London Labour and the London Poor, Vol. 4

by Henry Mayhew

COUNTIES.	Average Population from 1841-50.	Total number committed for carnally abusing girls between the age of 10 and 12 years.										Total for 10 years.	Annual Average.	No. committed annually in every 10,000,000 Persons.	Proportion per Cent. above and below the Aver. † denotes above. * „ below.
		1841.	1842.	1843.	1844.	1845.	1846.	1847.	1848.	1849.	1850.
Bedford	121,083	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	†100·0
Berks	194,763	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	5	†66·7
Bucks	140,959	..	..	..	..	..	..	2	..	..	..	2	·2	14	†366·7
Cambridge	180,747	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	6	†100·0
Chester	395,919	..	..	..	2	..	1	..	..	..	..	3	·3	8	†166·7
Cornwall	349,991	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	3
Cumberland	186,762	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	†100·0
Derby	250,249	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	†100·0
Devon	554,738	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Dorset	172,736	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Durham	368,787	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Essex	332,363	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	1	·1	3
Gloucester	407,504	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	2	·2	5	†66·7
Hereford	97,813	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Hertford	168,178	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	6	†100·0
Hunts	57,942	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Kent	585,249	..	..	2	1	1	..	1	3	..	..	8	·8	14	†366·7
Lancaster	1,881,261	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	1	2	..	4	·4	2	*33·3
Leicester	227,621	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	·1	4	†33·3
Lincoln	378,246	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	1	·1	3
Middlesex	1,740,814	..	1	2	1	4	1	2	1	2	..	14	1·4	8	†166·7
Monmouth	164,093	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Norfolk	419,463	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Northampton	206,496	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	1	·1	5	†66·7
Northumberland	284,777	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Nottingham	282,584	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Oxford	166,751	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Rutland	23,711	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Salop	243,352	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Somerset	452,515	1	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	1	..	3	·3	7	†133·3
Southampton	377,040	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	1	·1	3
Stafford	579,686	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Suffolk	325,336	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Surrey	635,917	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	..	3	·3	5	†66·7
Sussex	320,944	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Warwick	444,558	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Westmorland	57,494	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	17	†466·7
Wilts	241,887	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	4	†33·3
Worcester	244,574	..	..	..	1	..	1	..	2	..	..	4	·4	16	†433·3
York	1,686,461	1	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2	·2	1	*66·7
North Wales	396,161	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
South Wales	568,430	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Total for England and Wales	16,918,458	4	2	7	8	6	5	5	9	8	2	56	5·6	3

⁂ The proportionate number of persons perpetrating the above crime has been calculated with reference to the entire population, instead of the male part of it only, as at the first glance might seem necessary, males only being capable of committing the above offence. But it was found, on examination, that the intensity of the criminality in the several counties in this respect was influenced by the relative number of females (see comparative table below); the average, therefore, has been calculated from the entire population.

LIST OF COUNTIES IN THE ORDER OF THEIR CRIMINALITY WITH REGARD TO CARNALLY ABUSING GIRLS BETWEEN THE AGE OF 10 AND 12 YEARS, AS SHOWN BY THE NUMBER COMMITTED FOR THIS OFFENCE IN EVERY 10,000,000 OF THE POPULATION.

Counties above the Average.

Westmor.	17
Worcester	16
Kent	14
Bucks	14
Middlesex	8
Chester	8
Somerset	7
Cambridge	6
Hertford	6
Surrey	5
Gloucester	5
Berks	5
Northamp.	5
Leicester	4
Wilts	4
Average for England and Wales	3

Counties below the Average.

Cornwall	3
Essex	3
Lincoln	3
Southamp.	3
Lancaster	2
York	1
Bedford
Cumberland
Derby
Devon
Dorset
Durham
Hereford
Hunts
Monmouth
Norfolk
Northumb.
Nottingham
Oxford
Rutland
Salop
Stafford
Suffolk
Sussex
Warwick
N. Wales
S. Wales

THE CRIME OF RAPE COMPARED WITH THAT OF CARNALLY ABUSING CHILDREN IN EACH COUNTY.

Counties in which the Number of Rapes and the Number of Cases of Carnal Abuse are both above the Average.	Percentage above and below the Average. † denotes above. * „ below.		Counties in which the Number of Rapes is above and the Number of Cases of Carnal Abuse is below the Average.	Percentage above and below the Average. † denotes above. * „ below.
	In Number of Rapes.	In No. of Cases of Carnal Abuse.		In Number of Rapes.	In No. of Cases of Carnal Abuse.
Bucks	†129·4	†366·7	Monmouth	†145·6	*100·0
Hertford	†110·3	†100·0	Stafford	†105·9	*100·0
Chester	† 85·3	†166·7	Durham	† 86·8	*100·0
Worcester	† 44·1	†433·3	Essex	† 85·3	*
Wilts	† 39·7	† 33·3	Norfolk	† 36·8	*100·0
Northampton	† 7·4	† 66·7	Oxford	† 32·4	*100·0
Leicester	† 2·9	† 33·3	Rutland	† 23·5	*100·0
Westmorland	† 2·9	†466·6	Southampton	† 13·2	*
Gloucester	† 1·5	† 66·7
Counties in which the No. of Rapes and the No. of Cases of Carnal Abuse are both below the Aver.			Counties in which the No. of Rapes is below and the No. of Cases of Carnal Abuses above the Aver.
Nottingham	*58·8	*100·0	Surrey	*19·1	† 66·7
North Wales	*55·9	*100·0	Cambridge	*19·1	†100·0
Lincoln	*50·0	*	Somerset	*16·2	†133·3
South Wales	*48·5	*100·0	Kent	*11·8	†355·7
Cumberland	*45·6	*100·0	Berks	* 8·8	† 66·7
Warwick	*36·8	*100·0	Middlesex	* 2·9	†166·7
Derby	*29·4	*100·0
Devon	*27·9	*100·0
Lancaster	*26·5	* 33·3
Hereford	*25·0	*100·0	⁂ The rule appears to be, that where the Number of Rapes is the greatest, the Number of Cases of Carnally Abusing Children is (generally speaking) the greatest also; and vice versâ, where the Rapes are the least, the carnal abuse of Children is the least likewise.
Hunts	*23·5	*100·0
Dorset	*23·5	*100·0
Sussex	*22·1	*100·0
Northumb.	*17·6	*100·0
York	*11·8	* 66·7
Suffolk	*10·3	*100·0
Salop	* 8·8	*100·0
Bedford	* 2·9	*100·0
Cornwall	*	*