Men of the Old Stone Age: Their Environment, Life and Art

by Henry Fairfield Osborn

INDEX

INDEX[BK]

A
Abbeville, [109], [116], [124], [125], [127], [149], [152], [156], [166], [167], [244], [331]
Abri Audit, [245], [246], [248], [255], [269], [277], [305], [307], [309], [311], [314]
Abri Dufaure, [471]
Abri Mège, [435], [442]
Abris, see Rock Shelters
Achenheim, [30], [160], [161], [167], [176], [195], [284], [314]
Achenschwankung, see Postglacial Stage
Acheulean, [14-16], [18], [30];
chronology, [33], [41], [89];
climate, [112], [117], [118], [165], [166], [173], [174], [175-177], [186];
fauna, [144-148], [165];
geography (physical), [166];
human fossils, [24], [181-185];
industry, [14], [16], [18], [41], [108], [113], [122-124], [169-173], [177-180], [270], [280], [362];
stations, [151], [158-162], [166-169];
see Origin
Æschylus, on the prehistory of man, [3], [505]
Aggsbach, [29], [435], [448]
Agriculture, [2], [486], [496]
Aiguille, needle, [271], [310], [313], [387], [388], [391], [392], [440], [443-445], [449], [461], [462]
Alactaga jaculus, [373], [374];
see Jerboa
Alces, [187], [287], [369];
latifrons, [70], see Moose
Alento, [167]
Alpera, [469], [497]
Alpine fauna, see Fauna
Alpine race, [278], [458], [479], [480], [481], [484], [485], [491], [499], [500]
Alpine vole, [371], see Arvicola nivalis
Altamira, [17], [319], [321], [331], [332], [346], [368], [385], [394], [395], [399], [408], [415], [416], [422-427], [434], [435], Pl. VIII
Ancestry of Man, see Man
Ancona, [167]
Andernach, [160], [195], [279], [372], [378], [435]
Anthropoid Apes, [3], [21];
ancestry, [49-61];
brain, [52-60];
compared with Grimaldi, [266],
with Neanderthal, [9], [217], [230-233], [237-240],
with Piltdown, [140], [141],
with Pithecanthropus, [9], [77-79];
known to Carthaginians, [511], [512];
recent discoveries, [511]
Anthropology, rise of, [3-10]
Antilope saiga, see Saiga antelope
Anvils, bone, [211], [253], [256], [271];
see Compresseur
Apes, see Anthropoid
Arboreal life, effects of, [56], [57]
Archæology, rise of, [10-18]
Archer, [329]
Arctomys marmotta, [182], [370];
see Marmot
Arcy-sur-Cure, [214], [219], [435]
Argali sheep, [46], [285], [287], [371];
see Ovis argaloides
Arrow, [214], [258], [270], [272], [344], [353], [354], [410], [450], [497]
Art, [13], [14], [17], [21], [315-330], [332], [347-350], [392-434], [449], see Aurignacian, Magdalenian, Solutrean, Engraving, Painting, Sculpture, Industry;
implements used in, [270], [309-312], [321], [329], [330], [385], [396], [415], [463];
means of dating, [317-320]
Arudy, [435], [436]
Arvicola, amphibius, [147];
gregalis, [373];
nivalis, [370], [371]
Ascoli Piceno, [167]
Ass, wild (kiang), see Horse
Aurensan, [435], [438], [471]
Aurignac, [5], [13], [14], [16], [275], [279], [290], [294], [314]
Aurignacian, [14-16], [18], [275], [276];
art, [315-330], [403], [404], [408];
burial customs, [302-305];
chronology, [33], [41], [351];
climate, [123], [281-286];
fauna, [285-289];
human fossils, [289-305];
industry, [16], [18], [41], [108], [269-271], [275-277], [280], [305-313], [329], [330], [362];
stations, [275], [283], [284], [289], [307], [313-315];
see Origin
Aurignacian race, see Combe-Capelle man
Aurochs, see Bos primigenius and Cattle
Australian head type, [136], [228], [232], [234]
Awl, see Poinçon
Axe, [493], [494]
Azilian, see Azilian-Tardenoisian
Azilian-Tardenoisian, [16], [275], [451], [456];
art, [456];
burial customs, [475-479];
chronology, [275], [456], [459];
climate, [463], [468];
fauna, [463], [466], [468-470], [471], [472], [474];
human fossils, [461], [475-485];
industry (Azilian), [15], [16], [18], [270], [271], [275], [276], [456], [459-465], [466], [470-475],
(Tardenoisian) [16], [18], [270], [271], [450], [456], [465-468], [470-472],
(painted pebbles) [394], [456], [461], [463-465];
stations, [459], [463], [466], [467], [472-475];
see Origin
B
Badegoule, [279], [331], [336], [435]
Badger, [165], [201], [343], [367], [447], [498];
see Meles taxus
Ballahöhle, [279], [331], [336]
Baltic race, [458], [486], [500];
see Maglemose
Balverhöhle, [471]
Baoussé Roussé, see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Baousso da Torre, see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Barma Grande, see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Bâton de commandement, [271], [311], [312], [345], [358], [359], [388], [391], [432], [443-445], [449]
Baumannshöhle, [160], [195], [245], [247], [248], [439]
Bear, [43], [44], [62], [95], [96], [165], [213], [245], [264], [287], [288], [333], [343], [348], [367], [378], [430], [441], [447], [461], [468], [498];
see Cave-bear and Ursus
Beaver, [63], [95], [134], [165], [182], [288], [348], [367], [447], [461], [468], [498], see Castor;
giant, III, [155], see Trogontherium
Bernifal, [321], [395], [396], [435]
Billancourt, [109], [149], [152]
Bison, Wisent, [13], [43], [44], [69], [71], [95], [98], [106], [125], [147], [165], [192], [194], [196], [202], [206], [211], [223], [287], [288], [317], [321], [333], [348], [353], [356], [364], [368], [372], [385], [403], [405], [406], [410], [414], [420], [421], [423-428], [430], [431], [449], [466], [469], [496], [498], [505], [506], Pls. VII and VIII;
see Bison
Bison, antiquus, [69];
priscus, [71], [95], [148], [368], see Bison
Blade, see Couteau and Lame
Bléville, [167]
Boar, wild, [2], [3], [43], [44], [76], [95], [264], [265], [421], [426], [447], [461], [466], [468], [498];
see Sus
Bockstein, [285], [314], [435], [442]
Bois Colombes, [109], [149], [152]
Borer, drill, see Perçoir
Bos, [71], [369], [405];
longifrons, [498];
primigenius, [71], [94], [222], [368], [413], [468], [469], [498];
taurus, [447], [498];
see Cattle
Bossuet, on the prehistory of man, [503], [504]
Brachycephaly, [7], [8], [78], [183], [457], [458], [478-485]
Brain, anthropoid, [51], [52], [56], [59];
Brünn, [334], [490];
Combe-Capelle, [236], [302], [490];
Crô-Magnon, [272], [292], [294], [299], [490];
evolution of, [8], [9], [56-60];
Grimaldi, [269], [490];
Modern, [56-59], [83], [84], [140], [235], [303], [490];
Neanderthal, [9], [58], [59], [235-237], [490];
Ofnet, [480], [490];
Piltdown, [58], [59], [139-141], [236], [490];
Pithecanthropus [9], [58], [59], [83], [84], [490]
Brassempouy, [14], [279], [314], [322], [331], [347], [355], [393], [395], [433-435], [438]
Brive, [307], [314]
Bronze Age, [12], [18], [21], [202], [267], [460], [461], [476]
Bruniquel, [279], [348], [388], [427], [435], [436]
Brünn, [279], [315], [322], [331], [334-337], [395], Pl. II;
race, [23], [257], [276], [278], [302], [331], [333], [334-338], [480], [489-491], [500];
see Brüx, Galley Hill, Předmost, Human fossils, and Origin
Brüx, [334];
see Brünn race
Buchenloch, [245], [314], [435]
Buffon, G. L. L., [3]
Bühl, see Postglacial Stage
Burial customs, [24], [215], [221-223], [270], [271], [302], [303-305], [337], [376-380], [475-479]
Burin, graver, [270], [306-308], [310], [386],

[389], [470]
C
Cabeço da Arruda, [467], [471], [474]
Camargo, [279], [294], [314], [331], [435]
Campignian, [493-495]
Campigny, [471];
see Campignian
Camps, open, [29], [30], [176], [283], [284], [314], [334], [337], [341-343], [442], [448]
Canary Islands, [453], [454], [506-510]
Canis, lagopus, [193], [206], see Fox, arctic;
neschersensis, [333];
suessi, [147];
see Dog, Jackal, and Wolf
Cannibalism, [184], [477]
Cannstatt, [10], [105], [218], [220], [331]
Cap-Blanc, [317], [395], [428], [431], [435]
Capreolus, [70], [147], [367], [469];
see Deer, roe-
Capri, [167], [168]
Caramanico, [167]
Castillo, [33], [150], [162-165], [167], [245], [246], [279], [314], [319], [320], [324], [325], [331], [342], [349], [395], [402], [408], [435], [436], [459], [460], [471]
Castor, [69];
fiber, [147], [183], [470];
see Beaver
Cattle, wild (Aurochs, Urochs, urus), [43], [44], [62], [66], [76], [95], [98], [106], [119], [125], [148], [165], [182], [192], [206], [211], [214], [245], [265], [284], [288], [325], [333], [348], [356], [368], [372], [392], [405], [413], [461], [466], [468], [469], [497], [498], [505], [506];
see Bos and Leptobos

Cave-bear, [10], [11], [13], [182], [194], [197], [201], [202], [206], [210], [211], [212], [213], [218], [287], [401], [413];
see Ursus spelæus
Cave-hyæna, [11], [212], [218], [265], [287], [288];
see Hyæna crocuta spelæa
Cave-leopard, [206], [287];
see Felis pardus spelæa
Cave-lion, [201], [206], [265], [287];
see Felis leo spelæa
Caverns, [24];
formation of, [30-33], [212];
life in, [2], [30], [32], [211-213], [457]
Cavillon, Grotte de, see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Cazelle, [435]
Cephalic index, [8], [480], [490]
Ceppagna, [167]
Cergy, [109], [149], [152]
Cervus, carnutorum, [71];
dama, [498];
dicranius, [71];
elaphus, [70], [94], [147], [367], [392], [426], [461], [469];
maral, [367], [447];
sedgwicki, [69], [71];
see Deer and Stag
Chaffaud, Grotte du, [396], [404], [435], [438]
Chaleux, Trou de, [435]
Chamois, Rupicapra, [44], [46], [201], [264], [265], [357], [365], [366], [369], [371], [466]
Champs, [435], [436]
Champs Blancs, [331], [348], [435]
Chancelade, [279], [376-378], [382], [435]
Chapelle-aux-Saints, La, [7], [9], [203], [214], [222-224], [226-232], [235-238], [241-243], [245], [246]
Châtelperron, [305], [307], [314];
see Pointe
Chellean, [14-16], [18];
chronology, [33], [34], [113-115], [120];
climate, [117], [118];
fauna, [144-148];
geography (physical), [115], [116], [154-157];
industry, [12], [14], [16], [18], [41], [108], [114], [148-154], [270], [280], [362];
stations, [149], [152], [154-158];
see Origin
Chelles, [16], [109], [111], [116], [149], [152], [154], [167], [244]
Chimpanzee, [3], [8], [49], [52-56], [58], [59], [78], [140], [227], [231], [235], [490], [511], [512]
Chipping, see Flint
Chisel, see Ciseau
Chronology, [10], [12-14], [16], [18-24], [41], [510];
tables, [18], [21], [22], [23], [33], [41], [43], [54], [108], [280], [362], [395], [491];
means of estimating, [19], [20], [22-24], [317-320]
Ciseau, chisel, [270], [271], [388], [392], [444]
Climate, effect on fauna, [46], [47], [192], [194], [205], [284-287];
effect on man, [33], [297], [332], [372], [382];
glacial, [20], [29], [34], [37-43], [64-66], [89], [104], [105], [114], [117], [188-194], [202], [205], [281], [285];
interglacial, [20], [29], [30], [33], [34], [37-41], [43], [67], [90], [91], [95], [103], [112], [117], [118], [186-188];
Pliocene, [63];
Postglacial, [23], [41], [43], [276], [281-284], [361-363]
Clothing, [2], [178], [186], [213], [388], [392], [496]
Cogul, [394], [497]
Colombes, [109], [149], [152]
Combarelles, [319], [395-397], [399-401], [435]
Combe-à-Roland, [331]
Combe-Capelle, [167], [192], [196], [197], [199], [211], [245], [248], [249], [252], [253], [255], [279], [314];
man (Homo aurignacensis), [302], [303], [338]
Combo-Negro, [435], [436]
Compresseur, [271];
see Anvils
Continental outline, [19], [34-37], [64], [65], [71], [86], [92], [105], [115], [116], [155], [156], [166], [189], [190], [281], [282], [288], [362]
Cotte de St. Brelade, La, [214], [225], [245]
Cottés, Les, [213], [314]
Coup de poing, [113], [114], [121], [129], [130], [152-154], [169-173], [177-180], [222], [251-254], [256], [270]
Couteau (knife, blade), [130], [172], [177], [180], [270], [306], [308], [310], [386], [389], [488], [494]
Crayford, [198], [245]
Créteil, [109], [149], [152]
Cricetus phæus, [373], [374];
see Hamster
Crô-Magnon, [279], [291], [314], [331], [437], Pl. II;
man, [7], [273], [279], [291-294], [300], [301];
race, [7], [23], [54], [240], [257], [258], [260], [261], [263], [265-276], [278], [280-282], [284], [289-305], [336], [351], [358], [376-382], [434], [440], [443], [449-454], [457-459], [489-492], 499, [500], [506-510], Pl. VII
Cromer, Forest Bed of, [64], [67], [68], [71]
Crosle Biscot, [435]
Crouzade, [331], [341], [435], [437]
Culture, see Industry
Cyon alpinus fossilis, [201]
D
Dart-thrower, see Propulseur
Daun, see Postglacial Stage
Deer, [44], [125], [134], [245], [265], [356], [426], see Cervus;
Axis, [62], [71], [76], [102];
fallow, [265], [469], [497], see Cervus dama;
giant, [43], [94], [96], [165], [187], [206], [211], [213], [288], [335], see Megaceros;
polycladine, [63], [102], see Cervus dicranius and sedgwicki;
red, [44], [287], [426], [447], see Cervus elaphus and Stag;
roe-, [44], [94], [95], [165], [264], [265], [287], [404], [447], [466], [468], [488], [498], see Capreolus;
rusa, [76]
Dicerorhinus (R.), antiquitatis, [46], [106], [285], see Rhinoceros, woolly;
etruscus, [41], [63], [69], see Rhinoceros, Etruscan;
merckii, [41], [92-94], [117], [148], [263], see Rhinoceros, Merck's
Dog, domestic, [474], [486], [488], [497], [499]

Dolichocephaly, [7], [8], [78], [220], [230], [231], [266], [268], [334], [336], [338], [457], [478-481]
Domestic Animals, [447], [466], [474], [486], [488], [497-499]
Drill, see Perçoir
Dryopithecus, [6], [49], [50], [511]
Dürnten, [20], [117], [119]
Dürntenian, [107], [119]
Duruthy, see Sorde
E
Ehringsdorf, [167], [181], [214]
Elasmothere, E. sibiricum, [46], [286], [373]
Elephant, [38], [43], [44], [47], [72], [76], [86], [91-95], [102], [117], [119], [123], [124], [147], [148], [155], [157], [161], [174], [177], [186], [187], [192], [205], [245], [264];
see Elephas
Elephas, antiquus, [27],

[41], [47], [72], [76], [92-94], [96], [117], [123], [125], [148], [165], [263];
hysudricus, [76];
meridionalis, [26], [27], [41], [62], [69], [72], [92], [125];
planifrons, [62];
primigenius, [26], [46], [106], [285];
trogontherii, [41], [93], [102], [117];
see Elephant and Mammoth
Elevation, see Continental outline
Enfants, Grotte des, see Grimaldi, Grottes de, and Grimaldi race
Engis, [435], [453]
Engraving, [317], [319-324], [326], [348], [349], [353], [355], [356], [358], [392-407]
Eoanthropus dawsoni, [138], see Piltdown
Eolith, [11], [68], [84-86], [135]
Eolithic, Era, [17], [18];
industry, [17]
Equus, caballus celticus, [367-369], [400], [408], [412], [419], [431], [432], [498];
przewalski, [194], [367], [373], [408], [410], [419];
stenonis, [27], [62], [63], [69], [72];
see Horse
Erect attitude, [4], [57-60], [73], [74], [82], [241-244]
Ermine, Mustela erminia, [46], [207], [370], [447], [469]
Etruscan rhinoceros, see Rhinoceros
Eyzies, Les, [13], [249], [279], [331], [378], [388], [394], [435]
F
Fate, Grotte delle, [245], [247]
Fauna, [19-21], [38-47], [61-64], [66], [69], [108];
Acheulean, [117], [147], [148], [165], [177], [182];
African-Asiatic, [43], [44], [47], [62], [63], [71], [72], [86], [91-94], [205], [206], [287];
alpine, [44], [46], [206], [287];
Aurignacian, [284-289];
Azilian-Tardenoisian, [466], [468-470], [472];
Chellean, [117], [125], [144-148];
forest, [44], [71], [206], [287];
glacial, [105], [106], [117], [190-194], [196], [197], [205-214], [265];
interglacial, [69-72], [91-98], [101-103], [108-112], [117], [119], [123-125], [186-188], [265];
Magdalenian, [364-376], [385], [397-434], [449], [466], [469];
meadow, [44], [71], [206], [287];
Mousterian, [117], [186-188], [190-194], [196], [197], [199-214], [218], [221-223], [225], [263], [264];
Pliocene, [54], [61-64], [144];
Postglacial, [281], [364], [468], [469], [498], [499];
Pre-Chellean, [108-112], [117], [125];
Siwalik, [76];
Solutrean, [332], [333], [343], [348];
steppe, [44], [46], [194], [206], [281], [287], [362-366], [373-376], [449], [450];
tundra, [44], [46], [190-194], [206-211], [281], [285], [287], [348], [361], [362-366], [370-373];
migrations of, [19], [34-37], [62-64], [71], [72], [202], [205-210], [287];
represented in Palæolithic art (list), [366];
see Climate, for effect of, and Faunal lists
Faunal lists, [95], [125], [147], [206], [207], [287], [366]
Faune chaude, [39], [91], [192];
see Mousterian fauna
Faune froide, see Mousterian fauna
Faustkeil, see Coup de poing
Fées, Grotte des, [279], [435]
Felis, leo, [72], [92], [469];
leo antiqua, [147];
leo spelæa, [47], [188];
manul, [447];
pardus spelæa, [201];
see Cave-leopard, Cave-lion, Leopard, Lion, and Wildcat
Femur (thigh-bone), [73], [74], [77], [80], [237-241], [266], [298], [376], [380]
Fère-en-Tardenois, [16], [465], [471]
Ferrassie, La, [7], [214], [216], [219], [224], [232], [237], [245], [246], [269]
Fire, use of, [2], [165], [212], [213]
First Glacial Stage, see Glacial Epoch
First Interglacial Stage, see Glacial Epoch
Fishing, [355], [385], [390], [450], [465], [471]
Flake, see Levallois
Flaking, see Flint
Flint, chipping, [170];
cleavage, [171];
flaking, [169]
Floors, Mousterian, [198], [199]
Flora, [20];
Acheulean, [117], [118], [174], [175];
Chellean, [117], [118];
glacial, [65], [108], [117-119], [191], [192], [202], [208];
interglacial, [20], [67], [90], [91], [117-119];
Mousterian, [199];
Pliocene, [61], [63];
Postglacial, [361], [372], [375], [463], [488];
Pre-Chellean, [117], [118];
Pre-Neolithic, [488]
Font-de-Gaume, [283], [314], [318], [319], [321], [325], [331], [349], [356], [358], [365], [372], [395-397], [399], [406-409], [412], [414-424], [435], [449]
Font Robert, [277], [311], [314], [331], [340], [344]
Forestian, Upper, [362];
Lower, [282]
Forests, see Flora

Foro, [167]
Fourth Glacial Stage, see Glacial Epoch
Fox, [43], [63], [71], [206], [265], [287], [333], [343], [348], [366], [447], [498], see Vulpes;
arctic, [44], [46], [193], [207], [287], [289], [348], [370], [447], [468], [469], see Canis lagopus.
Freudenthal, [279], [435]
Frileuse, [167]
Frontal, Trou de, [435]
Fuente del Frances, [435]
Furfooz, [7], [279], [481-483], Pl. II;
race, [278], [458], [480], [482-485], [489], [491], [492], [500];
see Grenelle, Ofnet, and Origin
Furninha, [167], [168]
G
Galley Hill, [28], [302], [337], [338];
see Brünn race
Gansersfelsen, [435]
Garenne, [435], [440]
Gargano, [167]
Gargas, [31], [307], [314], [317], [325], [327], [349], [394], [395]
Germolles, [307], [314]
Gibbon, [49-54], [58], [61], [63], [77], [511];
see Hylobates
Gibraltar skull, [7], [9], [140], [214], [215], [216], [219], [226], [228], [232], [233], [236]
Glacial Epoch, [18-23], [33], [40], [41], [43], [54];
chronology, [18-23], [40], [41], [108], [188], [280], [362];
see Climate, Continental outline, Fauna, Glaciers;
First Glacial Stage (Günz), [23], [25], [26], [37], [38], [41], [43], [64-66];
Second Glacial Stage (Mindel), [23], [25], [26], [33], [37], [38], [41], [43], [65], [86-90];
Third Glacial Stage (Riss), [23], [25], [26], [33], [37-39], [41], [43], [94], [104-106], [115];
Fourth Glacial Stage (Würm), [18], [22], [23], [25], [26], [30], [32], [33], [36-38], [41], [43], [107], [108], [117], [160], [188-195], [205], [206], [280], [281], [284], [285], [362],
Laufenschwankung, [41], [108], [280], [362];
First Interglacial Stage (Günz-Mindel or Norfolkian), [23], [26], [29], [33-35], [38], [41], [43], [66-72], [84], [95], [115];
Second Interglacial Stage (Mindel-Riss), [23], [25], [29], [33], [38], [40], [41], [43], [69], [90-95], [109-111], [114], [115];
Third Interglacial Stage (Riss-Würm), [23], [25], [29], [33], [34], [36], [38-41], [43], [69], [94], [107], [108], [112], [113], [115-119], [186-188], [280], [362];
Postglacial Stage, [18-23], [29], [32], [33], [36], [41], [43], [108], [280-284], [362], [468], [510],
Bühl, [23], [25], [26], [41], [108], [276], [280], [281], [361], [362], [370], [372], [446], [447], [449],
Gschnitz, [23], [41], [108], [276], [280], [281], [362], [363], [372], [449], [450],
Daun, [23], [41], [108], [276], [280], [281], [362], [363],
Achenschwankung, [25], [26], [281], [282], [284]
Glaciers, [64-66], [89], [90], [94], [104-106], [118], [189], [190], [361-363]
Glutton, see Gulo luscus and Wolverene
Gobelsburg, [435], [448]
Goccianello, [167], [168]
Gorge d'Enfer, [331], [435]
Gorilla, [49], [52], [54-56], [511], [512]
Goulaine, [435], [438]
Gourdan, [214], [279], [331], [341], [369], [388], [392], [435], [438]
Goyet, [435]
Grattoir, [129], [130], [177], [254], [270], [306-310], [386], [390], [470], [473], [494];
caréné, [308], [309], [463]
Graver, see Burin
Gravette, etching tool, [270]
Gravette, La, [277], [311], [314]
Gray's Thurrock, [28], [109], [116], [128], [149], [152], [156], [157]
Greek conception of nature and of the prehistory of man, [1-3]
Grenelle, [279], [481], [482], [484];
race, see Furfooz
Grèze, La,

[314], [317], [327], [331], [395], [396]
Grimaldi, Grottes de (Baoussé Roussé), [245], [247], [262-265], [279], [294], [295], [312-314], [321], [323], [380];
Baousso da Torre, [263], [294];
Barma Grande, [263], [294];
Cavillon, Grotte de, [263], [294];
Enfants, Grotte des, [263-265], [292], [294-297], see Grimaldi race;
Prince, Grotte du, [262], [263]
Grimaldi race, [7], [19], [245], [260], [262-269], [278], [279], [294], [301], [314], [490-492]
Gschnitz, see Postglacial Stage
Guanches, [453-455], [507-510]
Gudenushöhle, [245], [248], [279], [307], [314], [435], [448]
Gulo luscus, [469];
borealis, [193];
see Wolverene
Günz, see Glacial Epoch
H
Hachette (tranchette, chopper, cleaver), [270], [488], [494]
Hammer-stone, see Percuteur
Hamster, [46], [63], [147], [165], [287], [362], [364], [374]
Hand-axe, see Coup de poing
Hand-stone, see Coup de poing
Hare, [289], [333], [368], [447], [468], [498], see Lepus (timidus);
arctic, [46], [207], [287], [348], [370], [447], [468], [469], see Lepus variabilis;
tailless, see Lagomys and Pika

Harpoons, [355], [383-385], [387], [388], [390], [391], [440], [443-445], [449], [450], [456], [460-462], [465], [466], [470], [474], [486], [487]
Hastings, [471], [475]
Heidelberg man, Mauer, [7], [23], [24], [40], [41], [53], [54], [90], [95-101], [114], [138], [143], [144], [214], [228], [229], [489], [491], [492], Pl. II
Heidelberg race, see Heidelberg man and Origin
Helin, [109], [116], [127], [128], [149], [152], [166], [167]
Helvetian, see Dürntenian
Hermida, La, [435]
Hippopotamus, H. major, [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [47], [69], [71], [86], [91], [92-94], [102], [117], [123-125], [134], [147], [148], [155], [157], [165], [174], [177], [186], [192], [199], [263], [264]
Höhlefels bei Hütten, [435], [442]
Höhlefels bei Schelklingen, [435], [442]
Hohlestein, [314], [435]
Hommes, Grotte des, [279], [435]
Homo, aurignacensis, see Combe-Capelle man;
heidelbergensis, see Heidelberg man;
mousteriensis, see Neanderthal race;
neanderthalensis, see Neanderthal race;
sapiens, [7], [9], [10], [54], [230-234], [257], [260], [261], [278], [334], [484], [490], [491], [500]
Horace, on the prehistory of man, [3], [504]
Hornos de la Peña, [245-247], [314], [331], [395], [435], [436]
Horse, [45], [165], [182], [192], [225], [284], [355], [385], [392], [404], [405], [407], [408], [410], [412-414], [431], [432], [469], [498];
Desert, Plateau or Celtic, see Equus caballus celticus;
Forest or Nordic, [95], [147], [288], [289], [367], [369], [400], [498];
Hipparion, [63];
kiang or wild ass, [194], [285-287], [366], [367], [372-374], [400], [447];
Solutré, [288], [289], [414];
Steno's, [34], [96], [110], [111], [125], see Equus stenonis;
Steppe, see Equus przewalski
Hôteaux, Les, [279], [378], [379], [435]
Hoxne, [158]
Human figures, [317], [321-323], [328], [329], [337], [357], [393], [395], [399], [433], [434], [497]
Human fossils, [4], [11];
distribution of, [214], [279];
tables of, [7], [219], [294], [336], [378], [490];
see Lists
Human races, see Lists and Origin
Hunting, [2], [11], [166], [202], [211-214], [283], [372], [456], [471], [496], [497]
Hyæna, [43], [62], [76], [110], [147], [148], [155], [165], [188], [214], [245], [265], [317], [356], [476];
see Cave-hyæna and Hyæna
Hyæna, brevirostris, [125];
crocuta, [102], [147];
crocuta spelæa, [47], [102], [188];
striata, [92], [102];
see Hyæna
Hylobates, [6];
see Gibbon
I
Ibex, Ibex priscus, [44], [46], [201], [206], [264], [265], [287], [289], [321], [348], [357], [369], [371], [391], [401], [405], [433], [447], [466], [469], [497]
Ice Age, see Glacial Epoch
Ice-fields, [19], [22];
see Glaciers
Implements, [11], [27-30], [130], [270], [271];
art, [270], [329], [330];
see Eolith, Flint, Industry, Lists, Neolith, Palæolith
Industry, [4], [11], [12-14], [19], [33], see Acheulean, Aurignacian, Azilian-Tardenoisian, Chellean, Campignian, Magdalenian, Mousterian, Neolithic, Pre-Chellean, Solutrean;
see Lists and Implements
Interglacial Stages, see Glacial Epoch
Iron Age, [12], [18], [21], [202], [267]
Irpfelhöhle, [245], [248]
Istein, [469], [471-473]
Isturitz, [347], [395]
J
Jackal, [43], [44];
see Canis neschersensis
Javelin point, see Sagaie
Jerboa, [46], [194], [287], [364];
see Alactaga jaculus
K
Kärlich, [314]
Kartstein, [245], [248], [314], [435]
Kastlhäng, [370], [435], [442]
Kent's Hole, [10], [152], [244], [245], [435], [440]
Kesslerloch, [279], [286], [355], [361], [364], [378], [383], [435], [436], [441], [442], [444-446], [449]
Kiang, wild ass, see Horse
Kleinkems, [471]
Knife, blade, see Couteau and Lame
Knight, Charles R., see Restorations
Kostelìk, [435], [448]
Krapina, [7], [162], [167], [181-185], [214], [219], [220], [228], [229], [256]
Krems, [119], [248], [289], [307], [314], [435], [448]
L
Lacave, [279], [331], [340], [345], [347], [391]
Lagomys, [63];
pusillus, [202], [370], see Pika
Lagopus, see Ptarmigan
Lamarck, on man, [4]
Lame, blade, [271]
Lampe, lamp, [270], [401], [402]
Laufenschwankung, see Glacial Epoch
Laugerie Basse, [13], [14], [275], [279], [331], [348], [376-378], [385], [388], [392], [407], [434], [435], [471]
Laugerie Haute, [13], [14], [279], [294], [296], [314], [331], [346], [352], [435]
Laussel, [245], [246], [249], [275], [313], [314], [317], [326-329], [331], [352], [395], [435]

Lauterach, [314]
Lemming, [46], [191], [193], [194], [202], [207], [281], [287], [333], [348], [361], [364], [370], [469], [476];
see Myodes
Leopard, [265], [348];
see Cave-leopard and Felis pardus spelæa
Leptobos, [71];
elatus, [62];
etruscus, [63];
see Cattle
Lepus, [469];
cuniculus, [364], see Rabbit;
timidus, [364], see Hare;
variabilis, [206], see Hare, arctic
Levallois, [167], [179]
Levallois flake, [167], [168], [179], [180], [199], [250], [251]
Limeuil, [279], [435]
Lion, [43], [86], [94-96], [98], [148], [165], [188], [281], [317], [348], [356], [365], [378], [400], [407], [446], [468], [472], [498];
see Cave-lion and Felis leo
Lissoir, polisher, smoother, [270], [271], [380], [388], [392], [456], [463], [466], [470]
Lists and Tables, chronology, [18], [21], [22], [23], [33], [41], [54], [108], [280], [362];
climatic changes, [38], [39], [41], [43], [117], [191], [192], [275], [281], [284], [361-364];
fauna, [21], [41], [43], [54], [62], [95], [125], [147], [206], [207], [287];
human fossils, [7], [9], [219], [236], [237], [239], [266], [294], [295], [336], [378], [490];
human races, [41], [54], [108], [278], [280], [362], [458], [490], [491], [499], [500];
industries, divisions of, [18], [113], [114], [248], [249], [252], [340], [389];
succession of, [12], [13], [14], [16], [17], [18], [33], [41], [108], [280], [362];
implements, [130], [172], [254], [270], [271], [306], [308], [310]

Liveyre, [331], [435]
Loam, [5], [24], [27], [28]
Loess, [5], [23-25], [29], [30], [36], [38], [46], [97], [103], [112], [115], [117-119], [122-124], [151], [159], [161], [162], [174], [176], [181], [252], [281], [282], [284], [286], [314], [334], [337], [364], [376], [442], [448];
stations, see Camps, open
Longueroche, [435], [471]
Lorthet, [406], [407], [435], [438], [471]
Lourdes, [279], [388], [432], [435], [436], [438], [471]
Lower Rodent Layer, see Rodent Layers
Lucretius on the prehistory of man, [1], [2], [503]
Lussac, [279], [435]
Lutra vulgaris, [147];
see Otter
Lynchus lynx, [469];
see Lynx
Lynx, [43], [63], [206], [287], [367], [466];
see Lynchus lynx
M
Macaque, [54], [61], [63], [69], [76]
Macerata, [167]
Machærodus, [41], [69], [244];
see Sabre-tooth tiger
Madeleine, La, [13], [16], [279], [351], [383-389], [398], [435], [443], [445], [449], [471]
Magdalenian, [14-16], [18], [276], [277], [351-360];
art, [351-357], [365], [366], [393], [395-434];
burial customs, [376-380];
chronology, [18], [33], [41], [108], [276], [280], [281], [351], [361-364];
climate, [276], [360-364], [370-376], [443], [447], [449], [450];
fauna, [361-376], [443], [445-447], [449], [450];
human fossils, [376-382];
industry, [14-16], [270], [271], [275], [276], [351-356], [358], [382-392], [436], [440], [443-450];
stations, [351], [434-449];
see Origin and Rodent Layers
Maglemose, [458], [471], [487], [488], [501]
Magrite, Trou, [314], [331], [344], [435]
Mairie, Grotte de la, [317], [395], [400], [405], [412], [413], [435], [442]
Malarnaud, [214], [219]
Mammoth, [10], [43], [102], [109], [117], [134], [147], [148], [177], [187], [194], [200], [202], [205], [206], [213], [218], [281], [288], [289], [316], [317], [321], [324-326], [333], [337], [348-350], [356], [364], [372], [385], [401], [403], [420], [421], [427], [429], [449], [450], [476], see Elephas;
woolly, [13], [40], [41], [43], [106], [117], [174], [187], [190-192], [196], [205], [207], [208], [210], [218], [221], [285-289], [334], [335], [363], [370], [372], [384], [397], [398], [420], [427], [446], see Elephas primigenius
Man, ancestry of, [3-7], [49-64], [491], [511]
Mantes-la-Ville, [167]
Marcilly-sur-Eure, [214]
Mare-au-Clercs, La, [167]
Marignac, [109], [126], [149], [152]
Markkleeberg, [167]
Marmot, Arctomys marmotta, [182], [201], [206], [265], [370]
Marsoulas, [314], [319], [321], [328], [373], [394], [395], [396], [399], [403], [405], [415], [416], [435], [471], [485]
Marten, [71], [165], [201], [265], [367], [380], [447], [498];
see Mustela martes
Martinshöhle, [435], [471]
Mas d'Azil, [15], [16], [279], [319], [357], [375], [380], [385], [388], [391-396], [432], [433], [435], [437], [449], [458-465], [471], [472], [474]
Massat, [437], [471]
Mastodon, [62], [70], [134]
Maszycka, [435], [436], [449]
Mauer, see Heidelberg man
McGregor, J. Howard, see Restorations
Mediterranean race, [261], [278], [457], [458], [479], [480], [485], [489], [491], [492], [499], [500]
Megaceros, [45], [68], [70], [106], [147], [182], [196], [287], [367];
see Deer, giant
Meles taxus, [147];
see Badger
Mentone, [247], [322], [395], [472], [473];
see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Merck's Rhinoceros, see Dicerorhinus and Rhinoceros
Mesaticephaly, [8], [479]
Metternich, [284], [314]
Micoque, La, [113], [167], [168], [179], [192], [196], [245], [246], [248], [249]
Microlith, see Microlithique
Microlithique, microlith, [270], [306], [308], [310], [388], [396], [450], [470-472]
Migration, of fauna, see Fauna;
of human races and industries, see Origin
Mindel, see Glacial Epoch
Miskolcz, [245], [248], [331]
Mommenheim, [245], [247], [248]
Monkeys, [54], [61-63]
Montconfort, [279], [331], [435]
Montfort, [341], [471]
Monthaud, [331], [346]
Montières, [109], [127], [149], [152], [186], [244], [245], [283], [314], [331]
Moose, [44], [94], [96], [265], [281], [348], [366], [468], [469], [472], [488], [496-498];
see Alces
Moulin-de-Laussel, [331]
Mousterian, [14-16], [18], [30], [186-188], [248-250];
burial customs, [222], [223], [271];
chronology, [18], [33], [41], [108], [280], [362];
climate, [117], [123], [188-199], [202], [205], [207];
fauna, [117], [190-194], [196], [199-214];
flora, [199];
human fossils, [218-226];
industry, [14-16], [113], [248-256], [270], [271];
stations, [194-202], [244-248];
see Caverns, life in, Floors, and Origin
Moustier, Le, [13], [16], [196-199], [214], [245], [246], [251], [253], [255];
man, [7], [196], [214], [221-223], [226], [228], frontispiece
Mouthe, La, [17], [246], [279], [314], [317], [320], [321], [394], [395], [398], [399], [401]
Mugem, [471], [474], [486]
Munzingen, [160], [195], [435], [439], [442], [443]
Murals, see Painting
Musk-ox, [42-44], [46], [65], [66], [187], [191], [193], [207], [285], [287], [289], [348], [362], [366], [370];
see Ovibos moschatus
Mustela, erminea, see Ermine;
martes, [147], [469], see Marten.
Myodes, lemmus, [210];
obensis, [206], [285], [370];
torquatus, [193], [202], [206], [285], [370], [441], [446], [447];
see Lemming
N
Narbonne, [435], [437]
Naulette, La, [7], [214], [221], [228]
Neanderthal, cave, [31], [214], [216], [217], Pl. II;
burial customs, see Mousterian;
man, [5], [7], [9], [56], [181], [216-219], [490];
race, frontispiece, [5-7], [9], [23], [40], [41], [54], [136], [182], [191], [196], [211-244], [256], [258], [263], [272], [491], [492],
anatomical features, [53-56], [183], [184], [203], [219-223], [226-244], [490],
chronology, [41], [108], [257], [262], [280], [491],
compared with Crô-Magnon, [297], [298],
discoveries, [181-185], [215-226],
distribution of, [214], [219];
see Origin
Necklace, [302], [304], [376], [378], [437], [472]
Needle, see Aiguille
Negroid race, [261], [262], [266-269], [278], [301], [302], [321], [492]
Neolith, [11], [496]
Neolithic, New Stone Age, [10], [13], [18], [19], [21], [41], [108], [280], [362], [447], [482], [484-486], [488], [493-501]
Neopithecus, [49]
Neschers, [245], [435], [438]
Niaux, [314], [319], [353], [373], [391], [394], [395], [400], [406], [409-411], [412], [429], [435]
Niedernau, [370], [435]
Norfolkian, see First Interglacial Stage and Forest Bed of Cromer
Nutons, Trou des, [435]
O
Oban, [474], [475], [486]
Obercassel, man, [7], [279], [353], [378], [380-382], [435], [443]
Oberlarg, [435]
Ochos, [214], [219], [221], [228], [245], [248]
Ofnet, [279],

[285], [314], [331], [370], [435], [469], [471], [473], [475-481];
races, [442], [457-460], [480], [481], [490], [491], [500];
see Furfooz race and Origin
Ojcow, [331], [436], [449]
Ondratitz, [331]
Orang, [3], [49], [52-54], [56], [77], [511]
Origin, of industries, Acheulean, [261], [492],
Aurignacian, [261], [289], [305-307], [322], [492],
Azilian-Tardenoisian, [457], [470-472], [492],
Chellean, [126], [261], [492],
Magdalenian, [351-353], [383],
Mousterian, [261],
Pre-Chellean, [126],
Solutrean, [330], [331], [340], [353], [492];
of human races,
Alpine, [458], [484], [485],
Brünn, [331], [492],
Crô-Magnon, [261], [322], [492],
Furfooz, [492],
Grimaldi, [262],
Heidelberg, [492],
Mediterranean, [492],
Neanderthal, [492],
Ofnet, [457], [484], [485],
Piltdown, [492],
Teutonic, [486]
Otter, [63], [71], [76], [165], [201], [287], [468], [498];
see Lutra vulgaris
Ovibos, [376];
moschatus, [193], [445], [447], see Musk-ox
Ovis argaloides, [369];
see Argali sheep
P
Painted Pebbles, see Azilian-Tardenoisian industry
Painting, [305], [316-318], [320], [321], [324], [325], [327], [328], [330], [358], [365], [394-396], [404-406], [408-429], [464], [465], [474], [496], [497]
Pair-non-Pair, [279], [307], [314], [317], [320-322], [331], [336], [394-396]
Palæolith, [11], [24], [84], [85], [109], [111], [158], [389]
Palæolithic, Old Stone Age, [13], [16], [18], [19], [21], [28], [33], [41], [108], [160], [280], [362];
Lower Palæolithic, [14], [41], [108], [113], [114], [214], [280], [362], [490], [491];
Upper Palæolithic, [14], [41], [108], [214], [275], [276], [278], [280], [362], [395], [396], [490], [491], [500];
chronology, [18], [41], [108], [280], [362], [456]
Palæopithecus, [49], [511]
Parietal Art, see Painting
Pasiega, La, [319], [395], [402-405]
Pataud, [245], [246], [331]
Paviland, [279], [289], [290], [294], [314], [440]
Pech de l'Azé, [214], [219], [245]
Perçoir, drill, borer, [130], [135], [153], [172], [179], [253], [254], [270], [306], [308], [310], [311], [344], [346], [385], [386], [388], [390], [392], [470], [473], [488]
Percuteur, hammer-stone, [130], [254], [270], [306]
Pescara, [167]
Petit Puymoyen, [214], [245], [246]
Pic, pick, [494]
Pierre de jet, throwing stone, [130], [172], [213], [254], [270], [306]
Pika, [46], [362], [447];
see Lagomys (pusillus)
Piltdown, [109], [116], [128], [130-135], [149], [152], [214], Pl. II;
industry, [127], [128], [133-135];
man (Eoanthropus), [7], [23], [24], [40], [50], [53], [54], [56], [130-145], [214], [489-491];
race, see Piltdown man and Origin
Pindal, [314-316], [325], [349], [394], [395]
Pithecanthropus, Trinil race, [7], [23], [24], [40], [53], [54], [86], [491], [511], Pl. II;
anatomical features, [9], [10], [53], [56], [74], [77-84], [233], [234], [240], [490];
discovery, [73-77]
Placard, [279], [331], [333], [334], [340], [345-348], [352], [353], [355], [378-380], [383], [385], [389], [435], [436], [438]
Planing tool, see Grattoir
Pleistocene, see Glacial Epoch
Pliohylobates, [49], [54]
Pliopithecus, [49], [54]
Poignard, dagger, poniard, [271], [392], [432]
Poinçon, awl, [271], [308], [346], [392], [470]
Pointe, point, knife, lance head, spear head, [15], [113], [153], [172], [177], [179], [248-255], [270], [306], [308], [310], [311], [473];
Châtelperron, [306], [307], [311];
pointe à cran, shouldered, [270], [308], [310], [313], [334], [340], [342], [345], [346], [352];
pointe à face plane, [341];
pointe de lance, [271], [306];
pointe de laurier, laurel leaf, [15], [270], [310-312], [334], [337], [339-341], [344], [345], [347], [348], [352];
pointe de sagaie, javelin point, [271], [308], [340], [346], [354], [355], [361], [364], [370], [383], [387], [390], [442], [449], [462], [494];
pointe de saute, willow leaf, [340], [344], [347];
pointe à soie, [270], [310], [311], [313], [340], [345]
Polisher, see Lissoir
Portel, Le, [319], [394], [411], [412]
Postglacial Stage, see Glacial Epoch
Pottery, [461], [466], [474], [486], [488], [496]
Praule, Trou de, [435]
Pre-Chellean, [16], [18], [36], [41];
chronology, [18], [33], [40], [41], [90], [107-115], [280], [362];
climate, [108], [112], [114], [117], [118], [123];
fauna, [108-112], [117], [124], [125];
industry, [40], [114], [120-130], [270];
stations, [109], [116], [122-128], [149], [150-152], [158], see Continental outline and Origin
Předmost, [257], [279], [331], [341], [345], [348], [349], [366], [395], [427];
see Brünn race;
mammoth hunters, [279], [337]
Primates, [3-10], [40], [49-64], [73-84], [86], [140], [141], [217], [219], [227], [231], [233-235], [237-240], [490], [491]
Prince, Grotte du, see Grimaldi, Grottes de
Propliopithecus, [49], [54]
Propstfels, [372], [435], [442], [469]
Propulseur, spear thrower, dart thrower, [271], [355], [391], [432], [433], [436], [445], [449]
Ptarmigan, Lagopus, [44], [206], [207], [287], [289], [370], [371], [375], [469]
Q
Quartz, [166]
Quartzite, [163], [164], [265]
Quina, La, [9], [113], [211], [213], [214], [245], [246], [248], [253-256];
man, [7], [9], [214], [216], [217], [219], [221], [225], [236], [237], [248]
R
Rabbit, [265], [343], [368], [468];
see Lepus cuniculus
Racloir, scraper, [113], [114], [130], [135], [172], [178], [209], [248], [250], [251], [253-255], [270], [306], [387], [388], [470], [472], [473], [488]
Rangifer tarandus, [193], [209], [210], [285];
see Reindeer
Räuberhöhle, [245], [247], [248], [314]

Raymonden, [349], [376], [388], [435]
Reilhac, [331], [471]
Reindeer, [13], [41], [43], [44], [46], [102], [103], [187], [191-194], [196], [197], [202], [205], [206], [209], [210-212], [214], [221], [223], [225], [284], [285], [286-289], [314], [317], [332], [333], [365], [366], [370], [372], [385], [392], [399], [405], [407], [411-413], [415], [419-421], [429], [433], [440], [441], [445], [447], [461], [462], [468], [469], [471], [474], [481], [498];
see Rangifer
Reindeer Epoch, Period, [13], [14], [102], [192], [275], [286], [363], [375], [392], [438], [456], [459]
Religion, [272], [358-360], [463], [465], [501]
Remouchamp, [471], [474]
Ressaulier, [435], [436]
Restorations, Knight, Charles R., frontispiece, [358];
McGregor, J. Howard, [9], [79-82], [87], [137], [140], [142], [143], [145], [203], [242], [243], [273], [293], [300], [301];
Rutot-Mascré, [73], [101], [484], [495]
Retouch, [169-172], [248], [269], [306], [308], [310], [331], [332], [338], [339], [358],