Milan, resolute conduct of the people of in the choice of a bishop, i. 366 and note y;
its siege by Frederic I., 372;
destruction of the city, 373;
its statistics in the 13th century, 393;
its public works, 394;
creation of the duchy of Milan, 412;
lax conduct of the Milanese clergy, ii. 187, note g.
See [Lombards].
Military systems of the middle ages.
character of the English troops at Crecy, Poitiers, and Azincourt, i. 55, 77;
disadvantages of feudal obligations in long campaigns, 262;
substitution of mercenaries, 264;
Canute's soldiers, and his institutes respecting them, 264 and note g;
the mercenaries of the Anglo-Norman kings, 265;
advantages of mercenary troops, ib.;
high rate of pay to English soldiers, 77 and note t, 266;
establishment of a regular force by Charles VII., 267;
military resources of the Italian cities, 467;
importance of their carroccio, 467 and note d;
their foreign auxiliaries, 468;
arms and armour, 469 and note k;
citizens excused from service, 469;
companies of adventurers: Guarnieri's systematic levies, 471;
spirited refusal of tribute by Florence, 472;
Sir John Hawkwood's career [see [Hawkwood]];
eminent Italian generals and their services, 474, 475;
probable first instance of half-pay, 475 and note u;
small loss of life in mediæval warfare, 476, 477, and notes;
long bows and cross bows, 477, 478;
advantages and disadvantages of armour, 478;
introduction of gunpowder, 479;
clumsiness of early artillery and fire-arms, 480;
increased efficiency of infantry, 481.
Mocenigo (doge), dying prophecy of, i. 465, 466, and note.
Moguls, ravages of the, ii. 131;
their exploits under Timur, 133.
Mohammed, advent of, ii. 114;
state of Arabia at the time, 115;
dearth of materials for his history, ib. note;
characteristics of his writings, 115, 116;
his knowledge of Christianity whence derived, 116, note c;
martial spirit of his system, 117, 118;
career of his followers.
See [Abbassides], [Moors], [Ottomans], [Saracens], [Turks].
Monarchy in France, character of the, i. 217 note;
means by which it became absolute, 223;
its power of enacting laws unlimited, 229 note h.
Monasteries, cultivation of waste lands by, ii. 142;
less pure sources of income, 144;
their exemption from episcopal control, 168 and note f;
preservation of books by them, iii. [292];
extent of their charities, [302] and [note];
vices of their inmates, [303];
their anti-social influence, [304];
their agricultural exertions, [360] and [note].
Money, high interest paid for, iii. [337];
establishment of paper credit, [339] and [note] b;
banks of Italy, [340];
securities for public loans, [341];
changes in the value of money, [366-369];
comparative table of value, [370] [note] x;
See [Coining].
Montagu (minister of Charles VI.), arrest of, i. 68 note z.
Montfort (Simon de), heads the crusade against the Albigeois, i. 29.