Faces page
A pair of Lesser Spotted Woodpeckers attacking a Great Spotted Woodpecker[Frontispiece]
Territorial flight of the Black-tailed Godwit[54]
Competition for territory is seldom more severe than individual Razorbills to secure positions on the among cliff-breeding seabirds, and the efforts of crowded ledges lead to desperate struggles[64]
Male Blackbirds fighting for the possession of territory. The bare skin on the crown of the defeated bird shows the nature of the injuries from which it succumbed.[74]
Male Cuckoos fighting before the arrival of a female[82]
Two pairs of Pied Wagtails fighting in defence of their territories[86]
Long-tailed Tit: males fighting for the possession of territory. The feathers have been torn from the crown of the defeated and dying rival[96]
A battle between two pairs of Jays[106]
The Female Chaffinch shares in the defence of the territory and attacks other females[110]
Peregrine Falcon attacking a Raven[216]
A battle between a pair of Green Woodpeckers and a Great Spotted Woodpecker for the possession of a hole in an oak-tree[238]
Plans of the Water-meadow showing the Territories occupied by Lapwings in 1915 and 1916[Between 58 and 59]

SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF BIRDS
MENTIONED IN THE TEXT

RavenCorvus corax.
Carrion-CrowCorvus corone.
Hooded CrowCorvus cornix.
RookCorvus frugilegus.
MagpiePica pica.
JayGarrulus glandarius rufitergum.
ChoughPyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax.
StarlingSturnus vulgaris.
GreenfinchChloris chloris.
HawfinchCoccothraustes coccothraustes.
House-SparrowPasser domesticus.
ChaffinchFringilla cœlebs.
BramblingFringilla montifringilla.
LinnetAcanthis cannabina.
Corn-BuntingEmberiza calandra.
Yellow BuntingEmberiza citrinella.
Cirl BuntingEmberiza cirlus.
Reed-BuntingEmberiza schœniclus.
Sky-LarkAlauda arvensis.
Pied WagtailMotacilla lugubris.
Tree-PipitAnthus trivialis.
Meadow-PipitAnthus pratensis.
Great TitmouseParus major newtoni.
Blue TitmouseParus cœruleus obscurus.
Long-tailed TitmouseÆgithalus caudatus roseus.
Red-backed ShrikeLanius collurio.
WhitethroatSylvia communis.
Lesser WhitethroatSylvia curruca.
BlackcapSylvia atricapilla.
Grasshopper-WarblerLocustella nœvia.
Savi's WarblerLocustella luscinioides.
Reed-WarblerAcrocephalus scirpaceus.
Marsh-WarblerAcrocephalus palustris.
Sedge-WarblerAcrocephalus schœnobænus.
Willow-WarblerPhylloscopus trochilus.
Wood-WarblerPhylloscopus sibilatrix.
ChiffchaffPhylloscopus collybita.
Song-ThrushTurdus musicus clarkii.
RedwingTurdus iliacus.
BlackbirdTurdus merula.
RedstartPhœnicurus phœnicurus.
RedbreastErithacus rubecula melophilus.
NightingaleLuscinia megarhyncha.
StonechatSaxicola rubicola.
WhinchatSaxicola rubetra.
WheatearŒnanthe œnanthe.
Hedge-SparrowAccentor modularis.
WrenTroglodytes troglodytes.
Spotted FlycatcherMuscicapa striata.
SwallowHirundo rustica.
MartinDelichon urbica.
Sand-MartinRiparia riparia.
Great Spotted WoodpeckerDryobates major anglicus.
Lesser Spotted WoodpeckerDryobates minor.
Green WoodpeckerPicus viridis.
CuckooCuculus canorus.
Tawny OwlStrix aluco.
BuzzardButeo buteo.
Sparrow-HawkAccipiter nisus.
Peregrine FalconFalco peregrinus.
MerlinFalco æsalon.
KestrelFalco tinnunculus.
ShagPhalacrocorax graculus.
Wild DuckAnas boschas.
SnipeGallinago gallinago.
DunlinTringa alpina.
RuffMachetes pugnax.
RedshankTotanus totanus.
Black-tailed GodwitLimosa limosa.
CurlewNumenius arquata.
WhimbrelNumenius phæopus.
American Golden PloverCharadrius dominicus.
LapwingVanellus vanellus.
Oyster-CatcherHæmatopus ostralegus.
Herring-GullLarus argentatus.
KittiwakeRissa tridactyla.
RazorbillAlca torda.
GuillemotUria troille.
PuffinFratercula arctica.
FulmarFulmarus glacialis.
Water-RailRallus aquaticus.
Corn-CrakeCrex crex.
Moor-HenGallinula chloropus.
CootFulica atra.
Wood-PigeonColumba palumbus.
Turtle-DoveStreptopelia turtur.
PartridgePerdix perdix.
Black GrouseLyrurus tetrix britannicus.
Red GrouseLagopus scoticus.

TERRITORY IN BIRD LIFE