[260]. Cf. Rept. N. Y. Com. of Imm., p. 92.
[261]. New York now has a state law, which went into effect Sept. 1, 1911, for the regulation of these lodging houses. The Survey, Sept. 30, 1911.
[262]. That the spirit of Know Nothingism dies hard, and is likely to crop out even in modern times, is evidenced by the so-called A. P. A. agitation of the early nineties. The A. P. A., or American Protective Association, was the most prominent of several secret organizations, formed about this time, the purposes and methods of which were strikingly similar to those of the Native American and Know Nothing parties. The object of their antagonism was the Roman Catholic Church, and particularly the body of Irish Catholics. This agitation was carried to such an extent that many people, even of the intelligent and thoughtful, feared that a religious war was impending. For details see Winston, E. M., “The Threatening Conflict with Romanism,” Forum, 17:425 (June, 1894); Coudert, Frederic R., “The American Protective Association,” Forum, 17:513 (July, 1894); Gladden, W., “The Anti-Catholic Crusade,” Century, 25:789 (March, 1894).
[263]. Professor Mayo-Smith says on this point, “The commands of morality are absolute and must have the sanction of perfect faith in order to be effective. To destroy the credibility of the sanction, without putting anything in its place, must for the time being be destructive of ethical action.” Emigration and Immigration, p. 7.
[264]. Cf. Bingham, T. A., “Foreign Criminals in New York,” North American Review, September, 1908, p. 381. Also, Rept. Imm. Com., Importing Women for Immoral Purposes, pp. 12, 14.
[265]. The Workingman and Social Problems, p. 32. Cf. White, Gaylord S., “The Protestant Church and the Immigrant,” The Survey, Sept. 25, 1909.
[266]. Anderson, W. L., The Country Town, p. 164.
[267]. Commons, J. R., op. cit., p. 203.
[268]. It is a suggestive fact that the word “recreation” does not occur in the indexes of Hall’s Immigration, Jenks and Lauck’s The Immigration Problem, Commons’ Races and Immigrants in America, Coolidge’s Chinese Immigration, or Balch’s Our Slavic Fellow-Citizens. For descriptions of the recreations of the foreign-born see Kenngott, George F., The Record of a City, Ch. VIII; City Wilderness, Ch. VIII; Americans in Process, Ch. VIII; Roberts, Peter, The New Immigration, Ch. XVIII.
[269]. Statistical Abstract of the U. S., 1910, p. 251. Cf. also Ely, R. T., Outlines of Economics, p. 340, and Streightoff, F. H., Standard of Living, p. 55.