Air lifts for water.

Compressed air is also a source of power for raising water from a deep well; but it is neither economical in first cost of apparatus nor in operation. The principle is shown by the diagram of Fig. 23, and explains without words how air pressure may be carried down into the well through one pipe and thereby force the water of the well up into another pipe far above its natural level. The machinery needed involves an engine or motor and an air compressor, the latter taking the place of the ordinary pump. It has the single advantage that it avoids the maintenance of valves and similar deep-well machinery at a great distance below the ground, the air pump not requiring any mechanism in the well.

In Fig. 50 is shown a plant installed by the Knowles Pump Co. for a hotel where the air compressor furnished compressed air to raise the water from the deep well into a tank, whence a steam pump lifts the water to a reservoir, not shown.

Fig. 51.—Wooden tank.

Water tanks.

The standard form of wooden tank in which water may be stored and from which it may be delivered to the house fixtures is pictured in Fig. 51. Figure 52 shows a galvanized iron tank for the same purpose. The tables appended, taken from catalogues of firms building such tanks, show the dimensions, weights, and costs of the two kinds of tanks.

TABLE XV. Dimensions and List Prices of Water Tanks.

Wooden Stave Tanks

1-1/2 In. Cypress 2-In. Cypress 2-In. Pine
Length Of Stave, FeetDia. Bottom, FeetCapacity, GallonsNo. of HoopsPrice Galv. Hoops, ExtraWeight Lb. PriceWeight Lb. PriceWeight Lb. Price
2 3 66 2$ .30 105$ 9.30 127$12.00 110$10.50
3 3 108 3 .40 146 12.00 182 15.00 157 13.20
2 4 125 2 .35 150 14.30 186 17.50 160 15.50
4 4 283 4 .65 260 21.00 321 26.00 277 23.00
2 5 207 2 .45 190 19.80 240 24.00 207 21.00
2-1/2 5 272 3 .65 247 21.30 305 26.00 263 23.50
3 5 337 3 .65 267 22.80 332 28.00 287 25.00
4 5 467 4 .85 342 25.80 425 32.50 367 28.50
5 5 597 4 1.00 409 28.90 508 37.00 438 32.00
2 5-1/2 252 2 .50 233 22.50 317 27.50 251 24.00
2-1/2 5-1/2 312 3 .75 275 24.00 341 31.70 294 28.00
2 6 304 2 .50 265 23.50 331 28.00 284 25.00
2-1/2 6 400 3 .75 310 26.30 387 31.00 334 28.00
4 6 688 4 1.25 443 31.80 546 41.00 473 35.00
5 6 880 4 1.40 520 36.90 645 48.00 557 41.00
6 6 1072 5 1.60 600 42.00 744 55.00 642 47.00
2-1/2 7 550 3 .85 381 29.00 475 38.00 409 32.00
5 7 1210 4 1.60 630 45.00 780 58.00 675 50.00
6 7 1474 5 2.00 738 51.50 910 66.00 789 56.50
7 7 1738 6 2.35 829 58.001028 74.00 889 63.00
2 8 551 2 .80 408 31.00 506 40.00 436 35.00
2-1/2 8 725 3 1.20 472 35.00 587 45.00 507 39.00
6 8 1943 5 2.60 880 61.001083 78.00 938 68.00
8 8 2639 7 3.501113 76.001363 97.001193 84.00
9 9 3825 8 5.201770124.401539108.00
6 10 3093 5 4.301458107.001266 91.00
8 10 4200 7 6.201867131.001630113.00
10 10 5308 9 8.102277155.001994135.00
12 10 6516 1110.002653179.002323157.00
6 12 4494 5 6.301930138.001685120.00
10 12 7714 911.352910200.002555174.00
12 12 9324 1114.003393231.002984201.00