Instinct, determined by heredity, 206; of higher animals, 208; differs from intelligence in degree, 210.

Intelligence, 203; in mental life of communal insects, 207.

Invertebrates, lower animals devoid of backbone, 47; structural plan, 48; branches of, 49; groups, two layer animals, 50; hydra, sea-anemones, soft-polyps, 50; more complicated, 68; palæontological materials, 82; evolution of lowest members, 92.

Jaguar, 101.

Jastrow, 294.

Java, 173.

Jellyfish, 81.

Jordan, David Starr, 123.

Kangaroo, 42.

Keane, 185.