on petroleum, [39], [41];
on railroads and tank-cars, [228].
Pennsylvania, Constitution of 1873 disobeyed by the railroads, [18];
Legislature nullifies Constitution in interest of railroads, [18];
uprising of 1872, [54];
Constitutional Convention, 1873, [54];
Commonwealth of, vs. Pennsylvania Railroad et al., 1879, [94];
Secretary of Internal Affairs hung in effigy, [105];
Attorney-General brings tax suit against Standard Oil Company, [169];
Legislature investigates Standard Oil Company tax case, [176];
Supreme Court of, delays hearing on appeal of independents, [447];
Constitution on railroads, [451];
Secretary of Internal Affairs on relations of railroads and oil combination, [477].
Pennsylvania Railroad and South Improvement Company, [48];
and Improvement Company charters, [55];
put under bond not to refine, [79];
keeps faith "some months," [84];
reaches out for control of oil trade, [87];
carries oil at eight cents a barrel less than nothing, [88];
sells its refineries and pipe lines, [88];
contracts to give a tenth of all oil freights to oil combination, [89];
pledges not to compete with oil combination, [89];
withdraws rates from independent refiners, [90];
officials threaten independent pipe lines, [91];
officials recommend "fix-up" with the oil combination to independent shippers, [90], [91];
increases rates, refuses cars, to independent shippers, [91];
refuses to haul cars owned by independent shippers, [92];
refuses a business of ten thousand barrels of oil a day, [93];
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania vs., 1879, [94];
pays American Transfer Company three months' back pay, [99];
refuses to furnish cars to oil producers, [106];
officials testify to war on Tidewater Pipe Line, [109];
discriminations against refineries using the Tidewater, [110];
Titusville and Oil City Independent Refiners' Associations vs., [118], [165];
renews broken promises of equal rates, [119];
makes war on refiners it invited to rebuild, [120];
secret contract of 1885, with oil combination, [120];
guaranteed 26 per cent. of seaboard oil traffic by oil combination, [121];
refuses to produce contract with oil combination, [121];
and oil combination advance rail and pipe rates, [122];
oil rates of, extortionate, [123];
counsel of, bullies Interstate Commerce Commission, [124];
perverts decision of Interstate Commerce Commission, [131];
increases rates to barrel shippers, [131];
ignores directions of Interstate Commerce Commission, [133]-34;
refuses to haul tank-cars for independents, [140];
Interstate Commerce Commission delays for two years to enforce law against, [147];
gets another rehearing from Interstate Commerce Commission, [150];
said to run Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, [181];
divides the coal business of Pennsylvania among three dealers, [490].
Perth Amboy, independent shipments from, [135].
Peru, [441].
Petroleum, combination in, [38]-493;
De Witt Clinton's suggestion, [38];
early manufacture of, [38], [44];
Reichenbach's prediction, [38];
in exhibitions of 1839 and 1851, [39];
early American refiners, [39];
early American manufacturers ready for new supply of oil, [40];
price of, in 1862, [40].
Petroleum Producers' Union, report of General Council of, on attempts to lessen production of oil, [153].
Phantom Party, in McKean County, [105].
Philadelphia, Sharpless vs., [315].
Phillips, Wendell, on Pennsylvania Railroad, [147].
Piano-makers' combination, [5].
Pilots, Brotherhood of Steamboat, protest against foreign engineers, [399].
Pioneer refiner of Cleveland, [73].
Pipe lines, origin of, [41];
first laid by Van Syckel, [41];
Pennsylvania Free Pipe Line law worthless, [57];
to Cleveland, [65];
number of, in 1874, [84];
Eighty per cent. of, died in 1874-5, [84];
pool of 1874, [86];
frozen out, [87];
bankrupt, bought up by oil trust, [87];
Equitable Pipe Line proposed, [91];
independent, threatened by Pennsylvania Railroad, [91];
United Pipe Lines, owned by the oil combination, [101];
industry closed to the people, 1877, [104];
refuse to carry oil unless sold to oil combination, [104];
of oil combination refuse to pipe, [106];
Tidewater, first to seaboard, [107];
rates cut by oil combination in war with Tidewater, [109];
to seaboard not built first by the oil combination, [116];
competitors of the railway, [116];
New York Sun on, [117];
pool with railroads, [121];
cost of service, [122];
rates of, advanced by oil combination, [125], [126];
profits of, [126];
rates higher under the oil combination, [125], [126];
independent, to seaboard projected in 1887, [152];
in 1892, [160];
oil combination lays, upon railroad right of way, [162];
refuse to take oil, 1893, [164];
independent, transport refined oil, [165];
built by George Rice, [208];
independent, destroyed by Erie Railroad by force, [291];
Toledo builds better than private company, [360];
bill for free, defeated by the Ohio Legislature, [385];
independent, and Russian-American monopoly, [445];
independent, consolidate in 1894, [446];
independent, cut, [447].
(See Tidewater Pipe Line).
Policemen, coal and iron, [18].
Politics of business, [403].
Pool, steamship, [395];
for sale of oil, [420].
Poor's Railroad Manual, railroad interests of members of oil combination, [460].
Pork, combination of packers of, [36].
Postal subsidy law, passed, [389]-400;
payment under, [396];
Postmaster-General makes subsidy contracts, [390];
his relations to those who receive postal subsidies, [403].
Poverty, abolition of, [526].
Premium on oil advanced, [144].
President of the oil combination denies contracts with railroads, [51];
on "ways of making money you know nothing of," [52];
the "only party that would buy," [52];
offers 50 cents on the dollar, [52];
explains its origin, [53];
testifies about Southern Improvement Company, [59];
member of South Improvement Company, [60];
denies contracts to restrict competition, [61];
testifies to "very small profit," [67];
argues for restriction of production, [68];
denies that it gets cheaper freights, [70];
testifies as to secret of success, [80];
testifies that it likes competition, [87];
knew about freight rates, [96];
cannot recall discriminating freight rates, [96];
frequents office of Erie Railroad, [102];
denies pool with the Tidewater Pipe Line, [113];
sole attorney of the trust, [114];
denies any connection with National Transit Company, [114];
denies the "shut-down" of 1887, [158];
described by Van Syckel, [184];
interview about rebates on Rice's business, [207];
on pleasant relations with competitors, [243];
testifies the oil trust is not a manufacturing company, [272];
testifies to reports by subordinate companies, [274];
does not know about monthly reports by subordinate companies, [274];
explains its success, [407];
on its cheapness, [420];
in the commission business, [432];
on its ownership of oil lands, [434];
its properties "not yet" sufficiently numerous, [454];
testifies to shares in the trust owned by trustees individually, [458];
"does not know," [467]-68;
made attorney of the trust, [470].
President of the Standard Oil Company denies ownership of company by Standard Oil Trust, [458].
Press, and oil combination, [160], [298], [317], [327];
use of, to make subsidy popular, [392];
Philadelphia, on Russian Extradition Treaty, [448].
Price of oil advances under restraint of trade, [66], [67];
under oil combination, [67], [420], [431] n.;
manipulated by oil combination, [104];
in Ohio, [107];
in New York and Europe, [164];
higher for crude than for refined oil, [164];
manipulation of, [210];
lowered by competition, [281], [294];
advances after Baltimore consolidation, [421];
regulated by committee, [421];
in New York, fixed by oil combination, [423];
in Texas, independent of competition, [423];
evidence gathered by Congress, [423]-24;
put higher after "wars" than before, [424];
fixation of, [425];
E. Benjamin Andrews on, [430] n.;
New York Daily Commercial Bulletin on, [430] n.;
under trusts, [431] n.;
decline in Germany, [438];
refined oil lower than crude, [439];
under monopoly, [502].
Private enterprise and public, [311].
Producers of oil, and South Improvement Company, [54];
organization in Pennsylvania, [56];
embargo broken, [57];
Union, report, 1872, [60];
forced to sell oil to trust, [104];
forced to sell below market price, [105];
lose their land, [434].
Producers and Refiners' Oil Company, Limited, Carter vs., [164], [446].
Production restricted, [72];
in Ohio, [107];
at Oil City and Titusville, [143];
by shut-down of 1887, [153], [157];
cheapness of, [217], [429], [445].
Profits of natural-gas company, at Toledo, [362].
Property, "is monopoly," [37];
of the combinations, [513].
Prosperity, early, in oil regions, [42], [43].
Public powers and property, private use of, [523].
Publication of railroad tariff, how evaded, [230].
Punishment nominal, [292].
Quality, deterioration of, under monopoly, [405]-19;
of oil in Germany, [438].
Quinby, District Attorney, [247]-98.
Railroads, northwestern, combination with elevators, [5];
buying bituminous coal lands, [11];
buying iron and timber lands, [12];
refuse cars to independent coal shippers, [12];
crushing independent coal producers, [13];
monopolize anthracite coal, [11], [14];
raise freights to prevent settlement of coal strike, 1871, [16];
forbidden in Pennsylvania to own or operate coal-mines, [18];
disregard Interstate Commerce Commission's decision on coal rates, [19];
and elevators combined in Minnesota, [31];
northwestern, coerce grain buyers, [31];
northwestern, fix the price of wheat, [31];
give discriminating rates to dressed-beef men, [36];
contract with South Improvement Company, [45];
contract to overcome competition for preferred shippers, [48];
as detectives, [48];
advance freight rates on oil 100 per cent., [50];
grant special privileges to railroad directors, [54];
lobbying at Harrisburg, [55];
rebates to oil combination, [69];
facilities controlled by oil combination, [76];
carry crude oil to Cleveland for preferred shippers without charge, [85];
force Cleveland refiners into unnatural equality, [85];
how they equalize persons and places, [86];
make war on Pennsylvania Railroad for oil combination, [87];
of New York received $40,000,000 of public cash, [97];
tribute paid by, to American Transfer Company, [99];
pay American Transfer Company on oil not handled by it, [100];
officials members of American Transfer Company, [100];
oil terminal facilities transferred to oil combination, [101];
fight Tidewater Pipe Line for the oil combination, [108];
lose $10,000,000 in war against Tidewater Pipe Line, [109];
will not tell how low rates were made against Tidewater Pipe Line, [109];
give use of their lands to pipe lines of oil combination, [116];
give oil combination money to build pipe lines, [116], [118];
pool with pipe lines of the oil trust, [118];
officials drive business from railroads to competing pipe line, [119], [134];
broken pledges of, to independent refiners, [119];
pool with pipe lines, [121];
make war on barrel-shippers, [129], [132];
carry tank-cars free, [131];
increase freight rate on barrels, [131], [132];
increase freight rates at instance of the oil combination, [132];
raise freights without legal notice, [136], [218];
vary rates according to destination beyond their lines, [137];
mistakes not corrected, [138];
destroy barrel shipments, [138];
promises of reparation unfulfilled, [139];
make rates that prohibit traffic, [139];
surrender terminals to oil combination, [140], [142];
relations with oil trust collusive, [143];
litigation before Interstate Commerce Commission prompted by oil combination, [144];
disobey Interstate Commerce Commission's decision, [149], [218];
oppose new independent pipe line to seaboard, [160];
give use of lands to pipe lines of the oil trust, [162];
officials wasting stockholders' money in hopeless litigation, [163];
force Joshua Merrill out of business, [189];
consult with oil combination about raising rates against independents, [200];
make rates that prohibit traffic at Marietta, [201], [203];
refuse rates to Marietta refiners, [202];
officials refuse to testify in Ohio in 1879, [202];
increase rates 333 per cent. to one shipper, [217];
deny discrimination, [218];
make their favorites "sole people," [219];
consult with preferred shippers as to freight rates to competitors, [219];
refuse to answer letters of shippers, [220], [227];
charge more for the shorter hauls, [221], [222], [223];
"mistakes" for favored shippers, [223], [234];
officials refuse to testify before Congress, [224];
"illegal" refusal to give rates, [224], [227];
refuse to answer questions about tank-car rates, [228];
make charges regardless of quantity for preferred shippers, [229];
haul tank-cars free for preferred shippers, [229];
evasions of the law regarding publication of tariffs, [230];
misstate tank-car rates to shippers, [230];
make rates to preferred shippers "astonishingly low," [232];
refuse to give rates, [233];
pay preferred shippers mileage, [233];
conceal mileage from independent shippers, [233];
give Standard Oil Company 25 cents out of 35 cents freight paid by George Rice, [206];
allegiance to the company, [203];
construction aided by Toledo, [313];
Commission of 1873, in Great Britain, [369];
regulation, Duke of Wellington on, [369];
and Constitution of New York of 1846, [370];
British, A.T. Hadley on, [370];
New York Commission of 1857, [370];
procure abolition of New York Railway Commission of 1857, [371];
State commissions to regulate, [371];
officials refuse to answer questions of Congress, [373];
prevent shipment of Colorado oil to Pacific states, [427];
no discrimination on German, [438];
Pennsylvania Constitution on, [451];
lose the oil business worth $30,000,000 a year, [456];
ownership of members of oil trust in, [460], [461];
rates to oil combination secret, [474];
preferences to oil combination described by the Interstate Commerce Commission, [478];
officials admit rebates, [480];
shut off shipments of Colorado and Wyoming oil, [481];
collusive litigation between Southern Pacific Railroad and oil combination, [483];
officials charged with receiving a bonus for giving rebates, [486];
officials owners of stock in Chicago Union Stockyards, [487];
tax the poor for the rich, [489];
give $50,000,000 to $100,000,000 rebates out of $800,000,000 freights yearly, [491];
excuses for violating Interstate Commerce law, [498];
accidents to employés, [499];
rights of employés, [506].
Ramsdell, Homer, on South Improvement Company contract, [50].
Reading Railroad and railroad war of 1877, [88].
Rebates, to South Improvement Company, [46];
equal to 21 per cent. a year on capital, [69];
Ohio Supreme Court decision on, [69];
to the oil combination, [69], [474]-87;
denied by president of the oil combination, [96];
to Standard Oil Company, [96], [206];
to American Transfer Company, [100];
from railroads build pipe lines for oil combination, [116], [118];
to oil combination admitted, [188];
unknown to outside shippers, [475];
giving or receiving, a penitentiary offence, [475];
denied by members of the oil trust, [476];
to oil combination, summary of evidence of, [479];
admitted by officials of the Pacific railways, [480];
to A.T. Stewart & Co., [489];
given by Pennsylvania Railroad to three coal-dealers, [490];
refusal of givers and takers to testify in Chicago, [490];
$50,000,000 to $100,000,000 a year, [491].
Refineries, petroleum, dismantling of, [42];
oil, put under contract to limit production, [61], [65];
shut down and pulled down, [71].
Refiners, compelled to sell to South Improvement Company, [51];
put under bonds not to refine, [79];
New York, do not dare to build large refineries, [107].
Refuse oil delivered to competitors, [291].
Reichenbach on petroleum, [38].
Reports by subordinate companies of oil trust, [274].
Republican party and sugar trust, [404].
Restriction, of competing refineries by oil combination, [61];
of its capacity to one-half by the oil combination, [68];
of production, by oil combination, [421];
in Scotland, [435].
Rice, George, [199]-242;
lets Interstate Commerce Commission cases go by default, [151];
vs. Brundred et al., [239];
cases before Interstate Commerce Commission, [239] n.;
vs. Standard Oil Trust, [241];
vs. trustees of Standard Oil Trust, [453].
Rice, Robinson, and Witherop case, 1890, before Interstate Commerce Commission, [147].
Richardson vs. Buhl et al., [10].
River, interference with shipments by, [224];
shipments stopped by oil combination, [433];
trade in Germany appropriated by oil trust, [437].
Rochester, explosion in Vacuum refinery, [250], [252].
Rosebery, Lord, comments of Investors' Review, [450].
Rothschilds, position in Russian oil industry, [443].
Ruffner Brothers, [462].
Russia, American oil combination in, [442];
every producer allowed to enter international trust, [444];
Minister of Finance organizes combination with American oil trust, [444];
why government of, favored American oil combination, [448];
treaty with, [448].
Rutter circular, [85].
Salt, [32].
Sanford case, Pennsylvania Supreme Court, [54].
Scandinavia, [437].
Scarcity, the object of oil combination, [72];
Oil City and Titusville refineries kept closed, [142].
Schenck, U.P., libel against the, [225].
Scofield, Representative, resolution for investigation of South Improvement Company, [56];
W.C., Standard Oil Company vs., [61], [89];
decision, [66];
et al. vs. Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway Company, [70].
Scotch refiners in 1850, [39];
pool of, [72];
make superior article, [408];
precluded from discussing poor quality of American oil, [409];
pool with Americans broken in 1892, [427];
pool with American combination, [435];
compelled to reduce production, [435];
shrinkage of capital, [436].
Scott, Thomas, on South Improvement Company contract, [50].
Screw, turn another, [213].
Seaboard, Tidewater, first pipe line to, [107].
Seamen, American, not employed by American subsidized steamers, [400].
Secrecy, insisted on by oil combination, [63], [65], [79];
in the increase of freights, [218], [474];
as to ownership of oil-trust stock, [487].
Secretary, of oil combination, testifies before Ohio Legislature, [51];
testifies to "scarcely any profits," [67];
testifies to purchase of oil plant of Pennsylvania Railroad, [89];
not a practical oil-man, [465];
refused to give Congress names of owners of certain shares in its pipe lines, [487].
Seemann, E.F., Die Monopolisirung des Petroleum Handels und der Petroleum Industrie, [438].
Selligue, [38], [462].
Senate, United States, the Payne scandal, [374]-88.
Sharpless vs. Philadelphia, [315].
Shrouds, combination, [37].
"Shut-down," of 1887, [72], [153];
advances prices of kerosene, [158].
Silliman, Professor Benjamin, analyzes petroleum, [39];
on oil not monopolized, [40].
Slave-trade, [525].
Smith, Adam, [494].
Socrates, the great are the bad, [506].
South Improvement Company, investigated by Congress, [43], [45];
investigation suppressed, [45];
contract of railroads with, [45];
rebates, [46];
and oil combination, same, [49];
to have complete monopoly, [49];
compels refiners to sell to it, [51];
contracts not cancelled, [57];
charter repealed, [57];
arrangement still exists "in reality," [58];
President of Standard Oil Company on, [59];
plan of, reproduced, [85];
reappears in American Transfer Company, [100];
espionage in operation in 1880, [213];
charged to be now in operation in California, [479].
South, oil combination not popular in the, [209].
Southern Pacific Railroad Company and Whittier, Fuller & Co., Standard Oil Company vs., [484].
Speculation, in sugar-trust stock, [32], [403];
in oil, [42];
by oil combination, on advance knowledge of freight reduction, [110];
follows "shut-down" of 1887, [157].
Spies, [65];
watch shipments, [212];
pay of, [298];
in war on Toledo, [334].
Standard Oil Company, interview with president of, concerning South Improvement Company, [59];
president of, testifies about Southern Improvement Company, [59];
vs. W.C. Scofield et al., [61], [89];
decision, [65];
contract with Lake Shore road decided to be "unlawful," [70];
Supreme Court of Ohio on its monopoly, [70];
and war of rates, 1877, [88];
contracts for rebate of one-tenth of all oil freights, [89];
lower rates by Pennsylvania Railroad to, [90], [94];
freight rate of 38 cents to, [95];
Erie contract with, [102];
independents forced to sell to, [141];
tax investigation, by Pennsylvania Legislature, [166];
members of, indicted in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, [170];
saved from trial by Supreme Court, [180];
members of, object to taking witness-stand, [171];
People of Ohio vs., [239];
sued by Toledo for $1,000,000 damages, [367];
spends money in elections, [386];
Senator Payne on the, [386];
pays State inspectors, [414];
owned by Standard Oil Trust, [458];
its president denies ownership by Standard Oil Trust, [458];
application to Attorney-General of New York for forfeiture of charter of, [458];
vs. Southern Pacific Railroad and Whittier, Fuller Co., [484].
Standard Oil Trust, purchase of works of widow competitor by three trustees of, [80];
dissolution of, [240];
Rice vs., [241];
and the Buffalo explosion, [253]-98;
not a manufacturing company, [272];
members of, ordered acquitted by the judge, [272]-84;
trustees personally own majority of each company in, [273], [458];
controls every movement of subordinate companies, [274];
how it pools the control and profits of subordinate companies, [275];
owns natural-gas companies, [337];
counsel of, is president of the New York Constitutional Convention, [452];
declared void by Supreme Court of New York, [453];
People of Ohio vs., [453];
Rice vs. Trustees of, [453];
Supreme Court of Ohio pronounces it a monopoly, and void, [453];
New York Legislature on formidable money power of, [457];
dividends, [457];
capital of, worth $148,000,000 in 1888, [457];
Interstate Commerce Commission on immense power of, [458];
keeps no books, [469];
operations not business, [470];
makes president its attorney, [470];
executes large contracts through attorneys, [470];
asks Congress to hear additional defence, [471];
discrepancy between the facts and its evidence, [471];
claims same rebates were granted to other shippers, [472];
its offer to prove to Congress that C.B. Matthews testified falsely, [472];
its employment of detectives admitted by latter, [472];
its threats of litigation against competitors, [473];
member of, denies rebates, [478].
Steamship, discrimination in favor of meat combination, [37];
pool, [395].
Sterne, Simon, on oil terminals of Erie Railroad, [102];
on railroads taxing poor for the rich, [489].
Stewart, A.T., & Co., rebate to, [489].
St. Louis, forty reductions in oil prices in three years, [427].
Stock watering in natural-gas companies at Toledo, [363].
Stock Yards, Chicago, Union, [34].
Storage, ordinances for, used to overcome competition, [215].
Storer, F.H., on Selligue, [38].
Stoves, [9];
Manufacturers, National Association, [10].
Street-railways, Brooklyn, consolidation, [5].
Strike of New York freight-handlers, 1882, [296].
Subsidy, urged by Secretary of the Navy, [389];
voted by Congressmen of both parties, [389];
postal, [389]-400;
press used to popularize, [392];
policy of limitations, [393];
got by bribery, [394];
advocated by United States Commissioner of Navigation, [401].
Sugar trust, Judge Barrett's decision, [3], [4];
investigation by New York Legislature, [32], [33];
capital and dividends, [32], [33], [404];
contributes to Republican and Democratic parties, [403];
president testifies about campaign contributions, [403];
securities and profits, [404];
and government, [404];
and anti-trust law, [404];
president admits it has increased price, [431] n.;
and tariff bill of 1894, [449].
Sumatra, [441].
Sun, New York, on income of members of oil trust, [459].
Suppression, of congressional investigation, 1872, [45], [60];
1876, [71];
evidence in Cleveland, [83].
Supreme Court of Ohio, decision on rebates, [69];
of Pennsylvania, interferes to save members of Standard Oil Company from trial, [180];
said to be run by Pennsylvania Railroad, [181];
of New York, on Standard Oil Trust, [453].
Survival of the unfittest, [14].
Tank-boats for canal, [96].
Tank-cars, origin of, [41];
carried free by railroads, [131];
less profitable to railroads than barrels, [138];
free carriage of 62 gallons in each, [139];
worse than powder, [139];
prohibitory discrimination against competitors', [189];
independent shippers cannot get rates, [228];
of preferred shippers, hauled free by railroads, [229];
numbers painted out, [235].
Tank-steamers, German, refused oil, [437].
Tariff, changes in Germany, [437];
lowered in France, [440];
and sugar trust, [404], [449];
and trusts, John De Witt Warner on, [449].
Taxes, oil combination refuses to pay, in Pennsylvania, [166].
Terminal facilities, of railroads, controlled by oil combination, [102];
surrendered by railroads to oil combination, [140], [142].
Testimony, in Cleveland case disappears, [83];
mutilated transcript for Congress of Buffalo explosion case, [244], [267], [298];
taken in Congressional investigation of 1876 stolen, [373].
Thurman, Allen G., on the election of Senator Payne, [376].
Tidewater Pipe Line, organized, [107];
rate of 10 cents per barrel made by railroads against, [108];
plugged, [111];
surrenders to the oil combination, [112].
Timber lands, railroads buying, [12].
Titusville fire, June 5, 1892, [417].
Titusville and Oil City Independent Refiners' Associations vs. Pennsylvania Railroad et al., [118]-65.
Toledo, Findlay and Springfield Railway vs. Ohio Oil Company, [306].
Toledo, war upon, [305]-68;
undertakes municipal supply of natural gas, [307];
municipal aid to railroads, [313];
People of Ohio vs., [314];
Fellows et al. vs., [314];
part of the oil combination in the war against, admitted, [339];
city natural-gas line, financial results, [359]-68;
public enterprise builds better pipe line than private, [360];
gas shut off, [366];
brings suit against Standard Oil Company and others for $1,000,000 damages, [367].
Treasurer, of oil combination, denies purchase of oil plant of Pennsylvania Railroad, [89].
Treasury, Secretary of United States, business associate of oil combination, [400];
orders it paid drawbacks, [401];
Commissioner of Navigation, advocates subsidies, [401].
Truesdale, George, testimony of, [246].
Trust, anti, law, [3], [7], [404];
oil combination, parent of system of, [8];
in politics, [403];
all contribute to campaign expenses, [403];
prices, [429];
prices of, superior to panic, [431] n.;
and tariff, [449].
Turpentine, rates on, [232].
Undertakers combination, [37].
United Pipe Lines, buy bankrupt pipe lines, [87];
owned by oil combination, [101], [125].
United States, vs. E.C. Knight & Co. et al., [404];
marshal libels river steamers, [225].
United States Pipe Line forced to abandon Hancock route, [163];
makes success of piping refined oil, [165];
opposition to extension beyond Wilkes-barre, [445].
Uprising in the oil regions, 1872, [55].
Vanderbilt, Commodore Cornelius, wealth of, at [44], [460];
William H., on South Improvement Company contract, [51];
surprised by ready cash of oil combination, [88];
never heard of American Transfer Company, [99] n.
Van Syckel, Samuel, lays first pipe line, [41], [185];
history and inventions of, [182]-98;
vs. Acme Oil Company, [187];
gets United States patents for new process of refining, [193];
given 6 cents damages by the judge, [195];
dies in poverty, [462].
Wagons cheaper than railroads, [211].
Warner, A.J., on bill to regulate river shipments, [225].
Warner, John De Witt, on trusts and tariff, [449].
Washington, Constitution concerning trusts, [451].
Wealth, concentrated, greatest sovereign, [134];
of the combinations, certain features of, [513].
Webster, Daniel, on extemporaneous acquisition, [462].
Weehawken oil docks, [140].
Well-drillers' Union and the "shut-down" of 1887, [154].
Wellington, Duke of, on State and railroads, [369].
Whalebacks, [460].
Whiskey, ring of 1874, [20];
trust, secretary of, arrested, [21].
Widow, competitor of oil combination, [75];
forced to sell, [77].
Wilkes-barre railroads oppose independent pipe-line crossing, [161].
Wilson, William L., on sugar trust, [32];
President Cleveland to, [404].
Witnesses, before United States Senate Committee investigating Chicago meat combination intimidated, [34];
before committee of Congress refuse to testify, [60];
refuse to appear before Interstate Commerce Commission, [145];
railroad officials refuse to testify in Ohio, [202];
railroad, refuse to testify before Congress, [224];
coached, [279].
Woman refiner, [73].
Working-men, thrown out of work, [54], [68], [135], [154], [159], [455];
punished for boycott, [287];
of Toledo support city natural-gas pipe line, [308];
in Toledo subscribe for city gas bonds, [340];
reduction of wages in Scotland, [436];
decline of wages in oil regions, [456].
World, New York, on Russian Extradition Treaty, [448].
Wright, Henry C., discussion on slavery, [346].
Wyoming oil, railroads prevent shipments of, [481].
Young, T. Graham, on British oil test, [409].
THE END
A STRIKE OF MILLIONAIRES AGAINST MINERS
OR, THE
Story of Spring Valley