mulga: Acacia sp. (“wattle” in Australian) especially Acacia aneura; growing in semi-desert conditions. Used as a description of such a harsh region.
mullock: the tailings left after gold has been removed. In Lawson generally mud (alluvial) rather than rock
myall: aboriginal living in a traditional pre-conquest manner
narked: annoyed
navvies: labourers (especially making roads, railways; originally canals, thus from ‘navigators’)
nobbler: a drink
nuggety: compact but strong physique; small but well-muscled
pannikin: metal mug
peckish: hungry—usually only mildly so. Use here is thus ironic.
poley: a dehorned cow