Fig. 28.—Y-Branch of Vitrified Tile Pipe.
In laying the distributing system, every second or third length of the branch carriers, according to the porosity of the soil and the spacing of the lines of distributing tiling, should consist of a Y-branch (see Fig. [28]), to which a one-eighth bend (see Fig. [29]) should be fitted if the lines of lateral tiling are to be laid at right angles to the main carriers, as shown in Fig. [27]; or the lateral tiling may be fitted directly to the Y-branch if the lateral lines are to be led away from the carrier at an angle of 45°, as shown in Fig. [30]. The Y should branch from the lower portion of the pipe, as shown in Fig. [28].
Fig. 29—Eighth Bend of Vitrified Tile Pipe.
Fig. 30.—Sub-surface Tiling.
The lateral tiling should be of three-inch agricultural tile (see Fig. [31]), laid with a space of one-quarter inch between each length and with a piece of tar paper or a half-collar of larger diameter pipe, as shown in Fig. [32], placed over the joints to prevent clogging of the pipe with earth. In the heavier soils the lateral lines of sub-surface tiling are sometimes set in trenches eight to fourteen inches deep and about twelve inches wide, filled with broken stone or gravel placed around the tiling to within two or three inches of the ground surface, as shown in Fig. [32]. This allows the effluent to seep away more readily, but while of advantage in those soils the provision is not necessary in the more porous soils.
Fig. 31.—Photograph of Tile laid as if for Sewage Disposal.