Some information as to details of costs may not be out of place. All employees were paid a salary and required to provide their own subsistence. Salaries ranged from $250 to $500 per month for experienced men, from $125 to $250 for men with only a few years of experience, and from $75 to $125 for assistants and clerks.

All traveling expenses (except hotel and subsistence) were paid, the State issuing mileage books to all employees, and receiving a complete check on the movements of every man through the mileage bureau. The telegraph and long-distance telephone were used almost exclusively in communication between the office and the men in the field, all bills being paid by the State. All expenses of inspection by hand-car, velocipede-car, etc., were paid by the State, except as the roadmasters made trips with the inspectors.

The unvarying policy of the appraiser was to reimburse the companies for all extra expenses incurred on account of the work, and to accept no transportation or favors from any company.

TABLE 7.—Grand Summary of Railroad Appraisal of 1900 as to Seventy-eight Incorporated Railroads.

Physical Appraisal.

Item No.Subject.Cost of reproduction.Present value.
1Engineering, 4% on items 2 to 25, inclusive, and on item 33$5,386,772$5,386,772
2Right of way and station grounds27,745,31327,745,313
3Real estate863,337863,337
4Grading21,699,99521,693,024
5Tunnels1,148,0701,093,445
6Bridges, trestles, and culverts8,027,1196,337,819
7Ties (cross- and switch-ties)11,139,9246,148,748
8Rails28,703,01221,865,994
9Track fastenings3,845,0302,987,982
10Frogs, switches, and crossings1,469,7811,040,120
11Ballast3,723,5583,723,558
12Track laying and surfacing6,555,6386,400,972
13Fencing2,763,5951,627,790
14Crossings, cattle guards, and signs607,542428,474
15Interlocking and signal apparatus501,883448,686
16Telegraph (30) telephones258,985134,797
17Station buildings and fixtures4,108,7363,111,103
18Shops, round-houses, and turn-tables2,157,2281,467,569
19Shop machinery and tools1,107,910882,634
20Water stations725,670522,135
21Fuel stations303,289201,461
22Grain elevators1,336,7941,609,043
23Warehouses258,646183,910
24Docks and wharfs5,531,9193,831,934
25Miscellaneous structures1,234,345856,253
26Locomotives9,021,5175,092,053
27Passenger equipment3,197,4732,277,271
28Freight equipment19,734,24013,690,587
29Miscellaneous equipment702,940423,689
31Ferries and steamships1,725,0001,095,500
32Electric plants93,06189,898
33Terminals. Included in Items 1 to 32
34Legal expenses, 0.5% on items 2 to 25, inclusive, and on item 33673,349673,349
35Interest, 3% on items 1 to 34, inclusive5,290,5495,290,549
36Miscellaneous expensesOrganization, 1.5% on items 1 to 34, inclusive2,645,2772,645,277
Contingencies, 10% on items 1 to 34, inclusive18,428,75915,127,110
Total Cost of Construction and Equipment.$202,716,262$166,398,156
37Stores and supplies1,474,8291,474,829
Average per main-line mile28,26323,495
   "     "  total-track mile18,62715,290
Total Value of Non-Physical Element (H. C. Adams) 35,814,043

The Result of the Michigan Work.—Any undertaking must be judged by its results. The Attorney-General's report for 1906, on pages [21] and [23], states:

"These cases are among the most important in the history of the State. They constitute the last step in subjecting railroad property in Michigan to taxation on the same basis and at the same rate as other property is taxed, and secure practical uniformity and equality of taxation between railroad and other property.

"As a result of these cases the various railroad corporations paid in taxes $4,787,478.15, and as penalty thereon $1,158,321.18, a total amount of $5,945,799.43 for the years 1902, 1903 and 1904. The 1905 tax being paid soon after the decision of the Supreme Court, nothing was paid under the former law (specific tax on earnings) and, of course, there was no penalty on the 1905 taxes as they were paid before May 1, 1906."

In short, the roads are paying to the State of Michigan an average of $1,595,826.05 more per year than they paid under the old law, and to date the State has received about $10,750,000 more from taxes than it would have received under the old specific tax law.